Zasmidium subsanguineum (Ellis & Everh.) U. Braun (2010: 103)

Świderska-Burek, Urszula, 2020, A taxonomic revision of Zasmidium species occurring in Poland, Phytotaxa 437 (4), pp. 237-244 : 240-241

Zasmidium subsanguineum (Ellis & Everh.) U. Braun (2010: 103) . ( Figs 3 , 4 )

≡ Cercospora subsanguinea Ellis & Everhart (1888: 4) .

≡ Ramularia subsanguinea (Ellis & Everh.) Karak. , in Vasilevsky & Karakulin (1937: 117).

≡ Ramularia subsanguinea (Ellis & Everh.) Savile (1957: 205) .

≡ Stenella subsanguinea (Ellis & Everh.) U. Braun (1993: 242) .

= Ramularia rubicunda Bresadola (1896: 200) .

Leaf spots amphigenous, subcircular to angular-irregular, at first yellow or yellowish brown, later with pale centre and brown margin. Caespituli usually hypophyllous, punctiform. Conidiophores in loose or dense fascicles, yellowish, olivaceous to olivaceous brown, arising from stromata through stomata or from superficial hyphae, straight, flexuous, geniculate-sinuous, mostly simple or branched, aseptate or pluriseptate, 15–85 × 2.5–5 µm; conidiogenous loci conspicuous, thickened and darkened. Conidia yellowish or pale olivaceous, cylindrical, mostly 1–3-septate, verruculose, ends rounded or truncate, catenate, sometimes in branched chains, 10–55 × 2–5.5 µm; hila thickened and darkened.

Examined collections:—On Maianthemum bifolium (L.) F.W. Schmidt ( Asparagaceae ). POLAND. Lublin Voivodeship: Kazimierz Dolny, 12 July 1923, leg. W. Siemaszko (WAUF) ( Konopacka 1924); Puławy, 25 July 1924 (WAUF), leg. N.N.; Zwierzyniec Reserve in the Roztocze National Park, 5 September 1975, leg. J. Sałata (LBL); Porytowe Wzgórze hill near Janów Lubelski, 13 September 1995, leg. W. Mułenko (LBL); Jaszczów near Milejów, 12 September 2008, leg. U. Świderska-Burek (LBL M−32413); Zemborzyce near Lublin, 13 September 2010, leg. U. Świderska-Burek (LBL M−32414); Zwierzyniec - Bukowa Góra Mt, 14 June 2012, leg. U. Świderska-Burek (LBL M−32415). Pomeranian Vovoideship: Gać in the Słowiński National Park, August 2001, leg. I. Adamska (SZPA 2322, as Cercospora maianthemi Fuckel ), July 2004, leg. I. Adamska (SZPA 4269); Kluki in the Słowiński National Park, September 2001, leg. I. Adamska (SZPA 2450). Subcarpathian Voivodeship: Łęka Reserve near Zaklików, 10 July 1996, leg. J. Romaszewska-Sałata (LBL). Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship: Janów commune near Częstochowa, 22 August 1998, leg. M. Ruszkiewicz (LOD 2714, 2715) ( Ruszkiewicz-Michalska 2006). West Pomeranian Voivodeship: Barnimie in the Drawno National Park, August 2004, leg. B. Czerniawska (SZPA 301), June 2005, leg. B. Czerniawska (SZPA 439).

Literature data:—On M. bifolium . POLAND. Kujawy Pomeranian Voivodeship: Obory near Lipno, June 1887, leg. A. Zalewski ( Wróblewski 1915). Lesser Poland Voivodeship: Czesław near Kraków, June 1907 ( Rouppert 1909); Tatra National Park: Droga pod Reglami tourist route, Warzecha, August 1909 ( Rouppert 1912); surroundings of Kraków ( Wróblewski 1925); surroundings of Szczawnica ( Starmachowa 1966). Lower Silesia Voivodeship: Duszniki Zdrój ( Laubert 1931). Lubelskie voivodeship: Reserve on the Czarne Sosnowieckie Lake, June 1981 –1984 ( Mułenko 1988). Podlaskie vovoideship: Białowieża National Park ( Mułenko 1996a,b). Pomeranian vovoideship: Dołgie Duże Lake in the Słowiński Natonal Park, August 1998 ( Adamska 2001, Adamska & Błaszkowski 2000). Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship: Święty Krzyż hill in the Świętokrzyskie Mountains, 22 August 1913 ( Zweigbaumówna 1916); Kielce ( Moesz 1926).

General distribution:— Austria, Belarus, Canada, Czech Republic, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Kazakhstan, Latvia, Lithuania, Russia, Slovakia, Sweden, Ukraine, USA ( Braun et al. 2014, Crous & Braun 2003, Farr & Rossman 2020).

Notes:—The fungus has been noted on M. bifolium (from Europe, Asia, and North America), M. canadense Desf. (from North America), M. dilatatum (Alph. Wood) A. Nelson & J.F. Macbr. (from North America and Asia), and M. racemosum subsp. amplexicaule (Nutt.) LaFrankie ( Braun 1998, Braun et al. 2014, Crous & Braun 2003, Farr & Rossman 2020). In Poland, the species is recorded quite frequently.

Additionally, another cercosporoid fungus, Cercospora maianthemi Fuckel , has been noted on Maianthemum . It differs in much longer and wider conidiophores (up to 175 µm long and 7.5 µm wide) and conidia (up to 150 µm long and 8 µm wide), which are also multiseptate (2–22-septate) ( Braun et al. 2014, Chupp 1954, Świderska-Burek 2015).

Figures

FIGURE 3. Zasmidiumsubsanguineum on Maianthemumbifolium (LBL, Łęka Reserve near Zaklików,10 July 1996, leg. J. Romaszewska- Sałata).A. Leaf spots. B. Conidiophores. C. Conidia. Scale bars: A = 20 mm; B, C = 20 μm. U. Świderska-Burek del.

FIGURE 4. Zasmidium subsanguineum on Maianthemum bifolium (LBL M−32415). A. Foliar disease symptoms. B. Conidium in SEM. C. Fascicle of conidiophores. D. Conidium.