Insulaphylus cruz, WEIRAUCH, 2006

WEIRAUCH, CHRISTIAN E., 2006, New Genera, New Species, and New Combinations in Western Nearctic Phylini (Heteroptera: Miridae: Phylinae), American Museum Novitates 3521 (1), pp. 1-44 : 13-15

Insulaphylus cruz , new species

Figures 1 , 2 , 4 , 6–9 , 11

HOLOTYPE: Male: USA: California: Santa Barbara Co. : Santa Cruz Island, 34.01667 ° N 119.71667 ° W, 23 Apr 1976 – 26 Apr 1976, J. D. Pinto, Quercus agrifolia (Fagaceae) ( AMNH _ PBI 00082341) ( UCR).

DIAGNOSIS: Distinguished from Insulaphylus meridianus , new species, by the larger size (3.82–4.33 mm) and details of the male vesica (fig. 4), especially the larger size, stouter appearance, less strongly twisted basal half, and secondary gonopore facing left. Other than the sympatric Quernocoris caliginosus , new species, where only the pronotum is at least somewhat spotted, I. cruz has spots on the pronotum, but also on the mesoscutum and scutellum.

DESCRIPTION: Male: As in generic description, total length 3.82–4.33, length from apex of clypeus to cuneal fracture 2.30–2.57, width across pronotum 1.10–1.25. COLORATION (fig. 1): General coloration as in generic description. Head: As in generic description; antennal segments as in generic description; labium as in generic description. Thorax: As in generic description, with specimens usually light colored. Legs: As in generic description. Hemelytra: As in generic description. Abdomen: As in generic description. SURFACE AND VESTITURE (fig. 9C): Dorsum and hemelytra as in generic description. STRUC- TURE: Head (fig. 2C, 4): Head including eyes, antennae, and labium as in generic description. Thorax: Thorax including hemelytra and legs as in generic description. Abdomen: As in generic description. GENI- TALIA (fig. 4): As in generic description, with vesica rather large, of moderate stoutness, shaft not strongly twisted, and secondary gonopore facing left.

FEMALE (fig. 1): As in generic description. Total length 3.81–4.15, length from apex of clypeus to cuneal fracture 2.73–2.95, width across pronotum 1.25–1.39. GENITALIA (fig. 6): Vestibulum with broad distal and Sshaped slender proximal portion, bursa copulatrix large, with the posterior margin distinctly rounded, sclerotized rings large and slender.

ETYMOLOGY: Named for Santa Cruz Island in California, Santa Barbara County. The gender of the name is masculine.

HOSTS: Known from Quercus agrifolia Née , Q. dumosa Nutt. (Fagaceae) , and Prunus lyonii (Eastw.) (Rosaceae) .

DISTRIBUTION: Known only from Santa Cruz Island in California (fig. 11).

DISCUSSION: On Santa Cruz Island, I. cruz is sympatric with and shares the same host as the similar but darker Quernocoris caliginosus , new species, and the two species share the same host.

