Cidariplura atayal

Wu, Shipher, Owada, Mamoru, Shiao, Shiuh-Feng & Yen, Shen-Horn, 2013, Review of the genus Cidariplura Butler, 1879 (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Herminiinae) in Taiwan with descriptions of four new species, Zootaxa 3746 (1), pp. 143-160 : 152-154

Cidariplura atayal Wu & Owada sp. nov.

( Figs 29, 30 , 45, 46 , 60 , 78 , 86 )

Cidariplura signata: Wang, 1994: 399 , part, nec Butler, 1879.

Type material: Holotype. Male, TAIWAN, Ilan County, Mingchih, Tianwan, 1050 m, 18-VI- 2012, leg. S. Wu ( Fig. 29 )(coll. TFRI). Paratypes. TA I WA N. 5 males 2 females, same collecting data; 1 male, same collecting data, slide TFRI00143015; 1 male, same collecting data, slide TFRI00164966; 1 female, same collecting data, slide TFRI00164958; 1 male, Ilan County, Fushan Botanical Garden, 750 m, 13-III-1991, leg. Y. B. Fan; 1 male, same collecting locality, 15-VIII-2011, leg. S. Wu; 1 female, Nantou County, Lianhuachih, 600 m, 23-IV- 2009, leg. C. C. Kuo; 1 male, same collecting locality, 10-VIII-2010, leg. C. C. Kuo; 1male, Chiayi County, Shanmei, 800 m, 14-V-2011, leg. S. Wu & W. C. Chang (coll. TFRI); 1 male, Nantou County, Xituo, 5-VII-1981, leg. B. S. Chang (coll. NMNS).

Diagnosis. This new species is closely related with C. nigrisigna based on the similarity of genitalia. A careful comparison for both species reveals several differences as given in the diagnosis of C. nigrisigna .

Description. Measures. Wingspan 29–33 mm in males (n= 12); 30–31 mm in females (n= 4). Eye large; antenna ciliate, male with a pair of long bristles on each segment, length of bristle 3 X diameter of shaft in median region. Head, all segments of thorax as well as femur, tibia and 1st tarsal segment ochreous. Male labial palpus ( Fig. 78 ) specialized as follows: 1st segment very long, upcurved along frons, surpassing vertex, smoothly covered with ordinarary scales; 2nd segment bent at a right angle from the 1st, slender, slightly curved, 1.25 X longer than 1st, reaching the medial part of thorax, internally with specialized ochreous scales which are elongated and enlarged at their apices; 3rd long and stout, nearly as long as 2nd, internally with long ochreous scales which are slender and almost twice as long as those in the 2nd. Labial palpus in female normal, sickleshaped. Legs normal, male foretibial with presence of a spine at the apex ( Fig. 86 ). Forewing broad, slightly excurved, apex near right-angled; ground coloration ochreous, scattered with dense brown spots; antemedial, postmedial and submarginal lines distinct, ochreous tinged with brown margins at two lateral sides, respectively, the two former smoothly excurved, the latter strongly serrate, innerside of postmedial and submarignal lines between costal margin and vein M1 dark brown; orbicular and reniform stigmas black, the former small, the latter moderate size, M-shaped; marginal part covered with small, triangular black stigma in each cell; marginal scales ochreous brown mixed with brown at apex of each vein. Hindwing ochreoush brown; discal spot small, round and dark brown; medial line straight, dark brown without distinct outline, outerside between vein M3 to tornus tinged with ochreous; postmarginal line serrate, ochreous; marginal part covered with small black stigma in each cell; marginal scales ochreous brown mixed with brown at apex of each vein. Abdomen brown, 8th segment unmodified. Male genitalia ( Figs 45, 46 ) – Uncus broad, stout. Tegumen and vinculum long, same in length; saccus V-shaped. Valva trifurcate, costal process long, sclerotized, distal portion of valva broad, membranous, apex prominent, saccular process broader and shorter, apex round, covered with short hair tufts. Juxta long plate-like, transtilla indistinct. Aedeagus stout, straight, 1.33 X longer than valva; vesica well scobinated, without cornutus. Female genitalia ( Fig. 60 ) – Ovipositor lobe membranous with short hair-like setae; both pairs of apophyses slender, moderate length; ductus bursae long, with a pair of broad lateral sclerites flatterned at basal portion. Corpus bursae elliptic, as long as ductus bursae, basal half part wrinkled; ductus seminalis arising from lateral side of corpus bursae, slightly broadened and coiled at basal portion.

Etymology. The new species is named after one of the indigenous tribes, the Atayal , in northern and northern central Taiwan. The distribution range of the new species roughly overlaps that of the Atayal tribe.

