Campanella dendrophora Singer, Mycologia

Honan, Amy H., Desjardin, Dennis E., Perry, Brian A., Horak, Egon & Baroni, Timothy J., 2015, Towards a better understanding of Tetrapyrgos (Basidiomycota, Agaricales): new species, type studies, and phylogenetic inferences, Phytotaxa 231 (2), pp. 101-132 : 124-125

Campanella dendrophora Singer, Mycologia 47: 763. 1955. Fig. 9a–e

Synonyms: Pterospora dendrophora (Singer) E. Horak, Sydowia 36: 131. 1983.

Tetrapyrgos dendrophora (Singer) E. Horak Sydowia 39: 103. 1987 [1986].

Holotype:— ARGENTINA. Neuquén Prov.: Puerto Manzano, elev. 900 m, on culms of Chusquea couleu ( Poaceae ), 18 May 1952, R Singer M 746 ( LIL!).

The holotype consists of seven basidiomes in fair condition. Description of dried holotype: Pileus ovoid to circular in face view, plano-convex in side view; surface glabrous, wrinkled-reticulate, yellowish brown. Lamellae remote, with many anastomosing lamellae, intervenose, narrow, concolorous with pileus. Stipe about 1 × 0.5 mm, either lateral or as a pseudostipe connected within 2 mm of pileus margin, cylindrical, pruinose, concolorous with pileus. No apparent blue or olive tones when dried. Basidiospores not seen. Basidia 4-spored, clavate. Hymenial cystidia common, scattered, subclavate to fusoid or tibiiform with broadly rounded, obtuse apices, mostly collapsed, all entirely smooth, none seen with diverticula, ranging from thin-walled to slightly thick-walled, refractive; no metuloid cystidia or capitate-diverticulate cystidia observed (by Desjardin). Horak (1983) reported two types of hymenial cystidia, viz., metuloids and capitate-diverticulate cystidia. Pileipellis a Rameales -structure of loosely interwoven, densely diverticulate hyphae 3–6 μm diam., gelatinized, non-incrusted, hyaline, inamyloid; terminal cells coralloid, diverticulate; no capitate pileocystidia seen. Pileus trama of loosely interwoven, cylindrical hyphae 2.5–5.5 μm diam., embedded in a thick gelatinous matrix; hyphae radially arranged, hyaline, thin-walled. Clamp connections present.

Paratype Specimen:— ARGENTINA. Neuquén Prov.: Isla Victoria , elev. 850 m, on culms of Chusquea sp. , 17 May 1952, R Singer M 706 ( LIL!). The paratype specimen consists of three fragmented basidiomes, comparable in morphology to the holotype specimen. Basidiospores (only 5 seen) 9.3–10.5 × 5.1–7.0 μm, triangular, not tetrahedral, smooth, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled. Hymenial cystidia common, projecting, cylindrical-capitate to fusoidcapitate, tibiiform or irregularly cylindrical, with or without a diverticulate central axis, refractive, hyaline, thin-walled ; no metuloid cystidia seen. Pileipellis a Rameales -structure of loosely interwoven, densely diverticulate hyphae; no capitate pileocystidia seen. Pileus tramal hyphae embedded in a thick gelatinous matrix. Clamp connections present.

Newer specimen examined:— ARGENTINA. Neuquén Prov.: Lago Espejo , on rotten debris of Chusquea couleu , 6 April 1980, E Horak ZT 393 ( ZT!). Basidiospores 8–10.5 × 5.1–7 μm [x mr = 8–10.5 × 5.1–7.0 μm, x mm = 9.3 ± 0.53 × 6.2 ± 0.18 μm, Q = 1.3–1.9, Q mr = 1.4–1.6, Q mm = 1.5 ± 0.14, n = 5–7 per 2 basidiomes], triangular with a lateral bulge or tetrahedral, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled. Basidia and basidioles 29–34 × 7–8.5 μm, clavate, 4-spored, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled, clamped. Hymenial cystidia 35–50 × 5–7.5 μm, common, projecting, subclavate to cylindrical, fusoid, tibiiform or irregularly cylindrical, capitate or non-capitate ; apices cylindrical, hyaline, inamyloid, refractive, exudative, thin- to slightly thick-walled; swollen central axis with or without scattered diverticula; diverticula 0.8–2.5 × 0.8–2.5 μm, cylindrical or knob-like, occasionally branched; Horak (1983) reported two types of cystidia. Pileipellis a Rameales -structure of loosely interwoven, densely diverticulate hyphae 3–6 μm, gelatinized, non-incrusted, hyaline, inamyloid; terminal cells 17–22 × 3.0–7.0 μm, non-capitate; diverticula 0.8–2.0 × 0.8–2.0 μm, cylindrical or knob-like. Pileus trama of loosely interwoven to radially arranged, cylindrical hyphae 2.5–6.5 μm diam., embedded in a thick gelatinous matrix, hyaline, thin-walled.

Status: Because no basidiospores were observed in the holotype specimen, our concept of the species is derived from examination of additional material, including a paratype specimen and a specimen collected in 1980 from the same substrate material near the type locality in Argentina. In combination, the sessile or pseudostipitate basidiomes with strongly gelatinized tramal tissues and triangular basidiospores indicate that the species is best retained in the genus Campanella . There is some confusion concerning the presence or absence of apically incrusted metuloid hymenial cystidia reported in the protologue as they were not observed by Desjardin in any of the specimens cited above, although Horak (1983) reported their presence.

Figures

FIGURE 9. Anatomical features for:Campanella dendrophora (Singer M706—Paratype a, d; Horak ZT393 b, e; Singer M746—Holotype c). a–b. Basidiospores. c–e. Hymenial cystidia. Campanella diplocystis (Singer B3025—Holotype f–g). f. Basidiospores. g. Pileipellis terminal cells. Campanella simulans (Copelomo 1268—Holotype h–j). h. Basidiospores. i. Basidia. j. Hymenial cystidia. Scale bar = 10 μm. Illustrated by D.E. Desjardin.