Marenzelleria neglecta Sikorski & Bick, 2004

Radashevsky, Vasily I., Pankova, Victoria V., Malyar, Vasily V., Cerca, José & Struck, Torsten H., 2021, A review of the worldwide distribution of Marenzelleria viridis, with new records for M. viridis, M. neglecta and Marenzelleria sp. (Annelida: Spionidae), Zootaxa 5081 (3), pp. 353-372 : 360-361

Marenzelleria neglecta Sikorski & Bick, 2004

( Figs 1 & 2 )

Marenzelleria neglecta Sikorski & Bick, 2004: 264–268 , figs 2B, 3C, 5A–I, 6. Syomin et al. 2017: 977−979, figs 2−5. Blank & Bastrop 2009: 316-318, fig. 1 (phylogeny).

Marenzelleria viridis: Maciolek 1984 (Part.) : 51–55, fig. 2. Bick & Burckhardt 1989: 239−241, fig. 1, pls VII−VIII. Bastrop et al. 1995: Baltic Sea population. Bochert & Bick 1995: 764−772, figs 2−12 (larval morphology). Bochert 1996a: 58−68, figs 1−31 (oogenesis); 1996b: 192−198, figs 1−27 (spermatogenesis). Röhner et al. 1996a: Baltic Sea population. Ysebaert et al. 1996: 178−179. Sikorski & Buzhinskaya 1998: 1118−1119, fig. 4. Fide Sikorski & Bick 2004 (Part.): 264. Not Verrill 1873.

? Marenzelleria viridis: Cohen & Carlton 1995 : A4-1. Thompson et al. 2000: 15; 2013: 2290. Cohen et al. 2005: 11. Ranasinghe et al. 2012: 646.

Marenzelleria cf. viridis: Bick & Zettler 1997: 141−142 , figs 3, 4. Fide Sikorski & Bick 2004: 264.

Marenzelleria type II: Röhner et al. 1996b: 281−283. Bastrop et al. 1997: 125−127; 1998: 98−102. Fide Sikorski & Bick 2004: 264.

Remarks. Bastrop et al. ’s (1997, 1998) Marenzelleria Type II was found on the both sides of the North Atlantic and not formally named until Sikorski & Bick (2004) described it as a new species, M. neglecta . As noted above, Darss- Zingst-Boddenchain, Baltic Sea, Germany, was designated as the type locality of the species, although M. neglecta was recognized as alien in Europe, being introduced with ballast water from the Atlantic coast of USA ( Bastrop et al. 1997, 1998).

Based on genetic data (allozyme electrophoresis and/or 16S sequences), Bastrop et al. (1997, 1998) documented the presence of M. neglecta (as M. Type II) in the United States (Durham, New Hampshire; Chesapeake Bay, Maryland; Currituck Sound, North Carolina; Ogeechee River estuary, Georgia) and in Canada (Tuktoyaktuk Harbor, Northwest Territories) ( Fig. 2 ). Notably, specimens of the only sample from New Hampshire (Durham, USNM 80485) were morphologically assigned to M. viridis by Maciolek (1984 *), Sikorski & Bick (2004), as well as one of us (VIR, May 2000). Bastrop et al. (1997: 128) sequenced the 16S mitochondrial fragments of three specimens from this sample and noticed that “Contradictions between the results of morphological and genetic species determination still exist … DNA sequence analysis has shown beyond doubt that these animals [USNM 80485] belong to Marenzelleria Type II [ M. neglecta ].”

Based on the morphology, Sikorski & Bick (2004) identified M. neglecta from San Francisco Bay (California, USA). After the description of M. neglecta, Leslie H. Harris (in litt. 2 June, 5 July 2021) re-identified as M. neglecta specimens initially reported as M. viridis from California, USA (see below Remarks for M. viridis ). Moreover, Leslie H. Harris (in litt. 5 July 2021) identified M. neglecta collected during the 2020 National Coastal Condition Assessment from Ilwaco marina, Columbia River mouth, Washington, USA (see VIR ID 24756 in Table S4). Following these identifications, reports of M. viridis from San Francisco Bay by Thompson et al. (2000, 2013) are also referred herein to M. neglecta . Complete information about records of M. neglecta from North America is given in Table S4.

Distribution in North America. Atlantic coast: from New Hampshire south to Georgia, USA. Pacific coast: Washington and Northern California, USA. Arctic coast: Northwest Territories, Canada ( Fig. 2 ).

* Maciolek (1984: 52) mistakenly exchanged the catalogue numbers for two specimens collected by Jones, M. L. in Gloucester (Massachusetts) on 16 May 1959 ( USNM 80483 ), and nine specimens collected by Long, C. D. at Fox Point ( Durham , New Hampshire) on 24 Jul 1962 ( USNM 80485 ) .

Figures

FIGURE 1. Majority rule consensus tree of the Bayesian inference analysis of the combined COI (564 bp) and 16S (307 bp) sequences (871 bp in total) of Marenzelleria spp. rooted with sequences of Malacoceros fuliginosus. Posterior probabilities are shown on the branches. Ma, Mb, Mn, Mv, and Mw denote haplotypes of Marenzelleria arctia, M. bastropi, M. neglecta, M. viridis, and M. wireni, respectively, reported by Bastrop & Blank (2006), Blank et al. (2008), and Blank & Bastrop (2009). WS followed by numbers refer to the voucher specimens deposited at the ZMMU_WS collection. The other two capital letters are followed by the six-digit GenBank accession numbers. The numbers without letters preceding collecting locations are unique numbers from the VIR database linking the individuals on the tree with the sampling data in Table 1 and Table S1; numbers of individuals are separated from sample numbers by dots. Marenzelleria species of Arctic origin are shown in blue; species of Northwest Atlantic origin are shown in purple; specimens from the Oslofjord (Norway) are shown in red.

FIGURE 2. Map showing type localities (stars) and/or records of Marenzelleria arctia, M. bastropi, M. neglecta, M. viridis, and Marenzelleria sp. from North America based on morphology (circles, rhomb) and molecular data (triangles). See Table 1 and Tables S1−S5 for details.