Distribution and bionomics. This is a rare species endemic to Taiwan. It occurs in low to mid- elevations primary forests of the whole island. The adults appear in June then reappear in September and October, and suggesting they are possibly bivoltine.

Taxonomic notes. This species was previously misidentified as C. signata (Butler, 1879) ( Figs 27, 28 , 43, 44 , 61 , 77 , 85 ) by Wang (1994: 399). Both species can be easily distinguished from each other even by the external appearance as illustrated in this study.

Figures

FIGURE 27 – 34. Dorsal views of the Cidariplura species. 27. Cidariplura signata (Butler, 1879), male, Japan; 28. ditto, female, Japan; 29. C. atayal Wu & Owada sp. nov., male, holotype; 30. ditto, female, Taiwan, 31. C. ochreistigma (Leech, 1900), male, S. China; 32. C. nigristigmata (Leech, 1900), male, S. China; 33. C. ilana Wu & Owada sp. nov.; 34. ditto, female, paratype. Specimens courtesy of: NSMT (27, 28, 31, 32), TFRI (29, 30), NMNS (33 – 34). Bar scale = 10 mm. Photo by Shipher Wu.

FIGURE 35 – 46. Male genitalia of the Cidariplura species. 35, 36. C. gladiata Butler, 1879, Taiwan; 37, 38. C. shanmeii Wu & Owada sp. nov., Taiwan; 39, 40. C. nigrisigna (Wileman, 1915), Taiwan; 41, 42. C. maraho Wu & Owada sp. nov., Taiwan; 43, 44. C. signata (Butler, 1879), Japan; 45, 46. C. atayal Wu & Owada sp. nov., Taiwan; 35, 37, 39, 41, 43, 45. Male genitalia without aedeagus; 36, 38, 40, 42, 44, 46. Aedeagus. Bar scale = 1 mm. Specimens courtesy of: TFRI (35 – 42, 45, 46), NSMT (43, 44). Photo by Shipher Wu.

FIGURE 57 – 67. Female genitalia of the Cidariplura species. 57. C. bilineat a (Wileman & South, 1919), Taiwan; 58. C. brevivittalis (Moore, 1867), Nepal; 59. C. nigrisigna (Wileman, 1915), Taiwan; 60. C. atayal Wu & Owada sp. nov., Taiwan; 61. C. signata (Butler, 1879), Japan; 62. C. maraho Wu & Owada sp. nov., Taiwan; 63. C. gladiata Butler, 1879, Taiwan; 64. C. shanmeii Wu & Owada sp. nov., Taiwan; 65. C. nigristigmata (Leech, 1900), S. China; 66.

FIGURE 68 – 78. Male labial palpus of the Cidariplura species. 68. C. gladiata Butler, 1879, Taiwan; 69. C. shanmeii Wu & Owada sp. nov., Taiwan; 70. C. bilineata (Wileman & South, 1919), Taiwan; 71. C. brevivittalis (Moore, 1867), Nepal; 72. C. nigrisigna (Wileman, 1915), Taiwan; 73. C. maraho Wu & Owada sp. nov., Taiwan; 74. C. nigristigmata (Leech, 1900), S. China; 75. C. ochreistigma (Leech, 1900), S. China; 76. C. ilana Wu & Owada sp. nov., Taiwan; 77. C. signata (Butler, 1879), Japan; 78. C. atayal Wu & Owada sp. nov., Taiwan. Bar scale = 1 mm. Specimens courtesy of: TFRI (68 – 70, 72, 73, 78), NSMT (71, 74, 75, 77), NMNS (76). Photo by Shipher Wu.

FIGURE 79 – 89. Male foreleg of the Cidariplura species. 79. C. gladiata Butler, 1879, Taiwan; 80. C. shanmeii Wu & Owada sp. nov., Taiwan; 81. C. nigrisigna (Wileman, 1915), Taiwan; 82. C. maraho Wu & Owada sp. nov., Taiwan; 83. C. brevivittalis (Moore, 1867), N. India; 84. C. bilineata (Wileman & South, 1919), Taiwan; 85. C. signata (Butler, 1879), Japan; 86. C. atayal Wu & Owada sp. nov., Taiwan; 87. C. ilana Wu & Owada sp. nov., Taiwan; 88. C. ochreistigma (Leech, 1900), S. China; 89. C. nigristigmata (Leech, 1900), S. China. Bar scale = 1 mm. TFRI (79 – 82, 84, 86), NSMT (83, 85, 88, 89), NMNS (87). Photo by Shipher Wu.