Calythea cochlearis, Gomes & Carvalho, 2022

Gomes, Lucas Roberto Pereira & Carvalho, Claudio José Barros de, 2022, Taxonomy of the Neotropical species of Calythea (Anthomyiidae: Diptera), with description of two new species from South America, Revista Brasileira de Entomologia (e 20210102) 66 (1), pp. 1-11 : 7-8

Calythea cochlearis new species

urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:64E1A537-E4E1-4564-B65F-B76C90692EEC

( Figs. 2 , 4 e-h, 5a-c, 6)

Diagnosis. Calythea cochlearis new species can be separated from the other species of the genus in having the distance between the presutural acrostichal rows, at least the two first pairs, longer than their distance to dorsocentral rows; and postgonite bilobate.

Description. Male holotype. Body length: 4.2 mm. Wing length: 4.0 mm. Thorax black, silvery pruinose on postpronotal lobe and notopleuron; pronotum pruinose basally parallel to notopleural suture and extending to transverse suture ( Fig. 2b ). Calypters white with edge yellow. Halter basally brownish and yellow apically. Legs black with pulvillus yellowish. Abdomen black with silvery pruinose on tergites 2-5, forming two dorsal almost triangular spots, segments 3 and 4 with laterally and superiorly prolonged spots.

Head. Eyes bare. Frontal vitta very narrow, distance between eyes shorter than width of anterior ocellus ( Fig. 2a ). 6-7 pairs of frontal setae. Face projecting beyond frontal angle. Gena shorter than length of pedicel. Parafacialia very narrow, with about 1/5 of postpedicel width. Postpedicel twice longer than length of pedicel. Pedicel with a long dorsal seta, shorter than length of pedicel.

Thorax. 2 postpronotals; dorsocentrals 2+3; acrostichals 4+8 setulaelike, with only the prescutellar developed; prealar absent. Anepisternum with a row of 4 posterior setae and an upward anterior seta below anterior notopleural seta. Scutellum with a pair of basal, preapical and apical setae; the apical seta almost twice as long as basal seta. Meron with a tuft of 4-6 setulae, located posteriorly below spiracle. Katepimeron with 6-9 setulae.

Legs. Fore tibia with 1 submedian p seta; 1 preapical d seta, and 1 apical pv; fore pretarsus with 1 basal v seta. Mid femur with 4 v setae at base; and 2 p preapical setae; midtibia with 1 median pv seta, 1 submedian p seta; preapical seta on av, d, pv, and v. Hind femur with 2 av rows, 1 long and stout and 1 long fine; 2 ad, 2 d, and 1 pd preapicals; 1pv row long and sparce setae; hind tibia with a submedian av, 1 supramedian and 1 submedian ad, and a long submedian pd seta three times longer than tibia width; preapical seta on av and d; hind pretarsus with 1 basal v seta.

Abdomen. With many covered setulae; sternite 1 setulose, setulae slightly longer than length of sternite; tergite 3-5 with long median and lateral marginal seta, terminal segment with apical and discal setae; sternite 5 quadrangular with a serrated edge on its posterior incision ( Fig. 4e ).

Terminalia. Cerci triangular from posterior view ( Fig. 4f ); surstyli, from posterior view, long and straight with an acute median projection on inner surface ( Fig. 4f ), and from lateral view, slightly curved and enlarged apically (spoon-like) ( Fig. 4g ); Hypopygium on lateral view with phalapodema long and slightly curved, pregonite with two long setae, postgonite bilobate with a median long seta and two apical setulae, epiphallus as long as postgonite, distiphallus very large and rounded ( Fig. 4h ).

