Baryconus europaeus ( Kieffer, 1908 )

Popovici, Ovidiu Alin, Masner, Lubomir, Notton, David G. & Popovici, Mariana, 2013, A review of Western Palaearctic Amblyscelio and Baryconus (Hymenoptera: Platygastroidea, Platygastridae), Zootaxa 3599 (4), pp. 325-342 : 334-339

Baryconus europaeus ( Kieffer, 1908)

( Figs 4 C–D, 4G, 6, 7)

Hoploteleia europaea Kieffer, 1908: 176 ; Kieffer, 1910: 308; Kieffer, 1914: 337; Kieffer, 1926: 365, 368; Masi, 1933: 23. Hoploteleia europaea var. punctata Kieffer, 1908: 177 . Hoploteleia punctata: Kieffer, 1914: 338 ; Kieffer, 1926: 365, 368. Hoploteleia montana Szabó, 1971: 314 . Baryconus europaeus: Bin, 1974: 455 ; Kozlov, 1978: 614; Kozlov & Kononova, 1990: 205, 206; Kononova, 1995: 73; Kononova & Kozlov, 2008: 186, 188. Baryconus punctatus: Bin, 1974: 455 ; Kononova & Kozlov, 2008: 188. Baryconus montanus: Bin, 1976: 63 ; Kononova & Kozlov, 2008: 188. Baryconus orbus Kononova, 2008 syn. nov.

Female

For measurements including body length see Table 1.

Colour: body black; wings transparent, veins brown; antenna in all specimens from Portugal and France entirely dark brown, but in some specimens from Italy, ends of scape lighter (reddish) than rest of antenna, also in some specimens from Madeira, the ends of scape and A3–5 lighter than rest of antennomeres. In specimens from Turkey and Cyprus ends of scape lighter than rest of antenna and in female from Cyprus, A2–5 lighter than rest of antenna. Legs: coxae dark; femora brown, with light brown ends in specimens from Portugal, Madeira, France and Italy, but in specimen from Turkey femora light brown and in specimens from Cyprus femora reddish-yellow; tibiae light brown to yellow; tarsi with last two segments darker than rest of tarsus; mandible dark brown, lighter in specimens from Turkey and Cyprus.

Head in dorsal view transverse. Head, excluding frontal depression, covered with long silvery hairs. Hyperoccipital carina absent. Occipital carina present, strong, complete. Occiput smooth, glabrous, with a single row of setose tubercles below occipital carina. Vertex rugose-reticulate, interocellar space longitudinally reticulate. Compound eye large, glabrous. Inner orbits diverging below. Space between anterior ocellus and frontal depression longitudinally reticulate. Temple and space between compound eye and frontal depression shagreened. Orbital carina absent. Frontal depression deep, delimited laterally by the strong submedian carina. Frontal depression with conspicuous transverse striae. Central keel absent. Interantennal prominence conspicuous; torulus opening on anterofrontal surface of prominence. Malar sulcus deep and conspicuous. Genal carina present. Facial striae absent. Clypeus rectangular, prominent, with 4 long setae. Labrum apically with a row of long setae. Mandible stout, short, apex tridentate, teeth subequal, acute, median tooth shortest, dorsal and ventral teeth the longer, subequal. Number of maxillary palpomeres: 4. Number of labial palpomeres 2. Antenna with 12 antennomeres.

Dorsal margin of mesosoma, in lateral view, weakly convex. Dorsal epomial carina present, conspicuous. Pronotal shoulder weakly developed. Longitudinal epomial carina absent so that the distinction between the cervical and lateral pronotal areas is not clear. Pronotal cervix small, hardly visible in dorsal view. Lateral pronotal areas broad, weakly concave. Concavity of lateral pronotal area rugulose to punctuate, lustrous, glabrous. Posterodorsal corner of lateral pronotal area, between dorsal epomial carina and netrion with a small area of silvery setae. Pronotal suprahumeral sulcus, short, visible over the dorsal epomial carina. Dorsal pronotal area, in dorsal view, areolate-rugose. Netrion present, sub-triangular, glabrous, open, strongly transversely costate, in places forming small rectangular cellules. Mesoscutum, weakly convex. Skaphion absent. Admedian lines absent. Notauli present, percurrent, divergent, usually deeply incised. Notaulus widening posteriorly. Humeral and suprahumeral sulci crenulate, indistinct, humeral sulcus more conspicuous that suprahumeral. Parapsidal line absent. The longitudinal median mesoscutal line complete, with same form as notauli. Parascutal carina absent. Mesoscutum shagreened with scattered shallow punctures with long setae. Sculpture areolate-rugose between notauli, near transscutal articulation. Transscutal articulation deep, narrow. Scutellum transverse. Mesoscutellum with areolate rugose sculpture. Axilla areolate rugose, sculpture of axilla more evident than sculpture of mesoscutellum. Mesoscutellum convex, unarmed, posterior rim conspicuous, crenulate. Metascutellum produced into a sharp, elongate spine. Mesopleuron glabrous in middle, ventrally and laterally densely hairy. Subalar pit well developed, conspicuous. Speculum visible between subalar pit and femoral depression, with 3–5 transverse ridges. Femoral depression large, deep, glabrous, lustrous, substrigulate. Pleural pit present. Mesopleural carina absent. Posterodorsal corner of mesopleuron obtuse. Mesepimeral sulcus, alveolate. Posterior mesepimeral area very narrow. Sternaulus indistinct. Propodeum, in dorsal view, reduced, areolate-rugose, excavate medially, with many setae. Lateral propodeal carinae very close to each other, metasomal depression narrow. Lateral propodeal area areolate-rugose, with dense setae. Setae more dense laterally than medially. Metapleuron entirely sculptured and covered with hairs. Metapleural sulcus absent. Metapleural carina and metapleural pit present. Apex of fore wing hardly surpassing apex of metasoma. Fore wing with tubular submarginal, marginal, postmarginal and stigmal veins and with spectral medial, anal, basal, discoidal and radial veins. Hind wing with 3 hamuli and with complete submarginal vein. Tibial spur formula 1:1:1. First leg the shortest.