PARATYPES: USA: California: Santa Barbara Co. : Santa Cruz Island, 34.01667 ° N 119.71667 ° W, 23 Apr 1976 – 26 Apr 1976, J. D. Pinto, Quercus agrifolia (Fagaceae) , 13 (AMNH_PBI 00082343), 1♀ (AMNH_PBI 00082348) (AMNH). Quercus agrifolia (Fagaceae) , 153 (AMNH_PBI 000- 82331–AMNH_PBI 00082340, AMNH_PBI 000- 82342, AMNH_PBI 00082344–AMNH_PBI 000- 82347), 9♀ (AMNH_PBI 00082349–AMNH_PBI 00082350, AMNH_PBI 00082443–AMNH_PBI 00082446, AMNH_PBI 00082451–AMNH_PBI 00082452, AMNH_PBI 00082720) (UCR); 24 Mar 1941, G. P. Kanakoff, Quercus sp. (Fagaceae) , 23 (AMNH_PBI 00074192, AMNH_PBI 000- 74193), 2♀ (AMNH_PBI 00074194, AMNH_PBI 00074195) (LACM); 15 Apr 1983, M. L. May, 1♀ (AMNH_PBI 00082447) (UCR). Santa Cruz Island, Albert’s Ridge, 34.01667 ° N 119.71667 ° W, 27 Apr 1966, J. Powell, 103 (AMNH_PBI 000- 79188–AMNH_PBI 00079189, AMNH_PBI 000- 79227–AMNH_PBI 00079232, AMNH_PBI 000- 79585, AMNH_PBI 00079598), 2♀ (AMNH_PBI 00079233, AMNH_PBI 00079234) (UCB); 27 Apr 1966, J. Slater, 53 (AMNH_PBI 00079203– AMNH_PBI 00079207), 1♀ (AMNH_PBI 000- 79225) (UCB). Santa Cruz Island, Can del Medio, 34.01667 ° N 119.71667 ° W, 29 Apr 1969, S. K. Senser, 13 (AMNH_PBI 00074611) (UCD); 26 Apr 1969, S. K. Senser, 13 (AMNH_PBI 00074613), 1♀ (AMNH_PBI 00074614) (UCD). Santa Cruz Island, Canyon Del Medio, 34.01667 ° N 119.71667 ° W, 28 Apr 1969, D. S. Horning, 1♀ (AMNH_PBI 00074620) (UCR); 29 Apr 1969, D. R. Miller, 13 (AMNH_PBI 00074619) (UCD). Santa Cruz Island, Cascada, 34.01667 ° N 119.71667 ° W, 28 Apr 1969, S. K. Senser, 23 (AMNH_PBI 00074609, AMNH_PBI 00074610) (UCD); 1 May 2000, J. Powell, Light Trap, 1♀ (AMNH_PBI 00079271) (UCB). Santa Cruz Island, Central Valley, 34.01861 ° N 119.68083 ° W, 23 Apr 1976, J. D. Pinto, 13 (AMNH_PBI 00082450) Quercus dumosa (Fagaceae) , 13 (AMNH_PBI 00082718) (UCR); 25 Apr 1966, P. Rude, 163 (AMNH_PBI 00079209–AMNH_PBI 00079213, AMNH_PBI 00079238–AMNH_PBI 00079247, AMNH_PBI 00079586), 1♀ (AMNH_PBI 00079248) (UCB); 25 Apr 1966, J. Slater, 13 (AMNH_PBI 00079358), 1♀ (AMNH_PBI 000- 79359) Quercus sp. (Fagaceae) , 63 (AMNH_ PBI 00079214–AMNH_PBI 00079219), 1♀ (AMNH_PBI 00079220) (UCB). Santa Cruz Island, Central Valley, 34.01667 ° N 119.71667 ° W, 29 Apr 1966, J. Powell, 53 (AMNH_PBI 00079181–AMNH_PBI 00079184, AMNH_PBI 00079599), 5♀ (AMNH_PBI 00079185–AMNH_ PBI 00079187, AMNH_PBI 00079601–AMNH_ PBI 00079602) (UCB); 27 Apr 1966, P. Rude, Prunus lyonii (Rosaceae) , 153 (AMNH_PBI 00079190–AMNH_PBI 00079202, AMNH_PBI 00079252–AMNH_PBI 00079253), 1♀ (AMNH_ PBI 00079208) (UCB); 28 Apr 1966, P. Rude, 13 (AMNH_PBI 00079254) (UCB); 23 Apr 1976 – 26 Apr 1976, J. D. Pinto, Quercus dumosa (Fagaceae) , 13 (AMNH_PBI 00082353), 1♀ (AMNH_PBI 00082355) (AMNH). 23 (AMNH_PBI 00082351, AMNH_PBI 00082360), 2♀ (AMNH_PBI 00082361, AMNH_PBI 00082373) Quercus dumosa (Fagaceae) , 13 (AMNH_PBI 00082352), 3♀ (AMNH_PBI 00082354, AMNH_PBI 00082356– AMNH_PBI 00082357) (UCR); 23 Apr 1976 – 26 Apr 1976, B. A. Bowers, 13 (AMNH_PBI 00082358), 1♀ (AMNH_PBI 00082359) (UCR). Santa Cruz Island, Field Station, 34.01667 ° N 119.71667 ° W, 23 Apr 1976 – 26 Apr 1976, J. D. Pinto, 1♀ (AMNH_PBI 00082362) (UCR); 16 Apr 1983, J. S. Bradberry, 2♀ (AMNH_PBI 00082448, AMNH_PBI 00082449) (UCR). Santa Cruz Island, Prisoner’s Harbor Cr, 34.01667 ° N 119.71667 ° W, 1 May 1966, J. Slater, 1♀ (AMNH_PBI 00079223) (UCB); 1 May 1966, J. Powell, 13 (AMNH_PBI 00079250) (UCB). Santa Cruz Island, Ridge N of Laguna Cyn., 34.01667 ° N 119.71667 ° W, 28 Apr 1966, J. Wolf, 13 (AMNH_PBI 00079222), 1♀ (AMNH_PBI 00079226) (UCB); 28 Apr 1966, J. Powell, 13 (AMNH_PBI 00079600) (UCB). Santa Cruz Island, Upper Central Valley, 34.01861 ° N 119.68083 ° W, 305 m, 26 Apr 1966, J. Powell, 43 (AMNH_PBI 00079235–AMNH_PBI 00079237, AMNH_PBI 00079249) (UCB). Santa Cruz island, Valley Anchorage, 34.01667 ° N 119.71667 ° W, 27 Apr 1966, J. Powell, 23 (AMNH_PBI 00079221, AMNH_PBI 00079251) (UCB); 27 Apr 1966, J. Slater, 1♀ (AMNH_PBI 00079224) (UCB). Santa Cruz Island, W end of Central Valley, 34.01667 ° N 119.71667 ° W, 7 May 1973 – 8 May 1973, J. D. Pinto, 33 (AMNH_PBI 00082369–AMNH_PBI 000- 82371), 2♀ (AMNH_PBI 00082372, AMNH_PBI 00082719) (UCR).

