Dianthus spiculifolius Schur, Enum. Pl. Transsilv.: 98 (1866), non Borbas

Novikov, Andriy, 2023, An annotated nomenclatural checklist of endemic vascular plants distributed in the Ukrainian Carpathians, Biodiversity Data Journal 11, pp. 103921-103921 : 103921

Dianthus spiculifolius Schur, Enum. Pl. Transsilv.: 98 (1866), non Borbas

Dianthus spiculifolius ≡ Dianthus kitaibelii subsp. spiculifolius (Schur) Novák, Sborník Klubu Přírodověd. v Praze. Sv. 4. 1914-1920, Č. 4: 23(1) (1922) et Věst. Král. české spol. nauk. Tř. mat.- přírod. 1923(11): 30 (1924)

Dianthus spiculifolius ≡ Dianthus petraeus subsp. spiculifolius (Schur) Ciocârlan, Illustr. Fl. Rom.: 217-223 (2000); GBIF: https://www.gbif.org/species/7886591

Dianthus spiculifolius ≡ Dianthus plumarius subsp. spiculifolius (Schur) Baksay, Symposia Biol. Hung. 12: 153 (1972)

Dianthus spiculifolius = Dianthus acicularis Schur, Enum. Pl. Transsilv.: 98 (1866), non Fisch. ex Ledeb.; GBIF: https://www.gbif.org/species/3815472; IPNI: https://www.ipni.org/n/153009-1; BHL: https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/10544149#page/120

Dianthus spiculifolius = Dianthus brachyanthus Schur, Enum. Pl. Transsilv.: 96 (1866), non Boiss.; GBIF: https://www.gbif.org/species/7371609; IPNI: https://www.ipni.org/n/153147-1; WFO: http://www.worldfloraonline.org/taxon/wfo-0000643176; POWO: https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/153147-1; BHL: https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/10544147#page/118; JACQ: https://www.jacq.org/detail.php?ID=366863; JSTOR Global Plants: https://plants.jstor.org/stable/10.5555/al.ap.specimen.lw00203891

Dianthus spiculifolius = Dianthus carpathicus Borbás, Termesz. Fuzet. 12: 44 (1889), non Woł. [nom. inval.]; GBIF: https://www.gbif.org/species/3813900; IPNI: https://www.ipni.org/n/153199-1; BHL: https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/31106623#page/620

Dianthus spiculifolius = Dianthus hungaricus (Andrae) Simonk., Enum. Fl. Transsilv.: 121 (1886), non alior; BHL: https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/40105#page/185

Dianthus spiculifolius = Dianthus microche[i]lus B.S.Williams, Pinks Centr. Eur.: 37 (1890) et B.S.Williams ex Wettst., Oesterr. Bot. Z. 41: 176 (1891); GBIF: https://www.gbif.org/species/3810687; IPNI: https://www.ipni.org/n/153597-1; WFO: https://list.worldfloraonline.org/wfo-0000643859; POWO: https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/153597-1; BHL: https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/28710681#page/182

Dianthus spiculifolius = Dianthus petraeus Janka, Bot. Közlem. 12: 187 (1913), non Waldst. & Kit. nec M.Bieb.

Dianthus spiculifolius = Dianthus petraeus Kerner, Oesterr. Bot. Z. 18: 18, 126 (1868) [nom. nudum], non Waldst. & Kit. nec M.Bieb.; BHL: https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/91216#page/26

Dianthus spiculifolius = Dianthus plumarius Baumg., Enum. Stirp. Transsilv. 1: 390 (1816) et auct. transsilv., non L. nec Gunnerus

Dianthus spiculifolius = Dianthus plumarius var. erythrocalyx Schott ex Simonk., Enum. Fl. Transsilv.: 121 (1886); BHL: https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/40105#page/185

Dianthus spiculifolius = Dianthus plumarius var. hungaricus Andrae, Bot. Zeitung 11: 436 (1853), non alior; BHL: https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/105829#page/230

Dianthus spiculifolius = Dianthus serotinus Barth, Verh. Mitth. Siebenbürg. Vereins Naturwiss. Hermannstadt 19: 144 (1868) [nom. nudum], non Waldst. & Kit.; BHL: https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/110590#page/442

Dianthus spiculifolius = Dianthus serotinus Salzer, Verh. Mitth. Siebenbürg. Vereins Naturwiss. Hermannstadt 15: 50 (1864) [nom. nudum], non Waldst. & Kit.; BHL: https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/105000#page/546

Dianthus spiculifolius = Dianthus spiculifolius f. petraeiformis Novák, Sborník Klubu Přírodověd. v Praze. Sv. 4. 1914-1920, Č. 4: 25(3) (1922)

Conservation status

In Ukraine - DD ( Onyshchenko et al. 2022).

