Tanaecium kuhlmannii (J.C.Gomes) Frazao & L.G.Lohmann, 2019

Frazao, Annelise & Lohmann, Lucia G., 2019, An updated synopsis of Tanaecium (Bignonieae, Bignoniaceae), PhytoKeys 132, pp. 31-52 : 40

12. Tanaecium kuhlmannii (J.C.Gomes) Frazao & L.G.Lohmann comb. nov.

Basionym: Spathicalyx kuhlmannii J.C. Gomes, Arq. Srv. Fl., Rio de Janeiro 10: 200. 1956. Type: Brazil. Rio de Janeiro: Sumaré, 5 Dec. 1932, J.G. Kuhlmann s.n. (holotype, RB!; isotype, SPF!, K image!, MO!).

Habitat and distribution.

Tanaecium kuhlmannii is known from only a few localities within humid formations of the Atlantic Forest of Brazil (Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro).

Phenology.

Flowering: December; fruiting: January.

Notes.

Gomes (1956) originally described this species as Spathicalyx kuhlmannii J.C.Gomes, but Gentry (1977) synonymized it with Spathicalyx duckei (A.Samp.) A.H.Gentry. More recently, Lohmann and Taylor (2014) synonymized Spathicalyx with Tanaecium and recognized a single species, Tanaecium duckei (A. Samp.) L.G.Lohmann, following Gentry (1977). A detailed study of these taxa showed that apart from the allopatric distribution ( T. duckei is restricted to the Amazon, while T. kuhlmannii is restricted to the Atlantic Forest of Brazil), T. kuhlmannii can be distinguished by the patelliform glandular trichomes along the tertiary veins of leaflets (vs. absent in T. duckei ), and the ferrugineous stipitate glandular trichomes that cover the fruit surface (vs. ferrugineous stipitate glandular trichomes lacking in T. duckei ). Furthermore, T. kuhlmannii has leaflets with patelliform trichomes ≥ 0.45 mm in diameter abaxially (vs. leaflets with patelliform trichomes <0.45 mm in diameter abaxially in T. duckei ), that also show a protrusion at the patelliform insertion (vs. without protrusion at the patelliform insertion in T. duckei ), and anthers ≥ 7 mm long. (vs. anthers <7 mm long in T. duckei ). Based on these morphological features and distribution data, we here recognize both taxa as separate and propose the new combination Tanaecium kuhlmannii (J.C.Gomes) Frazão & L.G.Lohmann (Tab. 1 ).