Opsiphanes boisduvallii Doubleday, [1849]

Piovesan, Mônica, Casagrande, Mirna Martins & Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik, 2022, Systematics of Opsiphanes Doubleday, [1849] (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae, Satyrinae, Brassolini): an integrative approach, Zootaxa 5216 (1), pp. 1-278 : 82-89

Opsiphanes boisduvallii Doubleday, [1849]

( Figs 61–65 )

Opsiphanes boisduvallii Doubleday, [1849] . Gen. diurn. Lep. 1, pl. 57, fig. 1 (d); 1 female, Mexico.— Casagrande, 2004. Brassolini , in Lamas (ed.) Checklist: Part 4A, Hesperioidea-Papilionoidea, in Heppner (ed.). Atlas Neotrop. Lep. 5A, p. 204; syn.: boisduvalii , meropis , f. olivochroa.—Garwood & Lehman, 2005. Butt. Northeastern Mexico 2, p. 55 (figs female d, v).— Penz, 2007. Syst. Ent. 32 (4): 672, 675, 681, 684, figs 4 (male d, v), 11h (female gen.); phylog.— Austin et al., 2007. Bull. Allyn Mus. 150: 2, 15.—Brown et al., 2007. Biol. Jour. Linn. Soc. 92 (3): 472; genet.— Vargas-Fernández et al., 2008. Nymph. Mexico 2, p. 61, 185, pl. 19, figs 1, 2 (male d, v), 3 (female d).—Hernández-Baz et al., 2010. Marip. Veracruz, p. 94, pl. 45 (male d, v).— Penz et al., 2011. Zootaxa 2897: 10, 16.—J. Miller et al., 2012. Insecta Mundi 205: 57.— Penz et al., 2013. Syst. Ent. 38 (2): 318; phylog.—Penz & Mohammadi, 2013. Biota Neotrop. 13 (3): 162, 169, fig. 7j (male d).—J. de la Maza E. & R. G. de la Maza E., 2015, in Carabias, J. de la Maza E. & Cadena (eds.). Conserv. Desarr. sust. Selva Lacandona, p. 639.—R. G. de la Maza E. & J. de la Maza E., 2017. Rev. Soc. Mex. Lep. (n. s.) 5 (1): 22, 33.—Penz & Williams, 2020. Ann. Ent. Soc. Amer. 113 (3): 207.