Insulaphylus meridianus , new species

Figures 1 , 4

HOLOTYPE: Male: USA: California: Los Angeles Co.: Santa Catalina Island, Middle Canyon, 33.38333 ° N 118.41667 ° W, 191 m, 1 May 1978, J. Doyen, Quercus chrysolepis (Fagaceae) ( AMNH _PBI 00079603) ( UCB).

DIAGNOSIS: Distinguished from Insulaphylus cruz , new species, by the smaller body size (3.32–3.66) and characteristics of the male vesica (fig. 4), which in I. meridianus is smaller, more slender, more strongly twisted, and with the secondary gonopore facing caudad.

DESCRIPTION: Male: As in generic description; total length 3.32–3.66, length from apex of clypeus to cuneal fracture 2.30–2.57, width across pronotum 1.10–1.25. COLORATION (fig. 1): General coloration as in generic description. Head: As in generic description; antennal segments as in generic description; labium as in generic description. Thorax: As in generic description, with specimens often dark colored. Legs: As in generic description. Hemelytra: As in generic description. Abdomen: As in generic description. SURFACE AND VESTITURE: Dorsum and hemelytra as in generic description. STRUCTURE: Head including eyes, antennae, and labium as in generic description. Thorax: Thorax including hemelytra and legs as in generic description. Abdomen: As in generic description. GENITALIA (fig. 4): As in generic description, with vesica of moderate size, slender, shaft strongly twisted, and secondary gonopore facing caudad.

FEMALE: As in generic description. Total length 3.25–3.63, length from apex of clypeus to cuneal fracture 2.27–2.62, width across pronotum 1.08–1.30.

ETYMOLOGY: Named for its occurrence on Santa Catalina and San Clemente islands, California, the southern Channel Islands. After Latin adjective meridianus , meaning ‘‘southern’’. The gender of the name is masculine.

HOST: Recorded from Quercus chrysolepis Liebm. , Quercus tomentella Engelm. (Fagaceae) , Lyonothamnus floribundus A. Gray , and Prunus lyonii (Eastw.) (Rosaceae) .

DISTRIBUTION: Known only from San Clemente and Santa Catalina islands, California.

DISCUSSION: See discussion of Insulaphylus cruz . Insulaphylus meridianus is sympatric with Maculamiris insulanus on San Clemente and Santa Catalina islands, and was collected on the latter during the same collecting event on Lyonothamnus floribundus .

