Argopistes biplagiatus Motschulsky, 1860

Lee, Chi-Feng, Chiang, Ming-Yao & Suenaga, Haruki, 2024, The genus Argopistes Motschulsky from Japan and Taiwan, with descriptions of three new species from Taiwan (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, Galerucinae, Alticini), ZooKeys 1215, pp. 151-183 : 151-183

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.3897/zookeys.1215.134871
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:C57CB315-F15F-4D98-868A-EFEA22BC64A3
DOI	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13937147
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1E6FA533-3D44-50B2-82C0-1DE5C5B9AB4E
treatment provided by	ZooKeys by Pensoft
scientific name	Argopistes biplagiatus Motschulsky, 1860
status

Treatment

Figs 2 A – F View Figure 2 , 3 View Figure 3 , 4 View Figure 4

Argopistes biplagiatus Motschulsky, 1860: 236 (Amur: Russian Far East and northeastern China); Csiki 1940: 523 (catalogue); Chûjô and Kimoto 1961: 174 (catalogue); Kimoto 1965: 436 (redescription); Lee and An 2001: 182 ( South Korea); Lee and Cho 2006: 91 (host plants); Takizаwa 2012: 38 (faunistics).

Argopistes flavitarsis Motschulsky, 1860: 137 (chromatic variation).

Argopistes limbatus Motschulsky, 1860: 137 (chromatic variation).

Argopistes suturalis Motschulsky, 1860: 137 (chromatic variation).

Argopistes undecimmaculata Jacoby, 1885: 738 ( Japan: Sapporo); Chûjô 1936: 109 (catalogue); Csiki 1940: 524 (catalogue).

Type material examined.

Argopistes biplagiatus . • 11 syntypes glued on the same card ( ZMMU) (Fig. 2 A – D View Figure 2 ): “ type [h, w] // Amur [h, r] // Argopistes / biplagiatus / Amur. m. Motsch [h, w, with black border] // Syntypus [p, r] // Ȝoomyȝeň Mry (Mockba, POCCNR) / No ZMMU Col 03056 / Zool. Mus. Mosq. Univ. / (Mosquae, RUSSIA) / ex coll. V. I. Motschulsky [p, pink label] ” .

Argopistes undecimmaculata . Lectotype • (here designated, sex undetermined, NHMUK) (Fig. 2 E, F View Figure 2 ): “ Type / H. T. [p, w, circle label with red border] // SYN- / TYPE [p, w, circle label with blue border] // Sapporo / 5. VIII- 16. VIII. 80. [p, w] // Japan / G. Lewis. / 1910-320 [p, w] // Sap [h, w] ” . Paralectotypes • 1 (sex undetermined, NHMUK): “ SYN- / TYPE [p, circle label with blue border] // Sapporo / 5. VIII- 16. VIII. 80. [p, w] // Japan / G. Lewis. / 1910-320 [p, w] // Argopistes / 11 maculata Jac [h, b] ” ; • 1 ♀ ( TARI): “ Sapporo [h] / JAPAN [p] / 10. VIII. 1880 [h] / Col. G. LEWIS [p, w] // Argopistes / undecimmaculata / Jacoby [h] / DET. M. CHUJO [p, w] // CO / Type [p, w, circle label with yellow letters and border] / 1526 [p, w] ” .

Additional material examined.

