Spirosperma ferox Eisen, 1879

Baturina, Maria A., Kaygorodova, Irina A. & Loskutova, Olga A., 2020, New data on species diversity of Annelida (Oligochaeta, Hirudinea) in the Kharbey lakes system, Bolshezemelskaya tundra (Russia), ZooKeys 910, pp. 43-78 : 43

41. Spirosperma ferox Eisen, 1879

Peloscolex ferox (Eisen, 1879)

Embolocephalus plicatus Randolph, 1892

Geographic distribution.

Holarctic species. In the Russian tundra: the Pechora River delta ( Baturina 2018), Lake Ambarty and some other lakes in the Korotaikha River basin ( Popchenko 1978), lakes of central part of Bolshezemelskaya tundra (Belyakov and Skvortsov 1994), lakes in the Malaya and Bolshaya Usa Rivers basins, as well as lakes in the Kara River basin ( Baturina et al. 2014b), lakes in the More-yu River basin ( Baturina and Loskutova 2010), the Norilsk group of lakes ( Vershinin 1960), northern part of Western Siberia ( Zaloznyj 1984), the Yamal Peninsula ( Stepanov 2016, 2017, 2018).

Location.

Lake Bolshoy Kharbey (67°34'34.3"N, 62°52'17.4"E; 67°35'27.5"N, 62°55'30.7"E; 67°34'3.5"N, 62°52'17.9"E; 67°33'48.2"N, 62°55'2.6"E; 67°32'44.2"N, 62°55'22.3"E; 67°32'50"N, 62°52'26.3"E; 67°31'38"N, 62°53'2.8"E; 67°32'22.1"N, 62°52'10.7"E); Lake Golovka (67°35'50"N, 62°55'25.3"E; 67°36'9.1"N, 62°55'50.6"E; 67°36'17.3"N, 62°56'13.1"E); Lake D1 (67°35'52.8"N, 62°53'52.6"E); Lake K1 (67°36'27.6"N, 62°51'58.4"E) Lake K2 (67°32'55.7"N, 62°51'39.7"E); Lake L (67°35'41.5"N, 62°49'34.7"E; 67°35'46"N, 62°49'44.8"E); temporary pond (67°58' N; 62°34'60"E).

Ecology.

This species is widespread in the area; it was found in most studied water bodies. It inhabits various grounds: stony, sandy, and muddy, often occurs on stones covered by moss or algae or submerged macrophytes (from the water edge up to 9.0 m). In most lakes, S. ferox is dominant in number.