PARATYPES: USA: California: Los Angeles Co.: San Clemente Island, Eagle Canyon, N or Gray, 32.9 ° N 118.5 ° W, 381 m, 13 Apr 1980, J. Powell and D. Faulkner, Quercus tomentella (Fagaceae) , 33 (AMNH_PBI 00079270, AMNH_PBI 00079606– AMNH_PBI 00079607), 2♀ (AMNH_PBI 00079611, AMNH_PBI 00079612) (UCB). San Clemente Island, south end of island, 32.9 ° N 118.5 ° W, 13 Apr 1980, Faulkner and Powell, 13 (AMNH_PBI 00074403) (SDNH). Santa Catalina Island, 33.38333 ° N 118.41667 ° W, 11 Jul 1893, Baker, 13 (AMNH_PBI 00077615) (CAS). 1♀ (AMNH_PBI 00099750) (HELSINKI). Santa Catalina Island, Avalon Canyon, 33.38333 ° N 118.41667 ° W, 4 May 1978, M. E. Buegler, 23 (AMNH_PBI 00079267, AMNH_PBI 00079605) (UCB). Santa Catalina Island, Camp Cactus, 33.38333 ° N 118.41667 ° W, 229 m, 2 May 1978, J. Powell, Lyonothamnus floribundus (Rosaceae) , 33 (AMNH_PBI 00079268–AMNH_PBI 00079269, AMNH_PBI 00079587) (UCB). Santa Catalina Island, Middle Canyon, 33.38333 ° N 118.41667 ° W, 191 m, 1 May 1978, J. Doyen, Quercus chrysolepis (Fagaceae) , 13 (AMNH_PBI 00079261), 2♀ (AMNH_PBI 00079263, AMNH_PBI 00079266)

(AMNH). 13 (AMNH_PBI 00079260) Quercus chrysolepis (Fagaceae) , 23 (AMNH_PBI 000- 79256, AMNH_PBI 00079258), 5♀ (AMNH_PBI 00079262, AMNH_PBI 00079264–AMNH_PBI 00079265, AMNH_PBI 00079609–AMNH_PBI 00079610) Prunus lyonii (Rosaceae) , 13 (AMNH_ PBI 00079257) (UCB); 1 May 1978, J. Powell, 13 (AMNH_PBI 00079259) (AMNH). 13 (AMNH_ PBI 00079604), 1♀ (AMNH_PBI 00079608) (UCB).

Figures

Fig. 1. Habitus photographs of Galbinocoris caepa, Hamatophylus guttulosus, Insulaphylus spp., Maculamiris spp., Quernocoris caliginosus, and Vesperocoris paddocki.

Fig. 2. Lateral aspect of head and pronotum, scanning micrographs, scale measurements in mm. A. Galbinocoris caepa. B. Hamatophylus guttulosus. C. Insulaphylus cruz. D. Maculamiris baja. E. Quernocoris caliginosus. F. Vesperocoris paddocki.

Fig. 4. Head and male genitalic structures of Insulaphylus spp. and Maculamiris spp. Insulaphylus cruz, head in frontal and lateral view, right and left paramere, phallotheca, and vesica; I. meridianus, vesica and apex of vesica in caudal view; Maculamiris baja, head in frontal and lateral view, right and left paramere, phallotheca, and vesica; M. insulanus, vesica.

Fig. 6. Female genitalic structures, with bursa copulatrix in dorsal view and vestibulum in frontal view. Galbinocoris caepa, Hamatophylus guttulosus, Insulaphylus cruz, Maculamiris baja, Quernocoris caliginosus, Vesperocoris paddocki.

Fig. 7. Mesothoracic spiracle and metathoracic scent gland evaporatory area. A. Galbinocoris caepa. B. Hamatophylus guttulosus. C. Insulaphylus cruz. D. Maculamiris baja. E. Quernocoris caliginosus. F. Vesperocoris paddocki.

Fig. 8. Pretarsus, in frontal (above) and lateral (below) aspect. A. Galbinocoris caepa. B. Hamatophylus guttulosus. C. Insulaphylus cruz. D. Maculamiris baja. E. Quernocoris caliginosus. F. Vesperocoris paddocki.

Fig. 9. Detail of setae comprising hemelytral vestiture, where two types of setae are present, the black asterisk indicates the stouter seta, the white asterisk the more slender seta. A. Galbinocoris caepa. B. Hamatophylus guttulosus. C. Insulaphylus cruz. D. Maculamiris baja. E. Quernocoris caliginosus. F. Vesperocoris paddocki.

Fig. 11. Distribution of species of the genera Insulaphylus and Maculamiris. The species distributions are mapped onto distribution maps of some of their hosts.