Leptophlebiidae

Kluge, Nikita J., 2022, Review of the Kimminsula-complex (Ephemeroptera, Leptophlebiidae), Zootaxa 5212 (1), pp. 1-140 : 10-13

Key to imagines of Asian Leptophlebiidae with both claws of each leg pointed

1(2) Hind wings absent............................................................................ Nathanella

2(1) Hind wings present ( Kimminsula -complex)................................................................ 3

3(4) Paracercus vestigial, about as long as 10th abdominal segment ( Fig. 271 )......................... Ceylonula femoralis

4(3) Paracercus as long as cerci.

5(8) Vein MP of hind wing not furcated ( Fig. 52 ). Tibiae of middle and hind legs with groove crossing inner margin and corresponding to patella-tibial suture ( Figs 54–55 ) ( Ghatula gen. n.)..................................................... 6

6(7) Abdominal terga VIII and IX each with pair of dark brown maculae (as in Fig. 69 ) (presumably, based on larval hypodermal coloration)................................................................... Ghatula quadrimaculata sp. n.

7(6) Abdominal terga VIII and IX without such maculae ( Figs 57–58 )................................ Ghatula rufa sp. n.

8(5) Vein MP of hind wing furcated: either with intercalary forming triad ( Fig. 153 , 157 ), or without intercalary ( Fig. 217 ), or with both branches fused distally ( Fig. 158 ). All tibiae (including those of middle and hind legs) without groove crossing inner margin ( Figs 159–164 , 213–214 , 461–462 , 680–681 )............................................................ 9

9(12) Hind wing with anterior-proximal margin bordered with brown ( Figs 157–158 , 671 )............................... 10

10(11) Hind wing with posterior-distal margin bordered with brown ( Figs 157–159 ). ♂: eyes meet on meson ( Fig. 168 ); penis with pair of apical spines directed ventrally ( Figs 172–173, 179 , 183 )............................ Petersula heptagenoides sp. n.

11(10) Hind wing with posterior-distal margin not colored ( Fig. 671 ). ♂: eyes widely separated ( Fig. 674 ); penis without spines directed ventrally ( Figs 688, 690 , 697 )......................................... Hubbardula heterolepida gen. sp. n.

12(9) Hind wing with brown coloration at base only ( Figs 217 , 365 , 412 , 454 , 540 )..................................... 13

13(16) ♂: dorsal eyes meet on meson (as in Fig. 168 ); ventral spines on apices of penis grooved (as in Figs 172–173, 179 ; Sivaramakrishnan 1984: fig. 6, 9) ( Petersula )...................................................................... 14

14(15) ♂ imago: abdominal terga III–V without paired lines (Sivaramakrishnan 1984: figs 10, 12); terga I–IX light, tergum X dark................................................................................... Petersula courtallensis

15(14) ♂ imago: abdominal terga III–V with submedian pair of longitudinal lines (Sivaramakrishnan 1984: fig. 11); terga I–VII light, terga VIII–X dark....................................................................... Petersula nathani

16(13) ♂: dorsal eyes widely separated ( Figs 369 , 531 ); ventral spines on apices of penis cone-shaped, without groves ( Figs 374–375 , 377 , 380,417, 418, 421, 469–470, 534, 545) ( Kimminsula )................................................... 17

17(18) Each abdominal tergum V–VIII or V–IX with unpaired triangular dark spot adjacent to anterior margin of tergum (as in Fig. 580 ) (presumably, based on larval hypodermal coloration)................................ Kimminsula latifolia sp. n.

TABLE 1. (Continued)

18(17) Abdominal terga either without smaller dark spots ( Figs 369–370, 373 , 463 , 532 ), or with large spot adjacent to posterior margin of tergum ( Figs 414, 416 )........................................................................... 19

19(20) ♂: penis with unpaired projection between pair of lobes ( Figs 534 , 545 ); tibiae black-brow, contrastingly darker than femora ( Figs 535–536 ); abdominal coloration as in Fig. 532 ........................................ Kimminsula podi sp. n.

