Telenomus truncatus (Nees von Esenbeck)

Tortorici, Francesco, Orrù, Bianca, Timokhov, Alexander V., Bout, Alexandre, Bon, Marie-Claude, Tavella, Luciana & Talamas, Elijah J., 2024, Telenomus Haliday (Hymenoptera, Scelionidae) parasitizing Pentatomidae (Hemiptera) in the Palearctic region, Journal of Hymenoptera Research 97, pp. 591-620 : 591-620

Telenomus truncatus (Nees von Esenbeck)

Figs 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 8 A, C, E , 9 A, C, E

Teleas truncatus Nees von Esenbeck, 1834: 289 (original description); Graham 1988 b: 28 (type information); Graham 1988 a: 86 ( lectotype designation).

Teleas Linnei Nees von Esenbeck, 1834: 288 (original description); Mayr 1879: 707 (synonym of Telenomus truncatus (Nees von Esenbeck )); Graham 1988 b: 28 (type information); Johnson 1992: 617 (type information).

Teleas Zetterstedtii Ratzeburg 1844: 185 (original description); Mayr 1879: 707 (synonym of Telenomus truncatus (Nees von Esenbeck )).

Telenomus truncatus (Nees von Esenbeck): Mayr 1879: 700, 702, 707 (description, generic transfer, synonymy, keyed); Kieffer 1926: 25, 26, 31 (description, keyed); Javahery 1968: 431 (description, keyed); Szabó 1978: 219, 222 (description, neotype designation, keyed); Johnson 1984 b: 41 (taxonomic status, neotype information); Johnson 1992: 617 (cataloged, type information); Mineo 2012: 61 (placed in turesis group).

Telenomus Heydeni Mayr, 1879: 702, 706 (original description, keyed). syn. nov.

Telenomus Giraudi Kieffer, 1906: 163 (original description).

Prophanurus Giraudi Kieffer: Kieffer 1912: 46, 58 (description, generic transfer).

Prophanurus Heydeni (Mayr): Kieffer 1912: 59 (description, generic transfer).

Prophanurus Truncatus (Nees von Esenbeck): Kieffer 1912: 47, 58 (description, generic transfer).

Telenomus giraudi Kieffer: Kieffer 1926: 25, 26, 31 (description, keyed); Szabó 1978: 221 (junior synonym of Telenomus heydeni Mayr).

Telenomus heydeni Mayr: Kieffer 1926: 26, 36 (description, keyed); Kozlov 1967: 360, 364, 372 (description, lectotype designation); Kozlov 1968: 216 (description, keyed); Voegelé 1969: 148 (keyed); Mineo 1977: 84 (description of preimaginal stages); Kozlov 1978: 638, 644 (keyed); Szabó 1978: 219, 221 (description, lectotype designation, keyed); Johnson 1992: 591 (cataloged, type information); Petrov 1994: 276 (keyed); Mineo 2012: 61 (placed in turesis group); Timokhov 2019: 55 (cataloged); Gokhman and Timokhov 2020: 216 (karyotype).

Telenomus ( Telenomus) heydeni Mayr: Kozlov and Kononova 1983: 140, 164 (description, subgeneric assignment, keyed); Kononova 2014: 141, 144 (description, keyed).

Teleas linnei Nees von Esenbeck: Graham 1988 a: 88 ( lectotype designation).

Diagnostic characters.

Female. Head: compound eye with sparse and short setation throughout (Figs 1 A , 2 B , 3 B , 4 A , 8 C ); vertex shallowly and evenly granulate (Figs 1 C , 2 B , 3 B , 4 A , 8 C ); occipital carina complete (Fig. 8 A ); hyperoccipital carina present directly behind the lateral ocellus, carina sharp and well defined, sculpture smooth along posterior margin of carina (Fig. 8 C ); outer orbital furrow wide (2–2.5 times as wide as an ommatidium) (Fig. 8 C ); clypeal sensillum present above the line connecting the medial and lateral clypeal setae (Fig. 8 E ).