Opsiphanes boisduvalii [sic]; Westwood, 1851, in Doubleday. Gen. Diurn. Lep. 2, p. 345; Mexico.—Lucas, 1851, in Chenu (ed.). Enc. d’Hist. nat., Pap. diurn., p. 170.—Herrich-Schäffer. 1865. Corr. Blatt zool. min. Ver. Regensburg 19 (5): 64.— Kirby, 1871. Syn. Cat. Diurn. Lep., p. 126.— Scudder, 1875. Proc. Amer. Ac. Arts & Sc. 10 (2): 224; type species: sallei .— Kirby, 1879. Cat. Coll. diurn. Lep. Hewitson, p. 107.—Staudinger, 1886, in Staudinger & Schatz. Exot. Schmett. 1 (15), pl. 72 (male d, v).— Staudinger, 1887, in Staudinger & Schatz. Exot. Schmett. 1 (18), p. 214.— Stichel, 1902. Berl. ent. Ztschr. 46 (4): 506, 523.— Stichel, 1904, in Wytsman. Gen. Ins. 20, p. 18.— Röber, 1906. Soc. ent. 21 (4): 27.— Stichel, 1909. Das Tierreich 25: 52, 60.— Fruhstorfer, 1912, in Seitz. Gross-Schmett. Erde 5, p. 295, pl. 62d (fig. male d).— Stichel, 1932. Lep. Cat. 51, p. 31.—Hemming, 1941. Jour. Soc. Bibl. Nat. Hist. 1 (11): 450.—Lewis, 1973. Butt. World, p. 29, fig. 17 (male d).— Ross, 1976. Jour. Res. Lep. 14 (2): 58.—Brown & Faulkner, 1982. Bull. Allyn Mus. 67: 3.— D’Abrera, 1987. Butt. Neotrop. Reg. 3, p. 412, 413 (figs male d, female v).—R. F. de la Maza R., 1987. Marip. Mexicanas, p. 96, pl. 27, fig. 4 (male d).— Bristow, 1991. Zool. Jour. Linn. Soc. 101 (3): 206, figs 1a (male d, v), 1b (female d, v).—Luis-Martínez et al., 1991. Publ. esp. Mus. Zool., Mexico, 3: 32, 91.—Balcázar, 1993. Trop. Lep. 4 (2): 102.—Berghe et al., 1995. Rev. Nica. Ent. 34: 39.— Llorente-Bousquets et al., 1996. Rev. Soc. Mex. Hist. Nat. 46: 45.—Warren et al., 1996. Dugesiana 3 (1): 14.—Warren et al., 1998. Jour. Lep. Soc. 52 (1): 63.—Maes, 1999. Cat. Ins. Art. Terr. Nicaragua 3, p. 1387; biol., ecol.—Monteagudo-Sabaté et al., 2001. Shilap Revta. lepid. 29 (115): 215.—Salinas-Gutiérrez et al., 2004. Jour. Lep. Soc. 58 (3): 136.—D’Abrera, 2005. World Butt., p. 95, 246, pl. 126, fig. 1 (female v).—Glassberg, 2007. Swift Guide Butt. Mexico and C. America (1 st ed.), p. 133 (figs male d, female v).— Penz et al., 2013. Syst. Ent. 38 (2): 325; phylog.—Glassberg, 2018. Swift Guide Butt. Mexico and C. America (2 nd ed.), p. 153 (figs male d, female v).— Matos-Maraví et al. 2021, Biol. Jour. Linn. Soc. 133 (3): 711, fig. 2 (phylogenetic tree); phylog.

Caligo meropis Westwood, 1851 (Boisduval in litt.). Gen. Diurn. Lep. 2, p. 345; nom. nud. (ICNZ, Art. 11.6.—as synonym of Opsiphanes boisduvalii [sic]).

Caligo boisduvalii [sic]; Boisduval, 1870. Cons. Lép. env. Guatemala, p. 55.

Opsiphanes boisduvali [sic]; Godman & Salvin, 1881. Biol. Centr.-Amer., Lep. Rhop. 1 (12), p. 126.— Aurivillius, 1882. Kongl. Svenska Akad. Handl. 19 (5): 76.—Godman, 1901, in Godman & Salvin. Biol. Centr.-Amer., Lep. Rhop. 2 (164), p. 664.— Young & Muyshondt, 1975. Stud. Neotrop. Fauna 10: 26.— Smart, 1975. Enc. Butt. World, p. 242, 243, figs 10 (male d), 11 (male v).— Blandin, 1977. Publ. Lab. Zool. l’École norm. sup., Paris, 9: 163, 172, 184, 200; biogeogr.—R. G. de la Maza E. & J. de la Maza E., 1988. Rev. Soc. Mex. Lep. 11 (2): 54.—R. G. de la Maza E. et al., 1989. Rev. Soc. Mex. Lep. 12 (2): 61.—R. G. de la Maza E. & J. de la Maza E., 1993. Marip. Chiapas, p. 183.—R. G. de la Maza E. & Soberón, 1998. Biodiv. Conserv 7 (7): 940; ecol.

Opsiphanes boisduvalii [sic] f. olivochroa C. C. Hoffmann, 1940 (Draudt in litt.). An. Inst. Biol. 11 (2): 671; nom. nud. (ICNZ, Art. 11.6.—as synonym of Opsiphanes boisduvalii [sic]).

Opsiphanes boisduvalli [sic]; Shirai et al., 2017. Ann. Ent. Soc. Amer. 110 (2): 147, 155, fig. 5 (phylogenetic tree); phylog.

