Caloptilia betulicola ( Hering, 1928 )

Kirichenko, Natalia, Triberti, Paolo, Akulov, Evgeniy, Ponomarenko, Margarita, Gorokhova, Svetlana, Sheiko, Viktor, Ohshima, Issei & Lopez-Vaamonde, Carlos, 2019, Exploring species diversity and host plant associations of leaf-mining micromoths (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) in the Russian Far East using DNA barcoding, Zootaxa 4652 (1), pp. 1-55 : 16

Caloptilia betulicola ( Hering, 1928)

( Fig. 10F )

Material examined. Russia: SO, Sakhalin Island, Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk, Gagarin Park , 46.96N, 142.75E, 69 m alt., Betula platyphylla , 11.VII.2017, 1 larva, NK622 , MK 403700 , deposited in INRA.

Leaf mine. The mine is a small, slightly contorted brown blotch with an inconspicuous epidermal corridor on the lower side of the leaf (rarely on the upper surface), along the main vein or near leaf margin. Black grains of frass are scattered inside mine along its margin.After vacating the mine, the larva feeds under a folded (or slightly rolled) leaf margin, usually on the same leaf, afterward moves to a neighbor leaf rolling a significant part of it downwards, starting either from the leaf tip, as observed in Europe ( Ellis 2018), or from the leaf margin as we noted in RFE ( Fig. 10F ). Pupation in a white shining cocoon attached to the leaf surface near leaf margin.

Trophic specialization. Monophagous on Betulaceae : Betula pendula , B. platyphylla , B. pubescens ( De Prins & De Prins 2018; Ellis 2018).

Distribution. Russia: RFE—AO, KK, SO (Sakhalin Islands), PK ( Ermolaev 1977; Baryshnikova & Dubatolov 2007; Baryshnikova 2008); Japan ( Kumata 1982), China (Baryshnikova 2016), Europe, Caucasus ( De Prins & De Prins 2018).

Figures

FIGURE 10. Mines, leaf shelters and pupation sites of Micrurapteryx and Caloptilia spp. from the Russian Far East. (A–B) Micrurapteryx caraganella, host plant Caragana arborescens; (C) M. gradatella, Vicia sp.; (D) Caloptilia acericola, Acer pseudosieboldianum; (E) C. alni, Alnus hirsuta; (F) C. betulicola, Betula platyphylla; (G) C. heringi, A. pictum; (H) C. stigmatella, Salix sp. Indications: (m) mine; (t) epidermal tunnel; (p) pupation site; (f) folded leaf margin or leaf tip; (r 1 –r 2) rolled leaf margin or leaf tip (the indexes 1 and 2 indicate the order of construction appearance); *mine of Diptera. Close up: (C, G, H) mine. Sampling locations: (A–C) AO, Skovorodino, 26.VI.2016; (D) PK, Gornotaezhnoe, MTS and forest, 22–27.VII.2016; (E–H) SO, Sakhalin Isl., Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk, 11–20.VII.2017.