Japan. Hokkaido: • 1 ♀ ( HAPC), Sapporo-shi, Hokkaido University , 15. X. 2011, leg. H. Suenaga ; Honshu. Aichi: • 1 ♂ ( SEHU), Toyohashi-shi, Imou-shitsugen , 8. IV. 1989, leg. Y. Komiya ; Ibaraki: • 1 ♀ ( HIPC), Daigo, Uenomiya, Mt. Yamizo-san , 28. V. 2917, leg. H. Yoshitake ; • 1 ♂ ( SEHU), Sakura-mura, Sakura-gawa Riv. , 1. VI. 1986, leg. Y. Komiya ; Ishikawa: • 1 ♀ ( HAPC), Mt. Haku-san, Betsuzan-dô , 21. V. 2016, leg. H. Kawase ; Shizuoka: • 1 ♂, 2 ♀ ( SEHU), Izu-peninsula, Mt. Manzaburo-dake , 19. V. 1980, leg. J. Okuma ; • 1 ♀ ( SEHU), Tagata-gum, Tohi , 4. V. 1985, leg. Y. Komiya ; Tokyo: • 1 ♂ ( NHMUK), Katsushika-ku, Mizumoto Kôen Park , 8. V. 2005, leg. Y. Komiya ; Shikoku. Ehime: • 1 ♂ ( HAPC), Kumakôgen-chô, Mt. Saragamine , 7. VI. 2009, leg. H. Suenaga ; • 1 ♂, 2 ♀ ( HAPC), Matsuyama-shi, Mt. Takanawa-san , 12. V. 2007, leg. S, Sejima ; Kyushu. • 3 ♂, 1 ♀ ( TARI), Mt. Hiko-san , 14. VIII. 1941, leg. M. Chûjô ; Fukuoka: • 2 ♂ ( HAPC), Soeda-machi, Mt. Hiko-san , 8. VIII. 2009, leg. S. Sejima ; Russian Far East. Primorsky Krai: • 2 ♂ ( NHMUK), Lazovski Zapovednik, 170 m E Vladivostok, Korpad , 28. V. - 6. VI. 2001, leg. M. Quest ; • 1 ♂ ( NHMUK), Odarkovskij, Zavod , 25. IV. 1911, leg. A. Tsherskij ; • 1 ♂ ( NHMUK), Wladiwostok , leg. Herman Frieb. ; South Korea. • 1 ♀ ( TARI), Sulgen , 15. VII. 1932, leg. D. Okamoto ; Taiwan. Taipei: • 1 ♂, 1 ♀ ( TARI), Kueitzukeng (貴仔坑), 4. XII. 2006, leg. H. - T. Cheng ; • 1 ♀ ( TARI), same but with “ leg. H. Lee ” ; • 1 ♂ ( TARI), same locality, 9. IX. 2007, leg. M. - H. Tsou ; • 1 ♀ ( TARI), same but with “ 18. XI. 2007 ” ; • 2 ♀ ( TARI), Tienmu (天母), 8. XII. 2006, leg. S. - F. Yu.

Diagnosis.

Adults of Argopistes biplagiatus are similar to those of A. rufus with similar color pattern but differing from A. rufus possessing line of punctures that are less coarse than those between the lines, sometimes confused (lines of punctures much coarser than those between lines in A. rufus ) and a wider interspace between eyes. Genitalic characters are more diagnostic for both species. Those of A. biplagiatus possess pointed apices (Fig. 3 C View Figure 3 ) and are wider in lateral view (Fig. 3 D View Figure 3 ) (widely rounded apex (Fig. 5 C View Figure 5 ) and narrow aedeagus in lateral view (Fig. 6 D View Figure 6 ) in A. rufus ); females have narrow, parallel-sided bases of gonocoxae (Fig. 3 G View Figure 3 ) (medially widened gonocoxae (Fig. 5 G View Figure 5 ) in A. rufus ), and ventrite VIII evenly rounded and with dense setae on apical margin (Fig. 4 E View Figure 4 ) (medially depressed and without setae on median area of apical margin of abdominal ventrite VIII (Fig. 5 E View Figure 5 ) in A. rufus ).

In addition, adults of A. biplagiatus in Taiwan are larger (4.7–4.9 mm) than those of A. rufus (3.8–4.3 mm). Moreover, distinct color patterns occur in both species respectively (black elytra with reddish brown at middle in A. biplagiatus ; yellowish brown elytra with distinct arrangement of black spots in A. rufus ).

Redescription.

Length 4.4–4.9 mm, width 3.5–3.8 mm. Color variable (see below). Pronotum broad, convex, lateral margin narrowly explanate; 2.0–2.2 × wider than long, disc with dense coarse punctures; lateral margin rounded, anterior margin strongly concave, posterior margin moderately convex. Intercoxal prosternal process flattened and with coarse punctures, delimited by narrow ridge on apical and lateral margins, truncate or slightly rounded at apex. Elytra broadly oval, 1.1 × longer than wide, disc with dense, confused, coarse punctures. Abdominal ventrite I with intercoxal area 2.0 × as long as wide, widest at basal 1 / 5, disc glabrous, rounded by reversed U-shaped ridge, provided with a row of coarse punctures inside subparallel lateral ridges.

