Colletes rufipes Smith, 1879

Ferrari, Rafael R., 2019, A revision of Colletes Latreille (Hymenoptera: Colletidae: Colletinae) from Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay, Zootaxa 4606 (1), pp. 1-91 : 65-69

Colletes rufipes Smith, 1879

( Figs. 19 , 38, 39, 49B, 50B, 51B, 52B)

Colletes rufipes Smith, 1879: 3 ; Dalla Torre 1896: 44; Schrottky 1901: 211, 1902: 344, 1907: 5, 1913: 236; Ducke 1910a: 80, 1910b: 43; Moure 1942: 295, 1944: 2, 1945: 394; Martins 1994: 232; Zanella 2000: 590; Moure & Urban 2002: 18; Silveira et al. 2002: 155; Garófalo et al. 2004: 79; Locatelli et al. 2004: 158; Bushrow et al. 2006: 357; Moure et al. 2007: 687; Westerkamp et al. 2007: 281; Azevedo et al. 2008: 150; Gazola & Garófalo 2009: 611; Hakim & Laroca 2010: 122; Andena et al. 2012: 1671; Martins et al. 2012: 32; Moure et al. 2012; Almeida & Laroca 2013: 57; Ferrari & Silveira 2015: 268 ; Lima & Silvestre 2017: 11; Ascher & Pickering 2018.

Lectotype ♀ examined. ( NHMUK). [hereby designated]

Colletes rufines (sic); Silveira & Campos 1995: 377.

Diagnosis: Colletes rufipes can be diagnosed by the combination of labrum reddish-brown and legs dark-orange. Colletes rufipes is most similar to C. flagellaris n. sp. in that in both the labrum is flat and without ridges, and T2–T5 are covered with pale-yellow, appressed hairs. However, the two species can be distinguished from one other by labrum reddish-brown in C. rufipes (labrum black in C. flagellaris n. sp.); F1 relatively short, 1.4/1.1x (♀ /♁) as long as its apical width, in C. rufipes (F1 1.9/1.3x (♀ /♁) as long as its apical width in C. flagellaris n. sp.); and legs dark-orange in C. rufipes (legs black in C. flagellaris n. sp.).

Redescription: FEMALE ( Figs. 38A, 38C, 38E ):

Dimensions (mm): Approximate body length 9.6–10.5; head width 3.2–3.5; head length 2.6–2.9; intertegular distance 2.4–2.8; forewing length 7.2–7.8.

Colouration: Black except distal 3/4 of mandible, labrum, distal half of tarsal claws, S6 (except pale-orange mid-longitudinally) reddish-brown. Legs (except front coxa dark-brown), S1 dark-orange. Tegula, wing venation (except vein R of forewing dark-orange), stigma, tibial spurs, marginal zones of T1–T5 and S1–S6 pale-orange. Ventral surface of F3–F10, proximal half of tarsal claws pale-brown. T6, discs of S2–S5 dark-brown.

Structure: Labrum medially flat and lacking longitudinal ridges. Clypeal mid-longitudinal area shallowly depressed throughout; depression narrow (0.4x MOD) above, much wider (1.5x MOD) below. Malar area ~1.1x as long as basal depth of mandible (47:43). Hypostomal carina short and flat. F1 ~1.4x as long as its apical width (39:28). UID:LID (66:59). Frontal area without protrusion below lateral ocellus. Vertexal area concave behind upper summit of eye in postero-lateral view. Dorsolateral angle of pronotum modified as a long spine. Mesepisternum ventrally, near ventral end of episternal groove, without protrusion surrounded by short hairs. Horizontal surface of metapostnotum ~0.7x as long as metanotum (35:51); metapostnotal pits well-delimited; posterior transverse carina sinuous and complete. Posteromedial surface of front coxa without spine. Posterior hind tibial spur ciliate. Hind basitarsus ~4.3x longer than broad (78:18). Outer rami of hind tarsal claws ~ 3x as long as inner rami (16:5). Marginal zone of T1 flat. Marginal zone of S6 depressed.