Taxonomic history. Doubleday ([1849]) described by means of an illustration Opsiphanes boisduvallii (pl. 57, fig. 1); Westwood (1851) used the spelling Opsiphanes boisduvalii and complemented the description with the geographic distribution for Mexico. Bristow (1991) assumed that the correct spelling is Opsiphanes boisduvalii , not Opsiphanes boisduvallii , citing Westwood (1851) and subsequent authors, without considering the caption of plate 57 of Doubleday ([1849]): “ Opsiphanes boisduvallii Doubleday ”, which is therefore the original spelling.

Type material. Described based on an illustration of a [female] [holotype], sent by Boisduval to Doubleday ( Boisduval 1870). The description and geographical distribution were supplemented by Westwood (1851). The [holotype] is deposited at the NHMUK, with the following labels: / Holotype / Opsiphanes boisduvalii [sic] Doubl. G.D.L pl 57-1 / 56143/; the following labels will also be attached: / HOLOTYPUS / Holotypus Opsiphanes boisduvallii Doubleday, [1849] , Piovesan, Casagrande & O. Mielke det. 2022/ ( Fig. 65 ).

Diagnosis. Among the species described in Opsiphanes , the sympatric Opsiphanes boisduvallii and Opsiphanes blythekitzmillerae ( Austin et al. 2007) are notable for their predominantly orange coloration, but both were recovered in the “ quiteria group” ( Fig. 2 ) as closely related, with 2.1–2.2% genetic distance. Opsiphanes boisduvallii differs from Opsiphanes blythekitzmillerae in having the VHW with predominantly golden-yellow shades and the eyespot between Sc+R 1 and M 1 with a narrow dark-brown outline, not reaching M 1 ( Fig. 61a ).

Male genitalia. Tegumen in dorsal view with rounded anterior margin; anterior projection of saccus in lateral view less than twice as long as dorsal arms of saccus ( Fig. 62 ).

Female genitalia. Lamella antevaginalis membranous medially and sclerotized laterally; lamella postvaginalis rounded medially, three times the size of the ostium; ostium membranous; ductus bursae almost twice as long as the corpus bursa ( Fig. 63 ).

Variation. FW, length: male: 35–40 mm (n=10), female: 43–45 mm (n=5). DFW, size of the subapical spot on M 1 -M 2; VFW, with poorly or highly developed eyespots between M 2 and CuA 2. VHW, shape of the eyespots between Sc+R 1 and M 1, and between M 3 and CuA 2 ( Fig. 61 ).

Natural history. Occurs between May and November (R. F. de la Maza R. 1987), in hot xeric environments (R. G. de la Maza E. & J. de la Maza E. 2017).

Geographic distribution. Mexico (Ciudad de México, Chihuahua, Sinaloa, Nayarit, Tamaulipas, San Luis Potosí, Jalisco, Colima, Michoacán, Morelos, Guerrero, Oaxaca, Veracruz, Chiapas) ; Belize (Cayo) ; Guatemala (Alta Verapaz, Zacapa) ; Honduras (Cortés); Nicaragua ( Fig. 64 ). It occurs at altitudes between sea level and 1,500 m (R. G. de la Maza E. & J. de la Maza E. 1993) .

Temporal distribution. Throughout the year.

Etymology. Likely a tribute to Jean-Baptiste Alphonse Dechauffour de Boisduval.

