Downeshelea multilineata (Lutz), 1914

Santarém, Maria Clara Alves, Borkent, Art, Spinelli, Gustavo & Felippe-Bauer, Maria Luiza, 2018, New Neotropical species of Downeshelea Wirth and Grogan and redescription of D. multilineata (Lutz) (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae), Journal of Natural History (J. Nat. Hist.) 52 (9 - 10), pp. 509-540 : 513-515

publication ID	https://doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2018.1437231
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:9FC2A016-1295-4047-877E-BC9030BD2BD2
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/375B87BE-FFC6-A607-27E8-CD8CFE58F91A
treatment provided by	Felipe
scientific name	Downeshelea multilineata (Lutz), 1914
status

Treatment

Downeshelea multilineata (Lutz), 1914 View in CoL

( Figures 1a–i View Figure 1 , 8a–b View Figure 8 , 10 View Figure 10 )

Palpomyia multilineata Lutz 1914: 93 View in CoL (male; Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; fig. wing).

Monohelea multilineata: Macfie 1940: 137 View in CoL ( Guyana record; misidentification) Johannsen 1943: 781 (combination); Lane 1945: 368 (redescription; fig. male genitalia; in part male specimen); Wirth 1953: 149 (notes; fig. male genitalia; in key; misidentification); Lane and Wirth 1964: 224 (distribution; fig. aedeagus, parameres; in key; misidentifi cation); Wirth 1974: 41 (distribution, Guyana record).

Monohelea ( Allohelea) multilineata: Wilkening et al. 1985: 524 View in CoL ( Florida records).

Downeshelea multilineata: Wirth and Grogan 1988: 52 View in CoL (combination); Borkent and Wirth 1997: 98 (in world catalogue); Borkent and Spinelli 2000: 47 (in Neotropical catalogue; distribution); Borkent and Spinelli 2007: 80 (in Neotropical catalogue; distribution); Borkent and Grogan2009: 20 (in Nearctic catalogue; distribution); Grogan et al. 2010: 35 (in Florida species list; distribution); Borkent 2016: 124 (in world catalogue); Santarém and Felippe-Bauer 2017: 16 (Brazilian distribution).

Diagnosis

Male. The only species of Downeshelea in the Americas with the following combination of features: gonostylus 0.58–0.67 length of gonocoxite; parameres fused for 0.13–0.23 of total length; stem straight, distal portion slightly curved ( Figure 8b View Figure 8 ); aedeagus subtriangular, basal arch V-shaped, extending to 0.41–0.46 of total length with two elliptical sclerotised areas ( Figure 8a View Figure 8 ).

Female. The only species of Downeshelea multilineata group in the Americas with medium-sized wing ( 1.12–1.17 mm) ( Figure 1d View Figure 1 ); midtarsomere 1 with 5–6 ventral spines; hind tibia brown; two unequal spermathecae ( Figure 1i View Figure 1 ).

Description

Male. Head. Eyes separated by a distance shorter than one ommatidia; antennal ratio 0.91–1.06 (0.97, n = 9); palpal ratio 2.20–2.75 (2.53, n = 9) ( Figure 1c View Figure 1 ).

Thorax. Brown, without definite pattern in slide-mounted specimens. Wing ( Figure 1a View Figure 1 )

with greyish spot over CuA 1, CuA 2 extending into cua 1, anal cell, reaching wing margin; 2 nd radial cell twice longer than 1 st; wing length 0.97–1.15 (1.05, n = 10) mm; breadth

0.32–0.40 (0.36, n = 10) mm; costal ratio 0.71–0.77 (0.75, n = 10). Halter brown, distal

portion of knob darker. Legs ( Figure 1b View Figure 1 ) brown, midtibia slightly paler basally, hind

femur darker subapically. Fore-, hind tarsomere 1 with one basal, one apical spine; midtarsomere 1 with two basal, two apical, 2–5 other ventral spines; apical spines of tarsomeres 2–4 of fore-, mid-, hind legs: 1–1–1, 2–2–2, 1–1–1; fore tarsal ratio 2.04–2.47 (2.26, n = 10), mid tarsal ratio 2.17–2.64 (2.43, n = 10), hind tarsal ratio 2.06–2.29 (2.21, n = 10); claws 0.33–0.54 (0.43, n = 11) length of their respective tarsomere 5.