Mesosoma: mesoscutal humeral sulcus ( mshs) present as a smooth furrow (Figs 1 B , 2 D , 9 A ); metapleural carina in antero-dorsal area of metapleuron ( pdms, between metapleural arm and propodeal spiracle) complete, distinct and strong (Fig. 9 A ); surface of the furrow between metanotal trough and metascutellar arm (msn) usually crenulate (Fig. 9 A ); mesoscutum longitudinally strigose posteriorly (Fig. 9 C ); median mesoscutal sulcus present in largest specimens, barely visible in smaller ones. Fore wing postmarginal ( pm) and stigmal ( st) veins length ratio: pm: st = 1.9: 1 (n = 20) (Fig. 3 A ). Hind femora dark brown with yellowish tips (Fig. 2 C, D ).

Metasoma: first metasomal tergite with one or rarely two pairs of sublateral setae (ss) (Figs 1 C , 2 C , 9 E ).

Male. Head: antennal length ratio A 3: A 2 = 1.2: 1 (n = 20), antennomeres A 6 – A 11 bead-like, subequal (Fig. 3 C ). Genitalia: basal ring ratio: Length: Width = 6: 5; minimum distance between inner margin of laminae volsellares: narrow (laminae volsellares lyre-shaped); external margin of penis valve more intensely sclerotized curved and distally converging (Fig. 3 D ). Hind femora yellow to pale brown. Other morphological characters as in female.

From the analysis of the lectotype of Te. heydeni ( NHMW - HYM # 0005387), the combination of morphological characters (Fig. 4 ) coincides with the characters of the lectotype of Te. truncatus ( OXUM 0011), and the length ratio between the A 3 and A 2 antennomeres (Fig. 4 A ) matches with that of the male of Te. truncatus (Fig. 3 C ). Therefore, Te. heydeni is here considered a junior synonym of Te. truncatus .

Biological information.

Host species associated: Table 2 . The specimen DISAFA - FT HYM- 0657 - OQ 466097 was found overwintering in November in Viburnum leaf mines created by P. viburni ; the specimens AVT 001908 and AVT 001909 were found already dead in egg-mass of Lymantria monacha (Linnaeus) ( Lepidoptera , Erebidae ), presumably after wintering.

DNA barcoding.

Barcode sequences were obtained from 49 specimens of Te. truncatus . Pairwise distance values within species are shown in Suppl. material 3. The genetic distances between the insects identified as the same species were between 0.000 and 0.074 (mean 0.013 + / - 0.003). The analysis of COI sequences discovered that Te. truncatus includes the specimen OL 631282 , previously identified as Telenomus sp. ( Ricupero et al., 2022) (Suppl. material 1).

Distribution.

Suppl. material 2

Material examined.

Suppl. material 4.

Figures

Figure 1. Telenomus truncatus. Female lectotype (OXUM 0011): head in frontal view (A); habitus in lateral view (B); habitus in dorsal view (C). Scale bars: 0.5 mm.

Figure 2. Telenomus truncatus. Female (DISAFA - FT HYM- 0519): head in frontal view (A); head in dorso-lateral view (B); habitus in dorsal view (C); habitus in lateral view (D). Scale bars: 0.2 mm.

Figure 3. Telenomus truncatus. Female (DISAFA - FT HYM- 0650): fore and hind wings (A). Male (DISAFA - FT HYM- 0516): head in frontal view (B); antenna (C); genitalia (D). Scale bars: 0.2 mm.

Figure 4. Telenomus heydeni. Male lectotype (NHMW - HYM # 0005387): head in frontal view (A); habitus in lateral view (B); habitus in dorso-lateral view (C). Scale bars: 0.5 mm.

Figure 8. Head in posterior view: Telenomus truncatus (A) and Te. turesis (B); head in dorso-lateral view: Te. truncatus (C) and Te. turesis (D); clypeus: Te. truncatus (E) and Te. turesis (F). Scale bars: 0.1 mm.

Figure 9. Thorax in dorso-lateral view: Telenomus truncatus (A) and Te. turesis (B); thorax in dorsal view: Te. truncatus (C) and Te. turesis (D); abdomen in dorsal view (ss: sublateral setae): Te. truncatus (E) and Te. turesis (F). Scale bars: 0.1 mm.