Pubescence: Head with pale-yellow, plumose, erect, moderately long hairs; except mandible with pale-orange setae; clypeus with suberect, moderately short hairs mid-longitudinally; genal area with very long hairs towards proboscidial area; frontal and occipital areas with fuscous and pale-yellow hairs intermixed.Mesosoma with pale-orange, plumose, erect, long hairs; except pronotal lobe and mesoscutum with moderately short hairs; lateral surface of propodeum with long hairs on upper margin and short appressed hairs posteriorly. Legs with pale-yellow hairs (except mid and hind tibiae and basitarsi with fuscous and pale-yellow hairs intermixed towards posterior margin); trochanters and femora with plumose, erect, long hairs; femoral and tibial scopae with branched apically only, suberect, very long hairs anteriorly; tibiae with suberect, short setae (except hind tibiae with erect, moderately long setae); basitarsi with erect, short setae (those hairs long on posterior margin). Metasomal terga with pale-yellow hairs (except T6 with black setae); T1–T5 covered with plumose, dense, appressed hairs; T1 also with plumose, erect, long hairs on disc, those hairs short on T2–T4 laterally; T4–T5 also with black, erect, moderately long setae on discs. Metasomal sterna with pale-yellow hairs; S1 with plumose, erect, long hairs; those hairs moderately short on S2; S3–S6 with erect, moderately short setae on discs; S3–S5 with a transverse line of plumose, suberect hairs near marginal zones.

Surface sculpture: Clypeal mid-longitudinal depression sparsely and moderately finely punctate (interspaces imbricate); adjacent convex area finely striate longitudinally. Malar area moderately densely and finely punctate near lower summit of eye; finely striate elsewhere. Supraclypeal sparsely and moderately coarsely punctate; interspaces imbricate. Paraocular area densely and finely punctate (except moderately coarsely punctate towards clypeus); interspaces smooth throughout. Frontal area punctures crowded and moderately coarse; interspaces rugulose. Vertexal area densely and moderately finely punctate near lateral ocellus; sparsely and finely punctate towards eye; interspaces smooth throughout. Mesoscutum punctures crowded and moderately coarse (except punctures sparser and coarser posteromedially); interspaces smooth. Scutellum densely and coarsely punctate (except sparsely punctate anteriorly and finely punctate posteriorly); interspaces smooth. Metanotum punctures crowded and moderately coarse; punctures limits ill defined. Mesoscutum densely and coarsely punctate, interspaces smooth (except sparsely and moderately finely punctate towards metepisternum posteroventrally, interspaces rugulose). Metepisternum with oblique carinae mid-anteriorly; rugose above; sparsely and moderately finely punctate below (interspaces rugulose). Lateral surface of propodeum sparsely and finely punctate; interspaces rugulose. Vertical surface of metapostnotum rugose above. Metasomal terga with smooth interspaces throughout; T1 moderately sparsely and finely punctate; T2–T5 minutely punctate; T6 densely and finely punctate. Metasomal sterna with imbricate interspaces throughout; S1 minutely punctate; S2–S3 moderately sparsely and finely punctate (except S2 sparsely punctate mid-longitudinally); S4–S5 moderately densely and finely punctate (except densely punctate towards marginal zone); S6 densely and moderately finely punctate (except finely punctate laterally and moderately coarsely punctate posteriorly).

MALE ( Figs. 38B, 38D, 38F ). As in female, except for usual secondary sexual characteristics and as follows:

Dimensions (mm): Approximate body length 8.2–9.0; head width 2.7–3.1; head length 2.3–2.7; intertegular distance 2.2–2.5; forewing length 6.4–6.9.

Colouration: Ventral surface of F2 pale-brown. Ventral surface of front and mid trochanters, dorsal surface of front and mid tibiae dark-brown. Anteroventral surface of mid femur, ventral surface of hind femur pale-yellow. Disc of S6 dark-brown.

Structure: Clypeal mid-longitudinal depression very narrow (0.2x MOD) above, much wider (= MOD) below. Malar area ~2.5x as long as basal depth of mandible (62:24). F1 ~1.1x as long as its apical width (33:29). UID: LID (61:50). Horizontal surface of metapostnotum ~0.9x as long as metanotum (35:38). Hind basitarsus ~4.4x longer than broad (57:13). Outer rami of hind tarsal claws ~1.5x as long as inner rami (11:7). Marginal zone of S6 depressed. S7, S8 and genital capsule as in Figs. 39A, 39B, 39C , respectively.

Pubescence: Mandible with pale-yellow, plumose hairs. Paraocular area with sparse fuscous hairs near eye. Vertexal area with pale-yellow hairs only. Pronotal and mesoscutal hairs as long as those on scutellum. Lateral surface of propodeum with erect hairs throughout. Mid and hind tibiae and basitarsi with pale-yellow setae only.

