Pachira endecaphylla (Vell.) Carv.-Sobr., Taxon 62: 816. 2013.

Carvalho-Sobrinho, Jefferson, Yoshikawa, Vania Nobuko & Dorr, Laurence J., 2021, Notes on Brazilian Pachira (Malvaceae, Bombacoideae) II: Additional typifications and new synonymies, PhytoKeys 186, pp. 53-72 : 53

Pachira endecaphylla (Vell.) Carv.-Sobr., Taxon 62: 816. 2013.

Fig. 2C

Bombax endecaphyllum Vell., Fl. Flumin.: 288. 1829 [1825], Ibid., Fl. Flumin. Icones 7: t. 50. 1831 [1827]. Pseudobombax endecaphyllum (Vell.) A. Robyns, Bull. Jard. Bot. État Bruxelles 33: 60. 1963.

Pachira stenopetala Casar., Nov. Stirp. Bras.: 21. 1842. Bombax stenopetalum (Casar.) K. Schum., in Martius, Fl. Bras. 12(3): 226, t. 45. 1886. Bombacopsis stenopetala (Casar.) A. Robyns, Bull. Jard. Bot. État Bruxelles 33: 221. 1963. Type: Brazil. "Occurrit passim prope Rio de Janeiro," s.d. [Nov 1838] (fl, fl), Casaretto Herb. No. 581 (lectotype, designated by Delprete et al. 2019, p. 802): TO [sheet No. 2] n.v.).

Pachira elegans Hooibr. ex Planch., Hort. Donat. 23. 1858, syn. nov. Type: Hort. Paris, 1854 [lf], without collector (lectotype, designated here: MPU barcode 761966).

Type.

Lectotype , designated here: "Monad. Polyand. BOMBAX endecaphyllum tab. 50" (original pen and ink drawing for the Flora Fluminensis preserved in the Manuscript Section , Biblioteca Nacional do Brasil, Rio de Janeiro [cat. no.: mss1198656_054]). Epitype : Brazil. Espírito Santo, Santa Leopoldina , Morro Agudo, propr. Dona Maria, 20°05'51"S, 40°25'44"W, 28 Jan 2008 (lf, fl), V. Demuner et al. 4907 (epitype, designated here: HUEFS; isoepitypes: MBML, HVASF n.v.) .

Note.

Carvalho-Sobrinho et al. (2013) accepted the “lectotype” designation of Robyns (1963, p. 61) for the name Bombax endecaphyllum , but Robyns selected one of the plates published in the Flora Fluminensis Icones (1831), which is not original material and thus his designation can be superseded ( Turland et al. 2018; Art. 9.19(a)). The published Vellozo plates were prepared and issued posthumously and there is no evidence that Vellozo ever saw them. Original pen and ink drawings that serve as the basis for these published plates, however, are archived in the Biblioteca Nacional do Brasil, Rio de Janeiro (see http://objdigital.bn.br/acervo_digital/div_manuscritos/mss1198656/mss1198656.htm).

Delprete et al. (2019) re-examined the typification of Pachira stenopetala and determined that the holotype cited by Carvalho-Sobrinho et al. (2013) did not agree with the protologue and they further established that the only original material available is the specimen in the Casaretto Herbarium (TO) that they designated as lectotype.

The specimen designated here as lectotype of Pachira elegans is labeled " Pachira? elegans , Daniel" in Planchon’s hand. It was collected in 1854 before the name was published and it is now in the Herbier Planchon (MPU). It therefore can be considered original material (see Turland et al. 2018; Art. 9.4(a)) even though it is labeled "Hort. Paris" and not Hortus Donatensis. In addition, although the specimen is sterile the description of setiform mucros terminating leaflet apices matches the physical specimen. The protologue also cites “Brésil. Rio de Janeiro, Gaudich. in Herb. Mus. Par.," which almost certainly is a reference to two collections made by Ch. Gaudichaud that have leaves that are superficially similar to Pachira endecaphylla . These collections (Gaudichaud 945 and 945bis) were discussed in detail by Carvalho-Sobrinho et al. (2013) who considered them both to be mixtures and who identified their flowers as Pseudobombax grandiflorum var. majus A. Robyns and their leaves as Jacaratia spinosa (Aubl.) A. DC. ( Caricaceae ). Since flowers are not mentioned in the protologue of Pachira elegans and the leaflets of the Gaudichaud collections do not have setiform mucros (and are from a different plant family), we do not think either Gaudichaud collection is suitable as a lectotype. Planchon (1858, p. 232) identified “Daniel” as the horticulturist Daniel Hooibrenk (1813-1895).

Figures

Figure 2. Pachira species A P. aquatica fruit B P. duckei fruit C P. endecaphylla leaves and flower D P. glabra leaves and flower E P. retusa habit F P. retusa leaves and fruit. Photographs A, D J. G. Carvalho-Sobrinho B C. E. Zartman C B. A. S. Pereira E M. C. Machado F L. P. Queiroz.