20(19) ♂: penis lobes contiguous basally, without projection between them ( Figs 374–375 , 377, 380 ); tibiae brown or ocher, not darker than femora ( Figs 370 , 414 ); abdominal coloration different ( Figs 369–370, 373 , 414, 416 , 463 )...................... 21

21(22) Abdominal terga mostly brown, with antero-lateral areas lighter ocher ( Figs 413–416 )............ Kimminsula taprobanes

22(21) Abdominal terga mostly light ocher, with brown markings ( Figs 369–370, 373 , 463 ).............................................................. Kimminsula fasciata (and the form intermediate between K. taprobanes and K. fasciata )

Figures

FIGURES 261–271. Ceylonula femoralis. 261, right side of larval abdominal segments I–V with tergalii in natural position; 262–268, tergalii I–VII (costal margin facing up, ventral lamella turned at left, dorsal lamella at right); 269–271, bases of caudalii of larva, subimago and imago of same individual.

FIGURES 51–58. Ghatula rufa gen. sp. n., female (holotype). 51–52, fore- and hind wings of imago; 53–55, fore-, middle and hind legs of imago with enlarged fragment of hind tibia; 56, subimaginal exuviae of mesonotum; 57–58, subimago.Arrows show point where patella-tibial suture crosses inner side of tibia.

FIGURES 68–71. Ghatula quadrimaculata sp. n., larvae. 68–70, female larva of last instar (holotype); 71, denticles on posterior margin of abdominal segment VI.

FIGURES 145–153. Petersula heptagenoides sp. n. 145–146, right and left mandibles, ventral view; 147, hypopharynx and superlinguae; 148–150, tergalii I, IV and VII; 151–152, fore- and hind wings; 153, hind wing enlarged.

FIGURES 154–165. Petersula heptagenoides sp. n. 154, subimaginal exuviae of mesonotum; 155–156, fore- and hind wings; 157–158, hind wings enlarged; 159–161 and 162–164, fore-, middle and hind legs of two female imagines; 165, male subimago.

FIGURES 209–218. Petersula courtallensis. 209, protogonostyli and protopenes of last instar male larva; 210, posterior margin of abdominal sternum IX of female larva; 211, the same of female subimago; 212–214, fore-, middle and hind legs of female imago; 215, subimaginal exuviae of mesonotum; 216–217, fore- and hind wings of imago; 218, fragment of forewing of another individual.

FIGURES 458–463. Form intermediate between Kimminsula taprobanes and K. fasciata. 458, male imago; 459, its subimaginal exuviae of mesonotum; 560–462, its fore-, middle and hind legs; 463, its abdomen.

FIGURES 673–682. Hubbardula heterolepida gen. sp. n. 673–674, male imago; 675, male subimago; 676–677, hind tibia, tarsus and claws of subimago; 678, abdomen of male imago; 679–682, fore-, middle and hind legs of male imago; 682, subimaginal exuviae of mesonotum (678–681, holotype).

FIGURES 664–672. Hubbardula heterolepida gen. sp. n. 664–666 and 667–669, fore- and hind protoptera of two individuals; 670–672, fore- and hind wings (holotype).

FIGURES 166–171. Petersula heptagenoides sp. n. 166, subimaginal exuviae at boundary of abdominal sterna VII and VIII with genital opening; 167–168, male imago; 169–171, female imago.

FIGURES 172–181. Petersula heptagenoides sp. n. 172, apex of left penis lobe of male imago, median view; 173, the same, ventral view; 174, posterior margin of abdominal sternum IX of female larva; 175–177, protogonostyli and protopenes of male larvae of antepenultimate, penultimate and last instars; 178, posterior margin of abdominal sternum IX of female subimago; 179–180, penis of male imago with focus on ventral and dorsal side (gonoduct shown by dotted lines); 181, left penis and gonostylus, median view cutting line shown with dotted line). Abbreviations: gp, gonopore; pgs, protogonostylus; pp, protopenis.

FIGURES 182–187. Petersula spp. 182–186, Petersula heptagenoides sp. n.: 182–184, genitalia of male imago; 185, subimaginal exuviae of male genitalia; 186, subimaginal exuviae of wing; 187, the same of P. courtallensis. Abbreviations: gd, gonoduct; gs1–gs4, 1st–4th segments of gonostylus; sg, styliger.