Metasoma elongate, depressed, with 6 visible terga and 6 visible sterna. Laterotergites well developed, narrow. T1 anterior margin not carinate, sublaterally without shallow depressions, without horn, longitudinally costate. T2 longitudinally costate. Sculpture of T3 areolate-rugulose. T6 subrectangular, apical spines present. T4–T6 shagreened.

Male

Similar to female, differs in:

Colour: A2 hardly lighter than other antennomeres, A3–12 brown. Legs yellow, with dark coxae and middle of

femora brown. Metasoma with 7 visible terga and 7 visible sterna. For measurements including body length see Table 1.

Baryconus europaeus ( Kieffer, 1908) .

RATIOS male (n = 32) female

Length of body (mm) 2.4–2.7 (2.65 ± 0.08) 2.5–2.8 (2.6 ± 0.08, n= 48) WH/LH 1.7–1.8 (1.7 ± 0.04) 1.5–1.8 (1.7 ± 0.04, n=48) WH/Wmesosoma 0.9–1 (0.94 ± 0.02) 1.0–1.1 (1.0 ± 0.02, n=21) LE/Lt 1.5–2.1 (1.8 ± 0.2) 1.7–2.5 (2.0 ± 0.2, n=21) HE/LE 1.2–1.4 (1.3 ± 0.04) 1.2–1.3 (1.2 ± 0.03, n=21) HE/ length of cheek 1.3–1.7 (1.5 ± 0.1) 1.3–1.8 (1.5 ± 0.1, n=21) TDPO/OOL 1.3–2.5 (2 ± 0.1) 1.4–2.6 (1.7 ± 0.2, n=48) POL/LOL 1.7–2.2 (1.9 ± 0.1) 1.6–1.97 (1.8 ± 0.08, n=48) distance between eyes/POL 1.6–1.9 (1.8±0.07) 1.60–1.94 (1.77±0.06, n=48) LA1/wA1 4.4–6 (5.5 ± 0.4) 5.8–7.7 (6.3 ± 0.4, n=21) LA1/LA2 3.3–4.8 (4.4 ± 0.4) 3.6–5.3 (4.3 ± 0.4, n=21) LA2/wA2 0.9–1.5 (1.3 ± 0.1) 1.5–2.7 (2.0 ± 0.3, n=21) LA2/LA3 0.5–0.8 (0.6 ± 0.01) 0.6–1.0 (0.9 ± 0.1, n=21) LA3/wA3 1.4–2 (1.8 ± 0.1) 2.3–3.0 (2.6 ± 0.2, n=21) LA3/LA4 1–1.2 (1.2 ± 0.1) 1.2–2.0 (1.5 ± 0.2, n=21) LA4/wA4 1.3–1.6 (1.5 ± 0.1) 1.4–2.0 (1.7 ± 0.2, n=21) LA4/LA5 1.0–1.1 (1.0 ± 0.04) 1.0–1.2 (1.1 ± 0.1, n=21) wA4/wA5 0.8–1.0 (0.9±0.06) 0.8–1 (0.9±0.08, n=21) LA5/wA5 1.1–1.6 (1.4 ± 0.1) 1.2–1.7 (1.3 ± 0.1, n=21) LA5/LA6 1.0–1.3 (1.2 ± 0.1) 1.0–1.7 (1.3 ± 0.2, n=21) LA6/wA6 1.0–1.4 (1.3 ± 0.1) 0.7–1.2 (1.0 ± 0.1, n=21) LA6/LA7 0.8–1.2 (1.0 ± 0.05) 0.7–1.3 (1.0 ± 0.1, n=21) LA12/wA12 2.2–3.0 (2.5 ± 0.2) 1.4–2.0 (1.6 ± 0.2, n=21) LA12/LA11 1.4–1.8 (1.6 ± 0.1) 1.2–1.6 (1.4 ± 0.1, n=21) L/W of mesosoma 1.1–1.3 (1.2 ± 0.04) 1.2–1.3 (1.2 ± 0.03, n=21) L mesoscutum/Lscut 2.5–2.9 (2.7 ±0.1) 2.3–3.2 (2.7±0.2, n=48) Wscut/Lscut 1.6–2.0 (1.8 ± 0.1) 1.6–2.3 (1.9 ± 0.1, n=48) Lmesoscutellum/