Specimens examined. Photos of the [holotypus] of Opsiphanes boisduvallii Doubleday, [1849] , and the following specimens: MEXICO: no data, 1 male, B. Neumögen leg., USNMENT01590859 ( USNM) , 3 males, AMNH_IZC 00115296, 00115298, 00115300 ( AMNH) , 11-X, 2 females, F. W. Urich leg., USNMENT01590864, 01590865 ( USNM) , 2-XI-1973, 1 female, USNMENT01590866 ( USNM) , no state — San José , 1 male, T. Escalante leg., UFFLMNH MGCL 1103361 ( MGCL) . [ Río ] Balsas , 1 female, ex-coll. F. Johnson, AMNH_IZC 00115307 ( AMNH) . Ciudad de México — Coyoacán , 50 m, VII-1944, 1 male, M. Guerra leg., ex-coll. F. Johnson, AMNH_ IZC 00115290 ( AMNH) . Chihuahua — Cuiteco , 1-IX-1969, 1 male, UFFLMNH MGCL 1103340 ( MGCL) . Sinaloa — Concordia , 7-VIII-1980, 1 male, J. Sullivan leg., USNMENT01590858 ( USNM) . Nayarit —( 40 km NNW Tepic ), 210 m, 11-VIII-1973, 1 female, L. D. & J. Y. Miller leg., UFFLMNH MGCL 1103416 ( MGCL) ; Compostela , 8-VIII-1933, 1 male, ex-coll. A. B. Klots, AMNH_IZC 00115279 ( AMNH) . Tamaulipas — Cañón de Novillo , 4-VII-1978, 1 male, D. & J. Jenkins leg., UFFLMNH MGCL 1103356 ( MGCL) ; Río Sabinas , 29-I-2001, 1 male, UFFLMNH MGCL 1103337 ( MGCL), (El Entino) , 11-XI-1978, 1 female, E. Gage leg., ex-coll. G. T. Austin, UFFLMNH MGCL 1103407 ( MGCL) . San Luis Potosí — El Salto Falls , 26-XI-1977, 1 female, UFFLMNH MGCL 1103414 ( MGCL) ; Tamazunchale (4.8 mi W), 5-VIII-1981, 1 male, G. J. Harjes leg., UFFLMNH MGCL 1103332 ( MGCL) ; Ciudad Valles , 14-X-1976, 1 male, E. C. Knudson leg., UFFLMNH MGCL 1103338 ( MGCL) ; San Martín Chalchicuautla , 27-X-1975, 1 female, W. H. Howe leg., AMNH_IZC 00115310 ( AMNH) . Jalisco — El Salto, 20-VI-1977, 1 male, UFFLMNH MGCL 1103335 ( MGCL) . Colima —no locality, II-1917, 2 males, C. C. Hoffmann leg., AMNH_IZC 00115280, 00115299 ( AMNH) , 1 male, ex-coll. F. Johnson, AMNH_IZC 00115295 ( AMNH) , 500 m, 28-29-II-1968, 2 females, R. Wind leg., UFFLMNH MGCL 1103409, 1103411 ( MGCL) ; Comala , 640 m, 9-IX-1967, 1 female, R. Wind leg., UFFLMNH MGCL 1103406 ( MGCL) . Michoacán — San José Puruá , III-1949, 1 female, T. Escalante leg., UFFLMNH MGCL 1103420 ( MGCL) ; Coahuayana , VII-1950, 1 female, ex-coll. K. H. Wilson, UFFLMNH MGCL 1103412 ( MGCL) , VII-1950, 2 females, UFFLMNH MGCL 1103419, 1103417 ( MGCL) . Morelos —no locality, VIII-1969, 1 male, S. Kager leg., UFFLMNH MGCL 1103333 ( MGCL) ; Tlaquiltenango (Rancho Viejo) , 4-X-1977, 4 males, 9-XI-1982, 1 male, D. & J. Jenkins leg., UFFLMNH MGCL 1103363, 1103364, 1103376, 1103393, 1103398 ( MGCL) ; Yautepec , VII-1967, 2 males, Welling leg., DZ 40.570, 40.572 ( DZUP) . Guerrero —no locality, 