Glaphyrosoma gracile Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1888

Cadena-Castañeda, Oscar J. & Weissman, David B., 2020, Review of Glaphyrosoma (Orthoptera: Stenopelmatoidea: Anostostomatidae) including new species and biological information, Zootaxa 4779 (1), pp. 1-37 : 25

Glaphyrosoma gracile Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1888

( Figures 18–20, Map 3)

http://lsid.speciesfile.org/urn:lsid: Orthoptera .speciesfile.org:TaxonName:19698

Specimens examined. 2♂ 4♂ subadult 1♀. Mexico, Veracruz, Metlac Canyon of Río Metlac , 18°54’ 23.87’’N– 97°00’46.31’’W. 850 m; 20 June 2006; DBW stop # 06-39. D.B. Weissman, D.C. Lightfoot. ( 1♂: S06-39, CASENT 9077082 ), ( 1♀. S06-39, F1793, CASENT 9077083 ), ( 4♂ subadults, S06-39, T06-4 , CASENT 9077078 , used for the dissection of testes) ( CAS), ( 1♂: S06-39, F1912, CASENT 8413905 ) (CAUD).

Redescription. Male. Large for genus, shiny, and relatively uniformly colored ( Fig. 18A): head and majority of tergites dark brown but with lower half of epicranium, most part of mouthparts, scape, pedicel, ventrolateral parts of tergites from pronotum to subapical tergite, and apical tenth abdominal tergite light brown, as well as with all ocelli and all palpi yellowish ( Figs. 18B, C, D); rest of body from light brown to yellowish, with somewhat darkened (almost brown) small areas near femur-tibia articulations as well as subapical third of hind femur. Head ovoid with rather short and wide rostrum, and almost 1.5 times as wide as space between antennal cavities; latter space almost two times as wide as scape; ocelli round, almost equal to each other in size, and two times wider than pedicel ( Fig. 18B). Both tympana present, the outer tympanum is small than the inner one. Mid tibia armed with three ventral spines on each side and apex armed with two distal spines on each side. Hind femur with three transverse main peg rows with few spinules (in comparison to other species), on inner side near to base ( Fig. 18E). Hind tibia with nine spines on dorso-outer and dorso-inner margin. First two abdominal tergites with stridulation pegs denser on first lateral tergite than the second one, these pegs are small and irregularly distributed ( Fig. 18D). Posterior edge of the ninth tergite incurved on the hooks of the last tergite ( Fig. 18F); tenth tergite narrower and covered by the ninth one, divided in the middle, into thin plate, with dorso-medial margin armed with two thickened and conspicuous hooks ( Figs. 18G, H). Epiproct with barely angular posterior edge; each paraproct is longer, distinctly S-shaped in the profile, with a rather narrow and almost finger-like distal half, with clearly membranous lateral area, and with small ventrolateral spinule located before the distal curvature ( Fig. 18I). Subgenital plate wider than long, with cylindrical styles, and with distinct U-shaped posteromedian notch ( Fig. 18J).

Female. Similar to the male in shape and coloration ( Figs. 19A, B, C). Hind femur with two transverse main rows of pegs on inner side near to base ( Fig. 19D). Tenth tergite rounded, narrow and undivided; ovoid epiproct; paraprocts ovoid without specialization. Subgenital plate triangular, without distal spine, apical part which is almost truncate or having a very small apical notch ( Fig. 19E). Ovipositor 0.7 times as long as the hind femur, up-curved, and with a sharp apex, valves without denticulations or depressions in the margins ( Fig. 19F).

Variation. Our male differs from the specimens studied by Gorochov & Cadena-Castañeda (2016) and the lectotype, in that the distal portion of the S-shaped paraproct, is shorter and obliquely truncated. We believe this is an intraspecific variation. In all other morphological characters, our male agrees with the other specimens.

Measurements (in mm.). Male / Female: LB: 25–34/29–35. Pr: 6–8.5/6.5–9. HF: 17–24/18–26. HT: 18– 22/18–23. Ov: 9–11. Included here are the range of measurements of the specimens studied by us and those studied by Gorochov & Cadena-Castañeda, 2016.

Habitat. Open riparian forest.

Drum. Unknown.

Karyotype. T 06- 4. 2n ♂ = 29. The largest pair of autosomes are metacentric while autosomal pairs 2 through 14 are all rod shaped. The largest chromosome is the single metacentric X ( Fig. 20) .

DNA. F1793 mapped closest (Vandergast pers. comm. to DBW) to F1792, which is G. paragracile , but F1793 was not included in Vandergast et al. (2017) because it was not recognized as distinct.

Comparison. The males of this species are the only ones in the genus to have elongated and S-shaped paraprocts. According to Gorochov & Cadena-Castañeda (2016), G. gracile is very similar to G. bulbosum in size, coloration and body structure.