Pseudogonalos Schulz, 1906

Chen, Hua-yan, van Achterberg, Cornelis, He, Jun-hua & Xu, Zai-fu, 2014, A revision of the Chinese Trigonalyidae (Hymenoptera, Trigonalyoidea), ZooKeys 385, pp. 1-207 : 61-62

Pseudogonalos Schulz, 1906 Figs 242-266

Trigonalis Spinola, 1840: 1 (attributed to Klug and as synonym of the earlier published Seminota Spinola, 1840; invalid according to Article 11.6 of the ICZN Code (1999)); Oehlke 1983: 93, 1984: 186 (as valid genus). According to Carmean and Kimsey (1998) Trigonalis Spinola is an incorrect spelling of Trigonalys Westwood, 1835, but Spinola (1841) indicated that he did not know the latter genus in 1840. The generic name Trigonalis was used by Lepeletier (1845) and later authors, and this action could made it available according to Article 11.6.1 of the ICZN Code (1999: "However, if such a name published as a junior synonym had been treated before 1961 as an available name and either adopted as the name of a taxon or treated as a senior homonym, it is made available thereby but dates from its first publication as a synonym"). However, these authors refer to Trigonalys Westwood, 1835, what makes Trigonalis Lepeletier, 1845, an invalid emendation of Trigonalys Westwood and, therefore, both Trigonalis Spinola and Trigonalis Lepeletier are unavailable names.

Abastus Guérin-Méneville, 1844: 84 (invalid). Type species (by original designation): Abastus macquartii Guérin-Méneville, 1844: 84 (nom. nud. and published as synonym of Trigonalys hahnii ).

Pseudogonalos Schulz, 1906: 209; Weinstein and Austin 1991: 424; Tsuneki 1991: 3; Lelej 1995: 12; Carmean and Kimsey 1998: 72. Type species (by monotypy): Trigonalis (!) hahnii Spinola, 1840.

Diagnosis.

Length of body 5.5-13.9 mm; antenna black and with 23-28 segments; area above supra-antennal elevations distinctly depressed, smooth, with low triangular or transverse protuberance between elevations and inner side of supra-antennal eleva tions flat, smooth and black (Figs 244, 256); tyloids on 11 th– 14th antennal segments of male short and nearly circular (Fig. 266); occipital carina widened medio-dorsally; apical segment of labial palp widened and obtuse, more or less triangular (Fig. 255); vertex normal, at most with slight median depression dorsally (Fig. 244); mandibles wide in anterior view and sublaterally attached to head (Fig. 243); metanotum strongly convex and finely sculptured medially (Fig. 249); anterior propodeal sulcus finely crenulate laterally (Fig. 249); fore wing with large dark patch below pterostigma; vein 1-SR of fore wing long (Figs 246, 258); hind trochanter black; hind tarsus slightly or not modified; second and third sternites of ♀ flat and moderately sclerotized and no protuberances (Fig. 264); body without pale pattern, at most malar space and margins of basal metasomal sternites and tergites narrowly ivory, remainder black.

Biology.

Reared as hyperparasitoid of Ichneumonidae in caterpillars and from Diprionidae ( Carmean and Kimsey 1998).

Key to species of Pseudogonalos Schulz, 1906