1 male, B. Neumögen leg., USNMENT01590860 ( USNM) ; Taxco de Alarcón , 1 male, UFFLMNH MGCL 1103362 ( MGCL) ; Iguala de la Independencia , 1 male, 1 female, ex-coll. F. Johnson, AMNH_IZC 00115285, 00115312 ( AMNH) ; Acahuizotla , VIII-1944, 1 male, IX-1954, 1 male, X-1955, 1 male, T. Escalante leg., UFFLMNH MGCL 1103391, 1103366, 1103365 ( MGCL) , VII-1977, 1 female, X-1977, 1 male, Natives leg., UFFLMNH MGCL 1103421, 1103358 ( MGCL) . Oaxaca —no locality, X-1973, 1 male, USN- MENT00941162 ( USNM) , 1 female, USNMENT01590868 ( USNM) , 4-X-1971, 1 male, Welling leg., UFFLMNH MGCL 1103339 ( MGCL) ; Hotel Mansión Imperial , 27-XII-1979, 1 female, R. Holland leg., AMNH_IZC 00115309 ( AMNH) ; Yucunduchi , 1,900 m, 28-VI-1971, 1 female, Welling leg., DZ 40.576 ( DZUP) ; Candelaria Loxicha , 500 m, 3-XII-1967, 1 male, Welling leg., AMNH_IZC 00115308 ( AMNH) , 500 m, 10-XI-1969, 1 female, Welling leg., ex-coll. H. Ebert, DZ 40.566 ( DZUP) , 500 m, 11-VIII-1968, 1 male, 12-IX-1970, 1 female, 11-VIII-1978, 1 male, 7-VIII-1982, 1 male, 10-IX-1983, 1 male, 30-IX-1983, 1 female, Welling leg., DZ 40.573, 40.564, 40.571, 40.579, 40.581, 40.569 ( DZUP) , 500 m, 13-IX-1968, 1 female, Welling leg., UFFLMNH MGCL 1103402 ( MGCL) , 1,500 m, VII– VIII-1990, 1 female, Sergio, Carmelo, Lot leg., USNMENT00941525 ( USNM) ; Tlaxiaco (4,8 km S of Huajuapan), 1,500 m, 27–28-VII-1990, 1 male, USNMENT00941526 ( USNM) ; San Juan Bautista Valle Nacional ( San Mateo Yetla ), 100 m, 8-IX-1961, 1 male, Welling leg., AMNH_IZC 00115293 ( AMNH) ; San José Chiltepec , 2-VIII-1973, 1 female, Welling leg., DZ 40.565 ( DZUP), (San Isidro Naranjal) , 25-VIII-1982, 1 male, Kata leg., DZ 40.580 ( DZUP) ; Tuxtepec , X-1967, 5 male, A. Díaz-Francés leg., UFFLMNH MGCL 1103348–1103350, 1103374, 1103395 ( MGCL) . Veracruz —no locality, X-1963, 1 male, USNMENT01590861 ( USNM) , 5-X-1962, 1 male, G. N. Ross leg., UFFLMNH MGCL 1103331 ( MGCL) , IX-1964, 2 males, A. Díaz-Francés leg., UFFLMNH MGCL 1103383, 1103385 ( MGCL) , VII-1973, 3 males, 4 females, A. Díaz-Francés leg., ex-coll. Dartmouth, UF- FLMNH MGCL 1103381, 1103392, 1103397, 1103404, 1103405, 1103425, 1103427 ( MGCL); (San Carlos) , 1939, 1 male, Camelo leg., USNMENT01590855 ( USNM); (Dos Amates) , 15-IX-1969, 1 male, 17-IX-1969, 2 males, 18-IX-1969, 1 male, XII-1969, 1 male, R. Wind leg., UFFLMNH MGCL 1103380, 1103382, 1103388 –1103390 ( MGCL) ; Presidio , VIII-1940, 2 males, C. C. Hoffmann leg., AMNH_IZC 00115288, 00115297 ( AMNH) , IX-1947, 1 male, UFFLMNH MGCL 1103386 ( MGCL) , IV-1934, 1 female, IX-1935, 1 female, IX-1942, 1 female, V-1943, 1 male, X-1946, 1 