Surface sculpture: Clypeal mid-longitudinal depression densely punctate; adjacent convex area smooth. Malar area densely and moderately coarsely punctate anteriorly. Supraclypeal and vertexal areas densely punctate throughout. Metanotum moderately densely punctate; punctures limits well defined. Mesepisternum with smooth interspaces throughout. Lateral surface of propodeum densely punctate anteriorly and above. T1–T6 densely and finely punctate. S2 minutely punctate. S3–S5 densely and finely punctate. S6 sparsely punctate on posterior half.

Material studied: Primary type specimen: Lectotype ♀ —“Type”. “B. M. TYPE; HYM.; 17.a.532”. “ Colletes ; rufipes Sm. ; (Type)”. “ Bahia ”. “NHMUK013379533”. “ LECTOTYPE; Colletes rufipes ♀; Smith, 1879; designated R. Ferrari, 2018”. { NHMUK}. [hereby designated]

Additional specimens: BRAZIL — Ceará: 18km SE of Assaré , (-6.9755, -39.7750), 3/v/2014, [Almeida, Lucena & Tavares], 1♀ , { RPSP}. Serra de Baturité , 28/vi/1908, [A. Ducke], 1♁, { NHMUK}; idem, except 11/vii/1908, 1♀ .

Minas Gerais: Araxá, 5/v/1965, [C. Elias], 2♀♀, { DZUP }; idem, except 19/ix/1965. Belo Horizonte, Parque das Mangabeiras, 13/xi/1996, [J. Damasceno], 1♁, { UFMG }; idem, except 18/xii/1996, 1♁; idem, except 23/i/1997, 1♁; idem, except 31/i/1997, 1♀; idem, except 13/iii/1997, 2♁♁; 10/iv/1997, 1♁; idem, except 2/v/1997, 1♁; idem, except 17/i/1996, [F. Silveira], 1♀. Belo Vale, 25/vii/1986, [G. Melo], 1♁, { MEUV }. Bonfinópolis de Minas , Fa- zenda Assa Peixe, (-16.5667, -45.9833), 25/ii/2001, [M. Mazucato], 1♀, { RPSP }. Brumadinho, Parque Estadual da Serra do Rola-Moça , 10/xi/2004, [A. Azevedo], 1♁, { UFMG }. Campos Altos , 28/viii/1965, [C. Elias], 1♀ 2♁♁, { DZUP }. Catas Altas, Serra do Caraça , 8/i/1999, [F. Silveira], 1♁, { UFMG }; idem, except 28/v/1999, [F. Silveira], 3♁♁, { UFMG }. Conceição do Mato Dentro , 7/ix/2001, [R. Loyola], 1♀, { UFMG }. Coronel Fabriciano, ix/1955, [A. Ferreira], 1♀, { DZUP }. Delfinópolis, iv/1963, [C. Elias], 1♀, { DZUP }. Governador Valadares, 16/ii/1986, [G. Melo], 1♀, { MEUV }. Itueta , 13/vii/1970, [C. Elias], 33♁♁, { DZUP }. Montes Claros , 5/i/1986, [A. Soares], 1♁, { MEUV }. Nova Lima, Parque Estadual da Serra do Rola-Moça , 15/xi/2004, [A. Azevedo], 1♀, { UFMG }. Nova Resende, vii/1961, [C. Elias], 2♀♀ 5♁♁, { DZUP }. Ouro Preto , locality not indicated, viii/1961, [C. Elias], 1♁, { DZUP }; idem, except 22/vii/1963, [C. Elias], 2♁♁, { DZUP }; Cachoeira Andorinhas, 6/ii/1999, [E. Almeida], 1♀, { UFMG }. Lavras Novas , 5/viii/1995, [Faria, Melo, Daniel, & Paiva], 1♀, { MEUV }. Paraopeba, 28/viii/1987, [F. Silveira], 1♀, { MEUV }; idem, except 31/viii/1987, 1♀, { UFMG }. Passos, iv/1962, [C. Elias], 1♀, { DZUP }; idem, except 1/v/1962, 1♁; idem, except 18/vii/1962, 1♀ 13♁♁; idem, except 25/vii/1962, 1♁; idem, except 1/viii/1962, 4♁♁; idem, except 8/viii/1962, 1♁; idem, except 22/viii/1962, 1♀ 1♁; idem, except 1/ix/1962, 1♀; idem, except 27/ix/1962, 1♁; idem, except 24/xii/1962, 1♁; idem, except 5/i/1963, 1♁; idem, except 1/v/1963, 1♁; idem, except 8/vii/1963, 1♁; idem, except 15/vii/1963, 2♁♁; idem, except ix/1963, 1♀; idem, except 9/xii/1963, 1♁. Perdizes, vii/1965, [C. Elias], 6♁♁, { DZUP }. Poços de Caldas, 23/xi/1962, [C. Elias], 1♁, { DZUP }. Pratinha, 4/ix/1965, [C. Elias], 1♀, { DZUP }. Sabará, Chácara do Lessa , 16/vi/2001, [R. Martins], 3♁♁, { UFMG }; Clube Albert Scharlé , 9/i/2000, [F. Silveira], 2♁♁, { UFMG }. Santa Juliana, 4/vi/1965, [C. Elias], 1♀ 1♁, { DZUP }; idem, except 29/ vii/1965, 6♀♀ 3♁♁. Santana do Riacho, RPPN Brumas do Espinhaço , 6/ii/2005, [A. Azevedo], 1♀, { UFMG }. São Gotardo , 11/vi/1965, [C. Elias], 6♁♁, { DZUP }. Tapira, 27/v/1965, [C. Elias], 1♀ 1♁, { DZUP }. Uberaba, 13/viii/1965, [C. Elias], 16♀♀ 7♁♁, { DZUP }. Viçosa, 23/xii/1985, [G. Melo], 1♀, { MEUV }. Rio Grande do Sul: Pelotas, 7/iv/1964, [C. Biezanko], 1♀, { NHMKU }. São Paulo: Cajuru, Fazenda Santa Carlota, 28/xii/1986, [Camargo], 1♀ 1♁, { PCYU }; idem, except 21/xi/1988, [Garófalo, Camillo & Serrano], 1♁. Pedregulhos, Reserva Ecológica, 13/i/1992, [Garófalo, Camillo & Serrano], 1♁, { PCYU }; idem, except 16/i/1992, 1♀; idem, except 17/ i/1992, 1♀. Rio Claro , Chácara Paraízo, v/1939, [Claretiano], 1♁, { SEMC }.

