Pyrrhalta ishiharai Kimoto, 1976

Lee, Chi-Feng & Bezdek, Jan, 2021, Revision of the genera Xanthogaleruca Laboissiere, 1932 and Pyrrhalta Joannis, 1865 (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, Galerucinae) of Taiwan, with type designation of Galerucella lineatipes Takei, ZooKeys 1039, pp. 1-108 : 1

Pyrrhalta ishiharai Kimoto, 1976 Figs 26D , 34A-C , 35 , 37F

Pyrrhalta aurata : Kimoto, 1976: 4 (Taiwan). Misidentification (after Kimoto 1994)!

Pyrrhalta ishiharai Kimoto, 1994: 191; Kimoto and Chu 1996: 56 (catalogue); Kimoto and Takizawa 1997: 300 (key), 373; Beenen 2010: 452 (catalogue); Xue and Yang 2010: 124 (catalogue); Yang et al. 2015: 117 (catalogue).

Types.

Holotype ♀ (EUMJ, by original designation): "(TAIWAN) / Kueishan [龜山] / ~ Wulai [烏來] / Taipei Hsien / 5. VI, 1970 / Y. Hori leg. [p, w] // Pyrrhalta / Pyrrhalta ishiharai / Kimoto, n. sp [h] / Det. S. Kimoto, 19[p]93 [h, w] // msp [h, w] // PHOTO [p, r] // HOLOTYPE [p, r]". Paratype. 1♀ (KMNH): "NANSHANCHI [南山溪] / TAIWAN / 2. V. 1982 / F. KIMURA [p, y] // Pyrrhalta / Pyrrhalta ishiharai / Kimoto, n. sp [h] / Det. S. Kimoto, 19[p]93 [h, w] // PARATYPE [p, b]".

Other material.

Taiwan. Hsinchu: 1♂, 1♀ (TARI), Chienshih (尖石), 10.VII.2010, leg. M.-H. Tsou ; 1♂ (TARI), same locality, 5.VIII.2012, leg. Y.-L. Lin ; Nantou: 1♂ (NMNS), Chunyang (春陽), 7.I. -13.II.2003, leg. C. S. Lin & W. T. Yang ; Taipei: 2♀ (TARI), Fushan (福山), 26.VI.2011, leg. M.-H. Tsou ; 2♂, 1♀ (TARI), same but with “8.VII.2011”; 3♂, 3♀ (TARI), same but with “21.VI.2015”; 2♂, 2♀ (TARI), Hsinhsien (信賢), 8.VII.2011, leg. M.-H. Tsou ; 4♂, 3♀ (TARI), same but with “6.VII.2019”; 4♂, 2♀ (TARI), same but with 7.VII.2019 "; 3♂ (TARI), same but with “27.VI.2020”; 1♂, 1♀ (TARI), same but with “5.VII.2020”; 4♂, 3♀ (TARI), Wulai (烏來), 8.VII.2011, leg. M.-H. Tsou ; 1♂, 1♀ (TARI), same but with “17.VI.2018”; 1♂, 7♀ (TARI), same but with “27.VI.2020”; 5♂, 8♀ (TARI), same but with “5.VII.2020”; Taitung : 2♂ (TARI), Liyuan (栗園), 19.VI.2013, leg. Y.-T. Chung ; 2♂ (TARI), same but with "leg. B.-X. Guo " .

Redescription.