Female. Similar to male, except: Body length: 4.0- 4.5 mm. Wing length: 3.8-4.0 mm. Thorax with 3 conspicuous dorsal stripes, the central stripe twice wider than the laterals and exceeding the line of acrostichal setae; and 2 dotted strips on dorsocentral setae region between the central stripe and the laterals ( Fig. 2e ). Scutellum fully covered by pruinose, except basally on lateral region and dorsally on the basal third. Anepisternum with a row of 3 posterior setae. Meron with a tuft of 3-4 setulae, located posteriorly below spiracle. Katepimeron with 4-5 setulae. Terminalia with cerci dilated distally, with long setae; epiproct subtriangular, as long as its wide; hypoproct subconical, twice longer than its wide; sternite 6 and 7 trapezoid; tergite 6 and 7 T-shaped dorsally; sternite 8 as long as tergite 8 ( Fig. 5 a-c).

Etymology. The specific epithet refers to the spoon-like shape of the surstyli in lateral view (latin word cochlearis = spoon). Gender neuter.

Material examined. Holotype. Brazil. Paraná. Jundiaí do Sul, Fazenda Monte Verde [-23.423531, -50.281910], Lev. Ent. PROFAUPAR, Malaise trap, 22.ix.1986 ( DZUP 099249 ).

Paratypes (n= 55). Argentina: Tucumán, V.Padre Monti, Burruyacú [-26.4998, -64.7412], R. Golbach, 17.i–7.ii.1948, 1♂ ( DZUP) ; Brazil: Maranhão. Parque Estadual Mirador, Base da Geraldina [-6.623888, -45.869166], J. A. Rafael & F. L. Oliveira, 28–30.ix.2006, 1♀ ( INPA) ; Mato Grosso do Sul. Bodoquena Fazenda California [-20.698333, -51.881955], Van Someren modified, Lamas, C. J. E., 07–08.viii.2011, 1♀ ( MZUSP) ; Minas Gerais. Araxá [-19.5934, -46.9411], C. T. & C. Elias, 22.xi.1965, 1♂ ( DZUP 099242 ) ; Viçosa [-20.7536, -42.8761], G. R. Lima, 12.viii.1986 (Nº68), 1♂ ( DZUP) ; Paraná. Guarapuava, Est.Sta. Clara [-25.632814, -51.964977], Lev. Ent. PROFAUPAR, 15.ix.1986, 1♀ ( DZUP 099273 ) ; Jundiaí do Sul, Fazenda Monte Verde [-23.423531, -50.281910], Lev. Ent. PROFAUPAR, Malaise trap, 02.xi.1987, 1♀ ( DZUP 099276 ) ; same label information, except: 22.ix.1986, 1♀ ( DZUP 099280 ) ; 07.ix.1987, 1♀ ( DZUP 099281 ) ; light trap, 04.x.1986, 2♂♂ ( DZUP 099241 ; 099248); light trap, 02.ix.1986, 1♂ ( DZUP 099243 ) ; Palmas, Linha Alegre, Fazenda Cerro Chato [-26.50252, -51.67033], Malaise, 1224m, M. Savaris & A. L. Norrbom, 3-4.iii.2015, 3♂♂ and 2♀♀ ( DZUP) ; Ponta Grossa, V. Velha , IAPAR [-25.244012, -50.011530], Ganho & Marinoni, Malaise trap, 06.ix.1999, 1♀ ( DZUP 099274 ) ; same label information, except: 10.vii.2000, 2♀♀ ( DZUP 058573 , 099275 ) ; 01.xi.1999, 1♀ ( DZUP) ; 28.viii.2000, 1♀ ( DZUP) ; Lev. Ent. PROFAUPAR, 18.viii.1986, 1♀ ( DZUP 463152 ) ; Lev. Ent. PROFAUPAR, 01.x.1986, 1♀ ( DZUP 058557 ) ; light trap, Lev. Ent. PROFAUPAR, 04.viii.1986, 1♀ ( DZUP 099279 ) ; Lev. Ent. PROFAUPAR, 04.x.1986, 1♂ ( DZUP 058550 ) ; Telêmaco Borba, Res. Biol. Klabin [-24.297941, -50.618785], Malaise trap, Lev. Ent. PROFAUPAR, 12.x.1987, 1♀ ( DZUP 058495 ) ; Piauí. Guaribas, Parque Nacional Serra das Confusões, Andorinha ; 09º08’27.8”S; 43º33’42.1”W, 515m, Malaise trap, J. A. Rafael & F. Limeira-de-Oliveira, 01–10.ix.2013, 1♂ ( CZMA) . Same label information, except: 11–20.viii.2013, 1♂ ( CZMA) ; 20–31.viii.2013, 1♂ ( DZUP) ; Piracuruca, P. N. de Sete Cidades, Posto ICMBio, 04º05’57”S; 41º42’34”W, F. Limeira-de-Oliveira & J. S. Pinto Júnior, 01–14.ii.2013, 1♂ ( CZMA) ; Rio Grande do Sul. Quaraí [-30.384608, -56.448744], J. R. Cure, 21.xi.1985, 2♂♂ and 4♀♀ ( DZUP 099239–40 , 099269 , 099277 , 462901 , 462909 ) ; Santa Catarina. Nova Teutônia [-27.1833, -52.3833], 300–500 m, Fritz Plaumann, 6.v.1961, 1♀ ( MZUSP) ; São Paulo. São Carlos, EMBRAPA, Faz. Canchim [-21.954680, -47.847250], Airton S. Soares, xii.2010, 9♂♂ and 7♀♀ ( MZUSP, 5♂♂ and 4♀♀; DZUP, 4♂♂ and 3♀♀) ; Sergipe. Canindé do São Francisco, Res. CHESF, Tabuleiro Argiloso Plano , área 1 [-9.6296, -37.8028], Malaise trap, Luciana Ianuzi, 14.ix.2000, 1♂ Projeto Xingó ( DZUP) .