Lmetascutellum 3.0–4.2 (3.7 ± 0.4) 3.0–4.25 (3.6 ± 0.4, n=21) W/Lmetascutellum 2.2–3.2 (2.7 ± 0.3) 2.2–3.2 (2.8 ± 0.3, n=21)

...... continued on the next page Baryconus europaeus ( Kieffer, 1908) .

Material examined

PORTUGAL: 3 females, Viseu, Silgueiros, Póvoa, Dão, Malaise trap, 3–8.ix.2009, leg. J. Almeida ( OPPC); 1 female, Madeira, São Martinho, 18.vii.1987, M.W.R. de V. Graham coll., BMNH (E)1995-177; 1 female, Madeira, Boca de Risco, 24.vii.1987, M.W.R. de V. Graham coll., BMNH (E)1995-489; 2 females Madeira, São Martinho, 9.viii.1985, M.W.R. de V. Graham coll., BMNH (E)1995-489; 2 females Madeira, between Boca de Risco and Espigão Amarelo, 22.viii.1987, M.W.R. de V. Graham coll., BMNH (E)1995-489; 2 females Madeira, São Martinho, 18.vii.1987, M.W.R. de V. Graham coll., BMNH (E)1995-489; 1 female & 1 male, Madeira, São Martinho, 18.vii.1987, M.W.R. de V. Graham coll., BMNH (E)1995-489; 1 male, Madeira, Funchal, Quinta da Achada, 17–23.viii.1978, leg. A. Harvey; 1 male, Madeira, São Martinho, 9.viii.1985, M.W.R. de V. Graham coll., BMNH (E)1995-489; 1 male, Madeira, São Martinho, 20.vii.1985, M.W.R. de V. Graham coll., BMNH (E)1995- 489; 1 male, Madeira, São Martinho, 9.viii.1985, M.W.R. de V. Graham coll., BMNH (E)1995-489. FRANCE: 4 males, Bouches du Rhône, Fonscolombe, 10.viii.1983, M.W.R. de V. Graham coll., BMNH (E) 1995-177; 9 males, Bouches du Rhône, Fonscolombe, 10.viii.1983, M.W.R. de V. Graham coll., BMNH (E)1995-489; 1 female, Bouches du Rhône, Fonscolombe, 22.viii.1983, M.W.R. de V. Graham coll., BMNH (E)1995-489; 1 male, Bouches du Rhône, Fonscolombe, 1.ix.1983, M.W.R. de V. Graham coll., BMNH (E)1995-489; 1 male, Bouches du Rhône, Fonscolombe, 4.viii.1986, M.W.R. de V. Graham coll., BMNH (E)1995-489; 3 males, Château-Arnoux, 10.viii.1972, leg. Bouček; 1 male, Dordogne, Simeyrols, nr. Souillac, 2.viii.1974, M.W.R. de V. Graham coll., BMNH (E)1995-489; 6 females & 1 male, Hérault, Grabels, 7.ix.1989, leg. H. Tussac ( CNCI); 1 female, Hérault, Grabels, 8.ix.1979, leg. J. Huber ( CNCI); 1 female, Dépt. Gard, 16.ix.1981, leg. M.I. Gijswijt ( CNCI); 1 female Dépt. Var, 5.ix.1981, leg. M.I. Gijswijt ( CNCI); 1 female & 1 male, Dépt. Var, 8.ix.1981, leg. M.I. Gijswijt ( CNCI); 4 males, Ardèche,, Vallon Pont d’Arc, 26.viii.1990, leg. H. Aderlenc, Malaise trap ( CNCI); 1 male, Ardèche, Vallon Pont d’Arc, 26.viii.1990, leg. H. Aderlenc ( CNCI); 1 male, near Montpellier, 8–14.iv.1979, leg. J. Huber ( CNCI). 