Bougainvillia muscus (Allman, 1863)

OLIVEIRA, OTTO M. P., MIRANDA, THAÍS P., ARAUJO, ENILMA M., AYÓN, PATRICIA, CEDEÑO-POSSO, CRISTINA M., CEPEDA-MERCADO, AMANCAY A., CÓRDOVA, PABLO, CUNHA, AMANDA F., GENZANO, GABRIEL N., HADDAD, MARIA ANGÉLICA, MIANZAN, HERMES W., MIGOTTO, ALVARO E., MIRANDA, LUCÍLIA S., MORANDINI, ANDRÉ C., NAGATA, RENATO M., NASCIMENTO, KARINE B., JÚNIOR, MIODELI NOGUEIRA, PALMA, SERGIO, QUIÑONES, JAVIER, RODRIGUEZ, CAROLINA S., SCARABINO, FABRIZIO, SCHIARITI, AGUSTÍN, STAMPAR, SÉRGIO N., TRONOLONE, VALQUÍRIA B. & MARQUES, ANTONIO C., 2016, Census of Cnidaria (Medusozoa) and Ctenophora from South American marine waters, Zootaxa 4194 (1), pp. 1-256 : 52-53

Bougainvillia muscus (Allman, 1863)

Synonyms in the area: Bougainvillia ramosa —Vannucci 1957 [medusa]; Vannucci & Rees 1961 [polyp and medusa]; Moreira 1973; Goy 1979; Navas-Pereira 1980; Ramírez & Zamponi 1980, 1981; Zamponi 1983a [medusa]; Blanco 1988, 1994a; Haddad 1992; Genzano & Zamponi 1997 [polyp]; Bougainvillia pyramidata —Galea 2007 [polyp and medusa] Palma et al. 2007a; Villenas et al. 2009 [medusa] [non Bougainvillia pyramidata (Forbes & Goodsir, 1851) ]; Bougainvillia sp. Miranda & Marques, 2006, abstract [polyp].

Remarks: the polyp was recorded as Bougainvillia ramosa (van Beneden, 1844) for the Brazilian coast and off Buenos Aires by Vannucci (1957), Vannucci & Rees (1961), Moreira (1973), Navas-Pereira (1980), Ramírez & Zamponi (1981), Blanco (1988), Haddad (1992) and Genzano (1995). Haddad (1992), based on poorly preserved material, assigned her record for Paraná State ( Brazil) as doubtful. Medusae recorded as B. ramosa by Goy (1979) and off Buenos Aires and North Patagonian by Ramírez & Zamponi (1980) and Zamponi (1983a), respectively.

Distribution in South America: polyp—Pacific Ocean, Chile, from 41.67°S to 52.15°S (Galea 2007 p. 19-21; Galea et al. 2009a p. 309; Galea & Schories 2012a p. 23-25); Atlantic Ocean, Brazil to Argentina, at 9.84°S 35.88°W, from 22.93°S to 29.35°S, from 35°S to 42°S (Vannucci & Rees 1961; Blanco 1988, 1994a; Haddad 1992; Genzano 1995; Genzano & Zamponi 1997; Migotto et al. 2002; Oliveira 2003; Bornancin 2008; Maronna et al. 2008, abstract; Genzano et al. 2009a; Cangussu et al. 2010; Silveira & Morandini 2011; Miranda et al. 2011, 2015; Bumbeer & Rocha 2012; Fernandez et al. 2014, 2015);

medusa—Pacific Ocean, Chile, from 42.15°S to 55.136°S in the Patagonian interior waters (Galea 2007 p. 19- 21; Palma et al. 2007a; 2014a; Villenas et al. 2009; Bravo et al. 2011); Atlantic Ocean, Brazil to Argentina, from 16°S to 42.5°S (Vannucci 1957, 1963; Vannucci & Rees 1961; Moreira 1973; Goy 1979; Navas-Pereira 1980; Ramírez & Zamponi 1980, 1981; Zamponi 1983a; Montú & Cordeiro 1988; Migotto et al. 2002; Genzano et al. 2008a; Nogueira Jr. 2012; Guerrero et al. 2013; Marques et al. 2013; Nogueira Jr. et al. 2015a).

Habitat: polyp—from intertidal zone to 32m depth, epiphytic and epizoic, commonly found on fouling, hard substrate, mussels and other invertebrates (Haddad 1992; Oliveira 2003; Bornancin 2008; Galea 2007; Galea et al. 2009a; Fernandez et al. 2014, 2015).