female, VI-1947, 3 males, 2 females, T. Escalante leg., UFFLMNH MGCL 1103403, 1103422, 1103410, 1103384, 1103424, 1103336, 1103379, 1103387, 1103415, 1103428 ( MGCL) ; Orizaba , VII-1941, 1 female, T. Escalante leg., ex-coll. D’Almeida, DZ 40.568 ( DZUP) ; Córdoba , 5 males, 2 females, AMNH_IZC 00115281, 00115286, 00115291, 00115294, 00115302, 00115303, 00115306 ( AMNH) , 1 female, C. M. Holmes leg., AMNH_IZC 00115304 ( AMNH) , IX-1907, 2 females, C. C. Hoffmann leg., AMNH_IZC 00115311, 00115313 ( AMNH) ; Tezonapa ( Motzorongo ), VII-1906, 1 male, 1 female, R. Muller leg., USNMENT01590854, 01590867 ( USNM) ; Lerdo de Tejada , 20-X-1971, 1 female, Welling leg., DZ 40.567 ( DZUP) . Chiapas —no locality, 2 males, 1 female, ex-coll. F. Johnson, AMNH_IZC 00115287, 00115292, 00115305 ( AMNH) , 13-IX-1970, 1 male, 15–16-X-1970, 1 male, 2 females, 27–31-X-1970, 1 male, R. Wind leg., UFFLMNH MGCL 1103342, 1103345, 1103429, 1103413, 1103369 ( MGCL); (Pínola) , 18–22-VII-1969, 1 male, 22–25-IX-1969, 2 males, 1 female, R. Wind leg., UFFLMNH MGCL 1103355, 1103353, 1103396, 1103408 ( MGCL) ; Comitán ( Santa Rosa ), IX-1962, 1 female, UFFLMNH MGCL 1103418 ( MGCL) ; Ocosingo (San Quintín) , 9–11-IX-1970, 2 males, 12–14-IX-1970, 2 males, 17–20-IX-1970, 2 males, 29-VIII–2-IX-1971, 1 female, 12–22-IX-1971, 1 male, 1–15-VI-1972, 1 male, 8–11-VIII-1972, 1 male, 11-VIII-1972, 1 female, 4–12-VIII-1973, 1 male, 1 female, R. Wind leg., UFFLMNH MGCL 1103344, 1103370, 1103371, 1103368, 1103347, 1103367, 1103423, 1103357, 1103341, 1103359, 1103426, 1103343, 1103431 ( MGCL), (Campet) , 18–21-X-1969, 1 male, 8-XI-1969, 1 male, R. Wind leg., UFFLMNH MGCL 1103346, 1103352 ( MGCL), (El Ocotal) , 1-V-1972, 1 male, H. L. King leg., UFFLMNH MGCL 1103399 ( MGCL) ; Pichucalco , 18–24-VII-1973, 1 male, 1 female, R. Wind leg., UFFLMNH MGCL 1103354, 1103430 ( MGCL) . BELIZE: Cayo — San Luis, 600 m , 30-VIII-1965, 1 male, 27-VIII-1964, 1 male, R. Tut leg., OM 41.655, 41.879 ( DZUP —OM) . GUATEMALA: no data, 1 male, UFFLMNH MGCL 1103401 ( MGCL) , 1 male, MN 18.270 ( MNRJ) . Alta Verapaz — Tamahú , 1,100 m, 6-XI-1963, 1 male, Welling leg., AMNH_IZC 00115277 ( AMNH) ; San Cristóbal Verapaz ( Baleu ), 1,350 m, 25-IX-1966, 1 male, Welling leg., AMNH_IZC 00115278 ( AMNH) , 1,350 m, 23-VIII-1966, 1 male, 1 female, Welling leg., UFFLMNH MGCL 1103400, 1103432 ( MGCL) ; Zacapa — La Unión, 850 m, 20-X-1982, 1 female, Welling leg., UFFLMNH MGCL 1103433 ( MGCL) . HONDURAS: Cortés — San Pedro Sula , 15-XII-1974, 1 male, R. Lehman leg., USNMENT01590871 ( USNM) . NICARAGUA: no data, 1 male, ex-coll. H. Edwards, AMNH_IZC 00115276 ( AMNH) .