Distribution

SE Carpathian endemic.

Notes

This species is probably absent in the recent flora of the Ukrainian Carpathians since no new finding confirms its presence. It was mentioned for Chyvchyny Mts. (south Bukovina), based on old herbarium specimens by Fedoronchuk and Chorney (2005). However, it is not listed for the flora of the Ukrainian Carpathians by Chopyk and Fedoronchuk (2015). While working in the Ukrainian herbaria, I could not locate any specimen of D. spiculifolius Probably such specimens could be refined in the Schur’s collection hosted at LW, but, unfortunately, this collection has remained permanently unavailable for the last few years.

Borbás (1889), on page 44, indicated that D. carpathicus Borbás ( D. callizonus × D. tenuifolius ) is a synonym of D. brachyanthus Schur, non Boiss. and indicated it in the protologue "in rupibus calcareis alp. Kyrálikő (i.e. Piatra Craiului Mts. in Hungarian), circa 2000 mt. s.m. Aug. 1858 (Schur!)". Schur (1866), on page 96, as the protologue to D. brachyanthus wrote "Auf Kalkfelsen des Königstein (i.e. Piatra Craiului Mts. in German) bei Kronstadt (i.e. Brașov). 6000-7000'. Aug." Williams (1890), on page 37 and Williams (1893), on page 415, synonymised D. brachyanthus with D. microchelus Williams, and also cited it for Kronstadt in Transylvania.

It is unclear why CoL (https://www.catalogueoflife.org/data/taxon/6CQ3R, accessed on 07.06.2023), GBIF (https://www.gbif.org/species/7267406, accessed on 07.06.2023), WFO (http://www.worldfloraonline.org/taxon/wfo-0000643860, accessed on 05.06.2023), POWO (https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:153598-1, accessed on 05.06.2023) and Worldplants (https://www.worldplants.de/world-plants-complete-list/complete-plant-list?name=Dianthus-microlepis, accessed on 05.06.2023), as well as Fassou et al. (2022), provide D. brachyanthus Schur amongst synonyms for D. microlepis Boiss., because Boissier (1843), on page 22, described D. microlepis out of the Carpathian region, i.e. from Rumelia, Balkans. The current known distribution of D. microlepis is limited to Bulgaria, Greece, Montenegro, Bosnia and Herzegovina, North Macedonia, Serbia, Slovenia, Croatia and Kosovo ( Marhold 2022). Perhaps, the synonymisation of the Carpathian D. brachyanthus Schur with Balcanian D. microlepis is a result of a confusion of D. brachyanthus in the sense of Schur (1866) [= D. microchelus Williams] with D. brachyanthus in the sense of earlier Boissier's publication ( Boissier 1837: p. 85). Therefore, D. brachyanthus Schur, non Boiss. should be considered a synonym of D. microchelus Williams and D. carpathicus Borbás, non Woł. and, consequently, a synonym of D. spiculifolius Schur.

Interestingly, in all mentioned databases, including IPNI (https://www.ipni.org/n/153597-1, accessed on 05.06.2023), D. microchelus is misspelled as D. microche[i]lus and the incorrect place of publication of this name is indicated. It is wrongly stated that Williams published this species in 1891 in Oesterreichische Botanische Zeitschrift. Instead, Williams published it a year before, in 1890, in his monography "The pinks of Central Europe" ( Williams 1890: p. 37), while later, in Oesterreichische Botanische Zeitschrift, the editor of this journal, Richard R. von Wettstein, published a brief review on Williams' book with the indication of newly-proposed taxa ( Wettstein 1891: p. 176). Thus, Williams never personally published this name in Oesterreichische Botanische Zeitschrift.