Abdomen. Dark brown. Terminalia ( Figure 8a View Figure 8 ): tergite 9 with rounded apex, apicolateral process elongate, slender; sternite 9 nearly straight anteriorly, posterior margin with prominent convex median lobe bearing 3–4 long setae. Gonocoxite 1.90–2.40 (2.15, n = 10) times longer than basal width; gonostylus stout, 0.58–0.67 (0.63, n = 9) length of gonocoxite. Parameres ( Figure 8b View Figure 8 ) 0.96–1.21 (1.07, n = 10) times longer than aedeagus, fused for 0.13– 0.23 (0.19, n = 10) of total length; knob bulbous; stem straight, apex slightly expanded laterally in some specimens; distal portion slightly curved, 0.67–0.75 (0.71, n = 8) of total length. Aedeagus subtriangular, heavily sclerotised laterally, basal arch V-shaped, extending to 0.41–0.46 (0.43, n = 9) of total length with two elliptical, sclerotised anterior areas; posterior portion with deep mesal excavation terminating in two pointed serrate processes.

Female. Similar to male with usual sexual differences; eyes as in Figure 1e View Figure 1 , antennal ratio 1.02 (n = 1) ( Figure 1f View Figure 1 ); palpus as in Figure 1g View Figure 1 , palpal ratio 2.20 (n = 1); mandible with 11 teeth. Wing as in Figure 1d View Figure 1 ; wing length 1.12–1.17 (1.15, n = 5) mm; breadth 0.45–0.50 (0.48, n = 5) mm; costal ratio 0.77–0.81 (0.78, n = 5). Fore-, hind tarsomere 1 with one basal, one apical spine; midtarsomere 1 with two basal, two apical, 5–6 other ventral spines; apical spines of tarsomeres 2–4 of fore-, mid-, hind legs: 2–2–2, 2–2–1, 1–1–2; fore tarsal ratio 2.38–2.47 (2.42, n = 2), mid tarsal ratio 2.38–2.76 (2.56, n = 3), hind tarsal ratio 2.34– 2.44 (2.39, n = 4); fore leg claws 0.61–0.72 (0.67, n = 2) length of their tarsomere 5; mid leg claws missing; hind leg claw 1.18–1.22 (1.20, n = 2) as long as tarsomere 5 ( Figure 1h View Figure 1 ). Abdomen with genital sclerite not visible in slide-mounted specimen. Two unequal spermathecae ( Figure 1i View Figure 1 ), measuring 48–58 (51, n = 4) by 45 (n = 1) µm and 38–48 (44, n = 4) by 33–40 (36, n = 2) µm. Third rudimentary spermatheca not visible.

Specimens examined

Neotype male adult, labeled ‘ Neotype Downeshelea multilineata (Lutz) , BRAZIL, Rio de Janeiro, Jacarepaguá , May 1977, Paiva & Pereira cols.’ ( CCER) . Other specimens labeled as follows: 1 male, same data as neotype except July 1972, Tavares & Souza cols. ( CCER) ; 2 males, 5 females, same data except Maricá , 06 February 1990, FEEMA team cols. ( CCER) ; 2 males labeled ‘ Downeshelea multilineata (Lutz) , BRAZIL, Bahia , Itajuipe, Fazenda Almirante, 28 October 1988, emergence trap, J .A . Winder col .’ ( USNM) ( NEW RECORD); 5 males same data except 16 December 1988; 02 June 1989; 05 January 1990; 24 February 1992; 27 July 1992 (4 USNM, 1 CCER) .

Distribution and bionomics

This species is found in the USA ( Florida), Guyana (?) and Brazil (Bahia, Rio de Janeiro) ( Figure 10 View Figure 10 ). It has been found in coastal environments in the USA and forested areas in Brazil ( Rio de Janeiro). Wirth (1991, 1992)) and Ronderos and Spinelli (1999) indicated that the collections made by J.A. Winder in Fazenda Almirante, Itajuipe, Bahia, Brazil, were from cocoa plantations.

USNM	Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History
NEW	University of Newcastle

Copyright notice

No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.

Taxonomy

Kingdom	Animalia
Phylum	Arthropoda
Class	Insecta
Order	Diptera
Family	Ceratopogonidae
Genus	Downeshelea