Male. Antenna filiform (Fig. 3 A View Figure 3 ), antennomere I much longer than others, approximate ratios of length of antennomeres I – XI 1.0: 0.3: 0.2: 0.4: 0.4: 0.3: 0.4: 0.4: 0.4: 0.4: 0.6; approximate ratios of length to width of antennomeres I – XI 4.4: 1.9: 1.7: 2.4: 2.0: 1.6: 1.6: 1.8: 1.7: 1.7: 2.9. Aedeagus (Fig. 3 C, D View Figure 3 ) apically and strongly narrowed from apical 1 / 5, slightly narrowed from apical 2 / 10–3 / 10, then slightly and basally widened towards basal 1 / 6, apex pointed; anterior opening very small, from apex to apical 3 / 10; tectum composed of one pair of sclerotized processes with apices twisted; extremely wide and straight in lateral view; paired processes straight in lateral view; endophallic sclerite laterally flattened, with small process near apex, and with basal processes membranous.

Female. Antenna (Fig. 3 B View Figure 3 ) similar to males, ratios of length of antennomeres I – XI 1.0: 0.3: 0.2: 0.3: 0.3: 0.3: 0.3: 0.3: 0.3: 0.3: 0.6; ratios of length to width of antennomeres I – XI 4.5: 2.0: 1.7: 2.0: 1.9: 1.7: 1.5: 1.6: 1.3: 1.5: 2.4. Ventrite VIII (Fig. 3 E View Figure 3 ) membranous, only apical margin sclerotized, T-shaped, with dense long setae along apical margin, apical margin widely rounded, spiculum long. Spermathecal receptaculum (Fig. 3 F View Figure 3 ) much longer than pump, moderately swollen, curved in lateral view; pump slightly emarginated at inner side of base; spermathecal duct with long basal part, ramus rounded. Gonocoxae (Fig. 3 G View Figure 3 ) wide and separated, base membranous, each gonocoxa longitudinal and asymmetric, apically narrowed from middle, with dense long setae along apical areas.

Color variation.

In Japan, two distinct color patters of adults, typical color form (Fig. 4 A – C View Figure 4 ): general color black, each elytron with one large red spot, lateral margin sometimes yellowish brown, legs dark brown but tarsi yellowish brown, head entirely black, or with one yellowish brown spot on vertex, or entirely yellowish brown except above eyes, abdominal ventrites yellowish brown but medially black; yellowish brown color form: general color yellowish brown (Fig. 4 D – F View Figure 4 ; undecimmaculata form), pronotum with one pair of small lateral black spots, elytra with 11 black spots, two pairs arranged into transverse lines near base and middle, one transverse pair near suture at middle, others longitudinal, one additional transverse pair near apex, one spot along suture from basal 1 / 3 to apical 1 / 3, medially widened, head yellowish brown but black below eyes except mouthparts, thoracic and abdominal ventrites black but abdominal ventrites laterally yellowish brown, legs black but tarsi, pro- and mesotibiae yellowish brown.

At the type locality (Russian Far East and northeastern China), some individuals represent the typical form (Fig. 2 B View Figure 2 ) but with yellowish margins of pronotum and elytra, some with enlarged red spots on the elytra connected with each other, some with entirely yellowish-brown bodies (Fig. 2 C View Figure 2 ).

In Taiwan, some specimens represent the typical form, but some have enlarged red spots on elytra that extend into the basal margin and connect with each other, and have reddish brown thoracic and abdominal ventrites.

Host plants.

Inoue (1990 a) recorded the following species as host plants: Osmanthus × fortunei , O. heterophyllus , O. fragrans (桂花), O. fragrans var. aurantiacus Makino , Ligustrum japonicum (日本女真), L. ovalifolium Hassk. , L. licidum W. T. Aiton , Syringa vulgaris L., and S. reticulata (Blume) H. Hara. Chûjô and Kimoto (1961) recorded one additional host, Fraxinus mandshurica Rupr. var. japonica Maxim. Lee and Cho (2006) recorded Ligustrum obtusifolium Siebold & Zucc for Korean populations.

Biology.

Various aspects of biology of A. biplagiatus were studied in Japan, including feeding habits, seasonal development, habitat selection, host plant preference, and adult diapause ( Inoue 1990 a, b, 1991 b, 1992, 1993, 1994). Generally, the species has a univoltine life cycle. Eggs and / or larvae of this species are observed in the spring. Mature larvae fall from the host trees rather than crawling ( Inoue 2014).

Remarks.

Syntypes of A. biplagiatus Motschulsky display great color variation. Several names ( A. flavitarsis , A. limbatus , and A. suturalis ) have been proposed for different color patterns.

Distribution.

China, Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu), Russian Far East, South Korea, and new to Taiwan (Fig. 5 View Figure 5 ).