Non-type material. Rio Grande do Sul. Quaraí [-30.384608, -56.448744], J. R. Cure, 19-20.xi.1985, 2♂♂ ( DZUP 099251–52 ) .

Distribution. Argentina (Tucumán) and Brazil (Mato Grosso do Sul, Minas Gerais, Paraná, Piauí, Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina, São Paulo, Sergipe) ( Fig. 6 ).

Remarks. Two male specimens from Quaraí (Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil) have the surstyli slightly narrower, this was considered as morphological variation and these specimens were not included as paratypes.

Figures

Figure 2 Calythea cochlearis new species Male: head, frontal view (A); habitus, dorsal view (B); habitus, lateral view (C); Female: head, frontal view (D); habitus, dorsal view (E); habitus, lateral view (F). Bar= 0.5 mm.

Figure 4 Calythea male terminalia: C. andina new species: sternite 5, dorsal view (A); epandrium, cerci and surstyli dorsal (B) and lateral (C) view; aedeagus and associated structures, lateral view (D). Calythea cochlearis new species: sternite 5, dorsal view (E); epandrium, cerci and surstyli dorsal (F) and lateral (G) view; aedeagus and associated structures, lateral view (H). Calythea comis: sternite 5, dorsal view (I); epandrium, cerci and surstyli dorsal (J) and lateral (K) view; aedeagus and associated structures, lateral view (L).Calythea crenata: sternite 5, dorsal view (M); epandrium,cerci and surstyli dorsal (N) and lateral (O) view; aedeagus and associated structures, lateral view (P).Calythea micropteryx: sternite 5, dorsal view (Q); epandrium, cerci and surstyli dorsal (R) and lateral (S) view; aedeagus and associated structures, lateral view (T).

Figure 5 Ovipositor Calythea. C. cochlearis new species: lateral view (A), dorsal view (B) and ventral view (C); C. comis: lateral view (D), dorsal view (E) and ventral view (F); C. crenata: lateral view (G), dorsal view (H) and ventral view (I); C. micropteryx: lateral view (J), dorsal view (K) and ventral view (L).

Figure 6 Map of Calythea species from Neotropical region. Circles= literature records; triangle= new records.