FIGURES 688–693. Hubbardula heterolepida gen. sp. n. 688–692, genitalia of male imago (688, lateral view; 689–692, ventral view): 689, uromere IX with styliger and gonostyli; 690, penis with gonades; 691, styliger and bases of gonostyli; 692, general view; 693, subimaginal exuviae. Abbreviations: gs1, gs2+3, gs4, 1st–4th segments of gonostylus; sg, styliger.

FIGURES 694–699. Hubbardula heterolepida gen. sp. n. 694, posterior margin of abdominal sternum IX of female subimago; 695, the same of female larva; 696, protogonostyli and protopenis of last instar male larva (dorsal view); 697, penis of male imago, ventral view; 698–699, genitalia of male imago, ventral view.Abbreviations: gs1, gs2+3, gs4, 1st–4th segments of gonostylus; m.gs, muscle of gonostylus; m.p, muscle of penis; m.s, sterno-styligeral muscle; sg, styliger.

FIGURES 348–368. Kimminsula fasciata. 348–354 and 355–361, tergalii I–VII of two different larvae of last instar; 362–363, fore- and hind protoptera; 364, hind protopteron enlarged; 365, hind wing; 366, posterior margin of larval abdominal tergum VI; 367, just molted last instar female larva with cuticle colorless, to show hypodermal coloration; 368, female imago.

FIGURES 406–412. Kimminsula taprobanes. 406–407, last instar female larva just after molt, with cuticle non-pigmented, to show hypodermal coloration; 408–410, fore- and hind protoptera of last instar larva; 411–412, fore- and hind wings of imago.

FIGURES 452–457. Form intermediate between Kimminsula taprobanes and K. fasciata. 452, last instar female larva just after molt, with cuticle non-pigmented, to show hypodermal coloration; 453–454, fore- and hind wings of imago; 455–457, fore- and hind protoptera of last instar larva.

FIGURES 539–544. Kimminsula podi sp. n. 539–540, fore- and hind wings of subimago; 541, subimaginal exuviae of wing; 542, fragment of imaginal wing extracted from subimago; 543–544, fore- and hind protoptera of immature last instar larva (541–542, holotype).

FIGURES 369–373. Kimminsula fasciata. 369, male imago; 370–371, male imago and subimago of the same individual; 372, subimaginal exuviae of mesonotum; 373, abdominal sterna and terga of male imago.

FIGURES 528–538. Kimminsula podi sp. n. 528–536, male imago extracted from subimaginal cuticle (holotype): 528, subimaginal exuviae of mesonotum; 529–531, imaginal head and thorax; 532, imaginal abdomen; 533, subimaginal exuviae of abdomen; 534, imaginal genitalia; 535–536, fore- and hind legs of pharate imago. 537–538, fore- and hind legs of mature larva with developed hypodermal coloration.

FIGURES 374–376. Kimminsula fasciata, male imagines. 374, penis with styliger; 375–376, separated penis and styliger with gonostyli.

FIGURES 377–382. Kimminsula fasciata. 377–378, penis of male imago with focus on ventral and dorsal sides (gonoducts shown by dotted lines); 379, protogonostyli and protopenis of last instar male larva; 380, apices of penis of male imago; 381, posterior margin of abdominal sternum IX of female subimago; 382, the same of female larva.

FIGURES 574–580. Kimminsula latifolia sp. n., larvae. 574–575, foreleg; 576–577, middle leg; 578–579, hind leg; 580, young female larva with well-expressed hypodermal coloration. Abbreviations: a.r, anterior row of hair-like setae; o.r, outer row of hair-like setae.

FIGURES 413–416. Kimminsula taprobanes. 413, male imago, syntype of annulatus [Potamanthus] (picture from website of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Cambridge); 414–415, male imago and subimago of the same individual; 416, abdominal sterna and terga of male imago.

FIGURES 545–549. Kimminsula podi sp. n. 545–546, penis of male imago with focus on ventral and dorsal sides; 547, distal margin of styliger with bases of gonostyli; 548, posterior margin of abdominal sternum IX of female larva; 549, protogonostyli and protopenis of last instar male larva, dorsal view (545–547, holotype).