Length 4.8-5.1 mm, width 2.3-2.5 mm. Body color (Fig. 34A-C ) yellowish brown; vertex with one dark spot at center; antennae dark brown, but four or five basal antennomeres basally paler; pronotum with three black spots, one elongate spot at center, one pair laterally; scutellum basally darker; four pairs of transverse dark spots on elytra, one pair near base and behind scutellum, three pairs at basal 2/5, 3/5, 4/5 respectively, intercepted by two pairs of longitudinal yellowish brown ridges, all dark spots poorly defined; meso- and metathoracic ventrites darker; apical 2/3 of tibiae and entire tarsi black except inner side of protibia. Eyes small, interocular space 2.35-2.38 × diameter of eye. Antennae filiform in males (Fig. 35A ), length ratios of antennomeres I-XI 1.0: 0.6: 0.9: 0.7: 0.7: 0.7: 0.6: 0.6: 0.6: 0.6: 0.9, length to width ratios of antennomeres I-XI 3.1: 2.1: 3.2: 2.5: 2.4: 2.1: 1.8: 1.8: 1.8: 1.6: 2.2; filiform in females (Fig. 35B ), length ratios of antennomeres I-XI 1.0: 0.6: 0.7: 0.7: 0.6: 0.6: 0.6: 0.6: 0.5: 0.5: 0.8, length to width ratios of antennomeres I-XI 3.4: 2.5: 2.9: 2.8: 2.2: 1.7: 1.6: 1.6: 1.5: 1.4: 2.3. Pronotum and elytra convex. Pronotum 1.7-1.9 × wider than long, disc with reticulate microsculpture; coarse, extremely dense punctures, and extremely short pubescence; with median longitudinal and lateral depressions; lateral margins angular, widest at apical 1/3, apical and basal margins truncate; posterior setiferous punctures strongly erect. Elytra elongate, broad, parallel-sided, 1.5 × longer than wide; disc with reticulate microsculpture and coarse, extremely dense punctures and short pubescence; with two pairs of long longitudinal ridges near suture, apically abbreviated; several oblique ridges exterior to longitudinal ridges. Apical spur of middle tibia of middle small (Fig. 35E ), tarsomere I with a small tooth at middle ventrally in males (Fig. 35H ). Aedeagus (Fig. 35C, D ) slender in dorsal view, 5.9 × longer than wide, sides asymmetric, widest at middle, apex angular; strongly curved near base in lateral view, weakly recurved apically, apex acute; ostium longitudinal, not covered by membrane; two endophallic sclerites elongate, apex of primary endophallic sclerite with several teeth, 0.6 × as long as aedeagus, secondary sclerite much shorter, 0.7 × as long as primary sclerite, apex acute, with one additional tooth near apex. Only apices of gonocoxae (Fig. 35K ) sclerotized and longitudinal, with dense, long setae along lateral and apical margins. Ventrite VIII (Fig. 35F ) narrow; disc with several long setae and dense short setae along apical margin; spiculum long. Receptacle of spermatheca (Fig. 35G ) very swollen; pump short and strongly curved; sclerotized proximal spermathecal duct wide and short. Apical margin of abdominal ventrite V slightly concave, with deeply rounded depression at middle in males (Fig. 35J ); slightly concave in females (Fig. 35I ).

Remarks.

Adults of P. ishiharai Kimoto and P. wulaiensis sp. nov. are easily separated from other species within the species group by the longitudinal ridges on the elytra (Fig. 34 ) and the angular apices of the aedeagi (Figs 35C , 36C ). Pyrrhalta ishiharai is distinguished from P. wulaiensis sp. nov. by the larger body size (Fig. 37F ), 4.8-5.1 mm long (3.3-3.7 mm long in P. wulaiensis sp. nov.), dark spots present between the longitudinal ridges on the elytra (Fig. 34A ) (dark spots absent between longitudinal ridges on elytra in P. wulaiensis sp. nov. Fig. 34D ), apical spine present on tibia (Fig. 35E ) and modified tarsomere I of middle leg (Fig. 35H ) in males (lacking apical spine on tibia and normal tarsomere I of middle leg in males of P. wulaiensis sp. nov.), longitudinal ostium and aedeagus recurved in apical 1/3 (Fig. 35C, D ) (transverse ostium and aedeagus curved at middle in P. wulaiensis sp. nov. (Fig. 36C, D )), longitudinally cylindrical gonocoxae with dense, long setae (Fig. 35K ) (transversely rounded gonocoxae with scattered short setae in P. wulaiensis sp. nov. (Fig. 36I )).

Food plant.

Adults feed on flowers of Meliosma rhoifolia Maxim. ( Sabiaceae ) (Fig. 26D ).

Distribution.

The species is widespread at lowlands (0-1,500 m) in Taiwan.

Figures

Figure 26. Field photographs of adults of Pyrrhalta species on host plants A P. tsoui Bezdek & Lee B P. formosanensis sp. nov. C P. semifulva (Jacoby) D P. ishiharai Kimoto.

Figure 34. Habitus of Pyrrhalta ishiharai Kimoto and P. wulaiensis sp. nov. A P. ishiharai, female, typical form, dorsal view B ditto, ventral view C ditto, lateral view D P. wulaiensis sp. nov., female, dorsal view E ditto, ventral view F ditto, lateral view.

Figure 35. Diagnostic characters of Pyrrhalta ishiharai Kimoto A antenna, male B antenna, female C aedeagus, dorsal view D ditto, lateral view E apex of tibia of middle leg, male F abdominal ventrite VIII G spermatheca H tarsi of middle leg, male I abdominal ventrite V, female J abdominal ventrite V, male K gonocoxae.

Figure 36. Diagnostic characters of Pyrrhalta wulaiensis sp. nov. A antenna, male B antenna, female C aedeagus, dorsal view D ditto, lateral view E abdominal ventrite VIII F spermatheca G abdominal ventrite V, female H abdominal ventrite V, male I gonocoxae.

Figure 37. Field photographs of Pyrrhalta wulaiensis sp. nov. on host plant A egg B third-instar larva C mature larva D pupa E adult F adults: P. wulaiensis sp. nov. (left) and P. ishiharai (right).