3 females, Hérault, Les Lavagnes, 14.ix.2012, 43º46’24.6"N; 3º32’3.1"E, leg. Fusu L. and Delvare G. SPAIN: 2 females & 3 males, Mallorca, Polenca, oak forest, 28.viii.1996, leg. J. S. Noyes ( CNCI); 1 female, Mallorca, 10km SE Manacor, 23.viii.1996, leg. J. S. Noyes ( CNCI); 3 males, Mallorca, Line, 1000m, oak forest, 25.viii.1996, leg. J. S. Noyes ( CNCI). ITALY: 4 males & 2 females, Varazze near Genova, 4.ix.1971, leg. Z. Bouček, 1 male, Monte Argentario, ix.1974, leg. J. S. Noyes, B.M. 1974-645; 2 males, Ceriale near Albenga, 3.ix.1972, leg. Z. Bouček; 1 male, Sicily, Balestrate, 6–10.ix.1982, G. Mineo, yellow pan trap ( CNCI). CROATIA: 1 male, 10 km s. e. of Dubrovnik, Srebreno env., 42º37’16.7”N, 18º11’ 43.27E, 23–25.vii.2005, steppe above village, leg. Petr Jansta ( CNCI); 2 female, Lošinj, ix.1964, leg. Mikula ( NMPC). TURKEY: 1 male, Içel, Gilindire, sea level, 25–27.viii.1963, leg. E. James, B.M.1963-608. CYPRUS: 1 female, Ayia Mavi, Krios R., 7.ix.1937, leg. G.A. Mavromoustakis, B.M.1937-808; 4 males, Cherkes, 6.viii.1934, 28.viii.1934, 31.viii.1934 & 1.ix.1934, leg. G.A. Mavromoustakis, B.M. 1935-55; 1 female, Kilani, Krios R. 8.x.1937, leg. G.A. Mavromoustakis, B.M.1937-808; 1 female, Limassol, 16.vi.1934, leg. G.A. Mavromoustakis, B.M. 1935-55; 1 female, Mandria, 16.vii.1937, leg. G.A. Mavromoustakis, B.M.1937-808; 2 females Pera Pedi, 1.ix.1937 & 18.ix.1937, leg. G.A. Mavromoustakis, B.M.1937-808; 2 females Pera Pedi, Krios R., 9.ix.1937 & 17.ix.1937, leg. G.A. Mavromoustakis, B.M.1937-808; 1 male & 1 female, 4 miles s. w. of Kyrenia, S. Hilarion, 24.viii. 1993, 600m, leg. Noyes ( CNCI). MOROCCO: 1 female, Marakech, Ouirgane, 1000m, 31º08’N, 8º05’W, 5–12.vii. 1996, C. Kassebeer ( CNCI); 1 female, Marakech, Ouirgane, 1000m, 31º08’N, 8º05’W, 22–28.ix. 1996, C. Kassebeer, Malaise trap ( CNCI); 1 female, Marakech, Ouirgane, 1000m, 31º08’N, 8º05’W, 28.ix–4.x. 1997, C. Kassebeer, Malaise trap ( CNCI); 1 female, Marakech, Ouirgane, 1000m, 31º08’N, 8º05’W, 10–16.ix. 1997, C. Kassebeer MT ( CNCI); 2 males, Marrakech, Ouirgane, 1000m, 31º08’N, 8º05’W, 16–22.ix. 1996, C. Kassebeer, Malaise trap ( CNCI); 2 males, Marrakech, Ouirgane, 1000m, 31º08’N, 8º05’W, 22–28.ix.1996, leg. C. Kassebeer, Malaise trap ( CNCI); 1 male, Marrakech Ouirgane, 1000m, 31º08’N, 8º05’W, 18.viii–4.ix.1996, leg. C. Kassebeer, Malaise trap ( CNCI); 1 male, Marrakech, Ouirgane, 1000m, 31º08’N, 8º05’W, 28.ix–4.x.1997, leg. C. Kassebeer, Malaise trap ( CNCI); 1 male, Marrakech, Ouirgane, 1000m, 31º08’N, 8º05’W, 4–10.ix.1996, leg. C. Kassebeer, MT ( CNCI). UAE: 1 female, Wadi Wurayah farm, 25.23N, 56.19E, 31.v–14.vi.2009, Malaise trap, A. van Harten ( CNCI); 1 female, Wadi Safad, 25.13N, 56.19E, 6–13.v.2006, light trap, A. van Harten ( CNCI).

Distribution ( Fig. 6 )

Baryconus europaeus is widely distributed across the Palaearctic region.

Figures

FIGURE 4. Bright field images of Baryconus species. A, Baryconus graeffei, female, dorsal view; B, B. graeffei, female lateral view; C, B. europaeus, female, dorsal view; D, B. europaeus, female, lateral view; E – G, Posterior mesonotum and metanotum, dorsal view: E, B graeffei; F, B. americanus; G, B. europaeus.

FIGURE 6. Distribution map of Baryconus europaeus (Kieffer, 1908) (red spots – new data; yellow spots – data from Johnson, 2011).