Range: BRAZIL (Bahia, Ceará, Minas Gerais, Rio Grande do Sul, Sṳo Paulo). See also Fig. 19 .

Biogeographical distribution: Chacoan dominion (Caatinga and Cerrado provinces), Parana dominion (Parana Forest province) at altitudes of 100–1400m a.s.l.

DNA barcode: Available. BOLD: ADG1971 (1♁). Distance from the nearest neighbour ( C. meridionalis ): 10.55–11.51%.

Floral hosts: Compositae— Sphagneticola trilobata (L.) Pruski ( Locatelli et al. 2004 (as Complaya trilobata (L.) Stroher)), Vernonia sp. ( Schrottky 1901, 1907). Erythroxylaceae— Erythroxylum suberosum A. St. -Hil. ( Andena et al. 2012). Sapindaceae— Sapindus sp. (Ducke 1910b), Serjania sp. (Ducke 1910b), Spermacoce sp. (Ducke 1910b (as Borreria sp.)), Talisia angustifolia Radlk. ( Andena et al. 2012) .

Comments: Common species widely distributed in Brazil.

As Smith did not designate a name-bearing type in his original description of C. rufipes , coupled with the fact that is impossible to know whether the description was based on a single specimen or not, the female that is deposited at the NHMUK is a syntype (ICZN 1999; see Reccomendation 73F). This specimen, which is in good condition, is herein designated as the species’ lectotype.

Figures

FIGURE 19. Geographical distribution of Colletes furfuraceus (green diamonds), C. michenerianus (red stars), and C. rufipes (blue circles). Scale bar approximately 250km.

FIGURE 38. Colletes rufipes Smith, 1879. Female: (A) habitus, lateral view; (C) face, frontal view; (E) habitus, dorsal view. Male: (B) habitus, lateral view; (D) face, frontal view; (F) habitus, dorsal view. Scale bars = 1mm.

FIGURE 39. Dorsal view of the male terminalia of Colletes rufipes. (A) S7; (B) S8; (C) genital capsule. Scale bars = 1mm.