2. “ camena subgroup”

Species included:

6. Opsiphanes camena Staudinger, [1886]

Diagnosis. Opsiphanes camena Staudinger, [1886] , which resembles the “ sallei ” and “ quiteria ” subgroups in the crenulation of the HW outer margin, and the “ boisduvallii subgroup” in the abdominal scent organ formed by a plate in A4 ( Fig. 68b ), is distinguished from its congeners in having the DFW with an oblique band angled between M 1 and M 3 and interrupted in almost its entire length. DHW with a marginal and a submarginal band. VFW, on CuA 2 - 2A, with a dark “>”-shaped spot ( Fig. 66a ).

Figures

FIGURE 2. Phylogenetic tree (Maximum Likelihood) inferred with IQ-TREE based on six molecular markers: cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) (mitochondrial), elongation factor 1-alpha (EF-1α), ribosomal protein S5 (RpS5), wingless (wg), Car- bamoylphosphate synthase domain protein (CAD), Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) (nuclear), rooted in Catoblepia amphirhoe (Hübner, [1825]). Asterisk (*) indicates SH-aLRT> = 80% and UFboot> = 95%. The scale bar represents the expected number of nucleotide substitutions per site. Data of the specimens used are described in table 2.

FIGURE 61. Opsiphanes boisduvallii Doubleday, [1849]: Male, dorsal and ventral views: Mexico: a. (DZ 40.579-DZUP) Oaxaca, b. (FLMNH MGCL 1103385-MGCL) Veracruz; ventral view: c. (DZ 40.580-DZUP), d. (DZ 40.571-DZUP) Oaxaca, e. (FLMNH MGCL 1103341-MGCL), f. (AMNH_IZC 00115287-AMNH) Chiapas. Female, dorsal and ventral views: Mexico: g. (DZ 40.567-DZUP) Veracruz; ventral view: h. (USNMENT01590868-USNM) Oaxaca. The white arrow indicates the diagnostic character of the species.

FIGURE 62. Opsiphanes boisduvallii Doubleday, [1849]: Male: a. abdomen, lateral view, b. detail of the scent organ, lateral view; genitalia: c. dorsal view, d. ventral view, e. lateral view; aedeagus: f. dorsal view, g. ventral view, h. lateral view (DZ 40.571-DZUP); valva: i. (DZ 40.580-DZUP), j. (OM 41.879-DZUP—OM) variations of the dorso-distal portion. The gray arrow indicates one of the diagnostic characters of the “boisduvallii subgroup”.

FIGURE 63. Opsiphanes boisduvallii Doubleday, [1849]: Female genitalia: a. lateral view; b. detail of the signa; c. ventral view (MN 1902-MNRJ).

FIGURE 64. Geographical distribution of Opsiphanes boisduvallii Doubleday, [1849].

FIGURE 65. Opsiphanes boisduvallii Doubleday, [1849]. [Holotype] of Opsiphanes boisduvallii Doubleday, [1849]; a. dorsal view, b. ventral view.

FIGURE 66. Opsiphanes camena Staudinger, 1886: Male, dorsal and ventral views: Colombia: a. (DZ 48.800-DZUP) Cali, b. (personal collection of Indiana Cristóbal Ríos-Málaver) Caldas, Samaná, Florencia. White arrows indicate diagnostic characters of the species.

FIGURE 68. Opsiphanes camena Staudinger, 1886: Male: a. abdomen, lateral view, b. detail of the scent organ, lateral view; genitalia: c. dorsal view, d. ventral view, e. lateral view; aedeagus: f. dorsal view, g. ventral view, h. lateral view (DZ 48.800- DZUP). The gray arrow indicates one of the diagnostic characters of the “camena subgroup”.