Andrena intermedia Thomson, 1870

Praz, Christophe, Genoud, David, Vaucher, Killian, Benon, Dimitri, Monks, Joseph & Wood, Thomas J., 2022, Unexpected levels of cryptic diversity in European bees of the genus Andrena subgenus Taeniandrena (Hymenoptera, Andrenidae): implications for conservation, Journal of Hymenoptera Research 91, pp. 375-428 : 375

Andrena intermedia Thomson, 1870

Figs 14 , 24 , 40 , 50

Andrena intermedia Thomson, 1870: 154, ♀ ♂, “Norrland” [Sweden]. Lectotype ♀, by designation of Niemelä 1949: 108; see also Nilsson 2010: 80 (ZML).

Material examined

(Suppl. material 2: Table S2). Italy • ♀; Basilicata, Monte Pollino ; 39.904°N, 16.181°E; 4.7.2011; leg. Trunz, Litman, Praz; unique identifier: GBIFCH00117719 (PRUN) [DNA extraction number 1424]; 1♀ 2♂; Basilicata, Monte Pollino; 39.904°N, 16.181°E; 4.7.2011; leg. Trunz, Litman, Praz (PRUN) • 2♂; Abruzzo, Maiella, Blockhaus; 42.1442°N, 14.1119°E; 28.6.2011; leg. Trunz, Litman, Praz (PRUN) .

Spain • ♂; Sierra Nevada , El Dornajo, 1700 m; 37.132335°N, - 3.439249°E; 6.6.2021; leg. T.J. Wood; unique identifier: TJW0398 (TJWC) [DNA extraction number 2264] • ♂; Cuenca , Cueva de los Morceguillos; 40.181797°N, - 2.01305°E; 21.6.2021; leg. T.J. Wood; unique identifier: TJW0460 (TJWC) [DNA extraction number 2270] .

Distribution.

Northern and Central Europe, restricted to mountainous areas in Southern Europe.

Pollen preferences.

Probably oligolectic on Fabaceae ( Westrich 1989).

Phenology.

Univoltine, from early May until July depending on the elevation. According to Niemelä (1949), this species is active a little earlier than Andrena gelriae , which is in agreement with the occurrences from Switzerland, where the main flight period extends from early May until the end of July. In one locality in Southern Italy (Monte Pollino), males of A. intermedia and A. gelriae were observed on the same day in early July.

Note.

Andrena intermedia did not form a monophyletic group in our phylogenetic tree (Fig. 2 ) due to the placement of two specimens from Spain; these two specimens (numbers 2264 and 2270 in Fig. 2 ) were more closely related to A. contracta and A. levante , respectively, than to central European populations of A. intermedia , although morphologically they can be identified as A. intermedia due to their genital capsule which has both the gonocoxa with inner margins that diverge apically, and a wide penis valve with a strongly broadened valve opening. However, there are slight differences in the overall construction of the genital capsule, as the inner margins of the gonocoxa diverge from their base, not from halfway between the base and the apex as in central European A. intermedia (Fig. 50 , compare illustrations in Wood 2022). Both male and female material also have terga with stronger and denser punctures than those of central European specimens. This case is further discussed below.

Diagnosis.

See Schmid-Egger and Scheuchl (1997), Amiet et al. (2010) and the identification key below.

Figures

Figure 2. Maximum clade credibility tree found in Bayesian analyses of sequence data of the mitochondrial gene COI, showing the phylogenetic relationships among the different species of Andrena subgenus Taeniandrena investigated in the present study. Numbers above branches represent posterior probabilities (values <0.5 are omitted). Taxa mentioned in the text are indicated by arrows or by vertical bars.

Figures 9 - 16. Terminal fringes of females of Taeniandrena 9 Andrena afzeliella 10 A. ovatula 11 A. antonellae sp. nov. 12 A. croceiventris 13 A. gelriae 14 A. intermedia 15 A. ovata 16 A. russula.

Figures 19 - 26. Metasomal terga 1 - 3 of females of Taeniandrena 19 Andrena afzeliella 20 A. ovatula 21 A. antonellae sp. nov. 22 A. croceiventris 23 A. gelriae 24 A. intermedia 25 A. ovata 26 A. russula.

Figures 35 - 44. Male antennae 35 Andrena afzeliella 36 A. ovatula 37 A. antonellae sp. nov. 38 A. croceiventris 39 A. gelriae 40 A. intermedia 41 A. ovata 42 A. russula 43 A. vocifera 44 A. wilkella.

Figures 45 - 54. Male genitalia 45 Andrena afzeliella 46 A. ovatula 47 A. antonellae sp. nov. 48 A. croceiventris 49 A. gelriae 50 A. intermedia 51 A. ovata 52 A. russula 53 A. vocifera 54 A. wilkella.