Passalidae

Jiménez-Ferbans, Larry, Reyes-Castillo, Pedro & Schuster, Jack C., 2015, Passalidae (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea) of the Greater and Lesser Antilles, Zootaxa 3956 (4), pp. 491-512 : 508-509

Key for the identification of species of Passalidae of the West Indies

1. Clypeus hidden beneath frons, with anterior angles below the mediofrontal teeth................................... 2

- Clypeus exposed dorsally, with anterior angles in front of frons border.......................................... 18

2. Maxilla with lacinia apex unidentate. Antennal club with five lamellae........................................... 3

- Maxilla with lacinia apex bidentate. Antennal club with three lamallae. ( Passalus ).................................. 5

3. Prosternal process rhomboidal. Profemur with marginal groove ont the anterior border of the ventral face marked and com- plete. Body convex, small (length 17.4–20.0 mm). Greater and Lesser Antilles............. .. Spasalus crenatus (MacLeay)

- Prosternal process pentagonal ( Fig. 3 D). Profemur with marginal groove on the anterior border of the ventral face absent or not marked and incomplete. Body flattened, medium length (24–29 mm) ( Paxillus )....................................4

4. Antennal club with short lamellae, the first lamellae reduced. Profemur without marginal Groove on the anterior border of the ventral face ( Fig. 3 A). Epipleura glabrous. Jamaica (length 27.2–29.7 mm).................. Paxillus jamaicensis Hincks

- Antennal club with long lamellae, the first not reduced. Profemur with marginal Groove on anterior border of ventral face incomplete. Epipleura entirely pubescent. Hispaniola (length 24.7–26.2)........ Paxillus pentaphyllus (Palisot de Beauvois)

5. Frons border with two secondary tubercles (subgenus Passalus )................................................. 6

- Frons border straight or almost straight, without secondary tubercles (subgenus Pertinax )........................... 13

6. Central tubercle of median frontal structure with apex very free, reaching the anterior border of frons................... 7

- Central tubercle not free or only slightly free, never reaching the anterior border of frons............................. 9

7. Lateral fossae of pronotum pubescent. Striae 8–10 entirely pubescent. Lesser Antilles (length 36.6–45.0 mm)................................................................................ .. Passalus unicornis LePeletier & Serville

- Lateral fossae of pronotum glabrous. Striae 8 and 9 glabrous, 10 pubescent in basal third (length 34–42 mm)............. 8

8. Medial base of mentum pubescent. Mesosternal scar slight, densely pubescent. Trinidad (length 34.9–38.3 mm)....................................................................................... Passalus coarctatus Percheron

- Medial base of mentum glabrous. Mesosternal scar marked, glabrous. Martinique, Saint Lucia, and Dominica (length 40.5– 41.6 mm)..................................................................... .. Passalus trinesides Boucher

9. Mediofrontal secondary teeth basally contiguous. Frontal fossae pubescent. Trinidad (length 28.2–30.6 mm)........................................................................................... Passalus abortivus Percheron

- Mediofrontal secondary teeth basally separated. Frontal fossae glabrous......................................... 10

10. Body flattened. Central tubercle short, apex not free......................................................... 11

- Body convex. Central tubercle long, apex free..............................................................12

11. Epipleura 2/3 or more pubescent. Medium length (29–34 mm). Greater and Lesser Antilles...................................................................................................... Passalus interstitialis Eschscholtz

- Epipleura pubescent only on basal third. Short length (24–30 mm). Trinidad.................. Passalus bucki Luederwaldt

12. Marginal groove of last abdominal sternite incomplete. Trinidad (length 44.2–50.9 mm).... Passalus interruptus (Linnaeus)

- Marginal groove of last abdominal sternite complete. Greater and Lesser Antilles (length 31.5–38.3 mm)..................................................................................... Passalus punctiger LePeletier & Serville

13. Length greater than 39 mm ............................................................................. 14

- Length less than 31 mm ............................................................................... 15

14. Mesepimeron, metasternal grooves, humeri, and epipleura pubescent. (length 42.5–48.6 mm). Hispaniola................................................................................................. Passalus affinis Percheron

- Mesepimeron, metasternal grooves, humeri, and epipleura glabrous (length 39.5–40.9 mm). Cuba.... Passalus pertyi (Kaup)

15. Mesosternal scar present. Body length short (21.5–22.5 mm). Grenada..................... Passalus antillarum (Arrow)

- Mesosternal scar absent. Body length medium to large, greater than 26 mm ....................................... 16

16. Pronotal arms glabrous in the half closest to prosternal process. (Length 29.3–30.8 mm). Trinidad, Tobago.............................................................................................. Passalus latifrons Percheron

- Pronotal arms pubescent throughout...................................................................... 17

17. Internal tubercles large, apices free. Clypeus slightly visible dorsally. (Length 27.9–30.6 mm). Hispaniola....................................................................................... Passalus dominicanus van Doesburg

- Internal tubercles small, apices not free. Clypeus not visible dorsally. (Length 26.6–28.4 mm). Hispaniola............................................................................................. Passalus doesburgi (Boucher)

18. Anterior border of labrum deeply concave, concavity excavated behind border. (Length 39.8–43.9 mm). Tobago, Trinidad............................................................................... Verres furcilabris (Eschscholtz)

- Anterior border of labrum straight or slightly convex, without excavation behind anterior border.....................19

19. Frontoclypeal suture present and strong. Anterior pronotal border straight. (Length 17–21 mm). Trinidad.......................................................................................... Popilius tetraphyllus (Eschscholtz)

- Frontoclypeal suture absent. Anterior pronotal border sinuous (Length 33–41 mm). Trinidad..... Veturius sinuosus (Drapiez)

Figures

FIGURES 1 – 4. Head and pronotum, dorsal view. 1. Passalus abortivus. 2. P. bucki. 3. P. coarctatus. 4. P. interruptus. Scale bars: 1 mm.