Mandarella flaviventris (Chen, 1942)

Lee, Chi-Feng, Tsai, Cheng-Lung, Konstantinov, Alexander & Yeh, Wen-Bin, 2016, Revision of Mandarella Duvivier from Taiwan, with a new species, new synonymies and identities of highly variable species (Insecta, Chrysomelidae, Galerucinae, Alticini), ZooKeys 568, pp. 23-49 : 36-40

Taxon classification Animalia Coleoptera Chrysomelidae

Mandarella flaviventris (Chen, 1942)

Stenoluperus flaviventris Chen, 1942: 67 (China: Jiangxi); Gressitt and Kimoto 1963: 580 (China: Fujian); Chûjô 1965: 98 (Taiwan); Kimoto 1969: 40 (additional records in Taiwan); Kimoto 1987: 189 (additional records in Taiwan); Kimoto 1989: 253 (additional records in Taiwan); Kimoto 1991c: 12 (additional records in Taiwan).

Stenoluperus esakii Kimoto, 1969: 40. New synonym

Stenoluperus matsumurai Takizawa, 1978: 128. New synonym

Mandarella matsumurai : Medvedev 2012: 427.

Stenoluperus itoi Kimoto, 1991b: 116 (nec Stenoluperus itoi Chûjô, 1966).

Mandarella taiwanensis Medvedev, 2012: 427 (replacement name for Stenoluperus itoi Kimoto, 1991). New synonym

Type material.

Stenoluperus flaviventris . The holotype was reportedly deposited at the Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China but could not be found (Yong-Ying Ruan, pers. comm. 8 October 2015).

Sternoluperus esakii . Holotype ♀ (KUEC): "[Formosa] / Hassenzan [八仙山] ( Taichû-shû) / 13. Vii. 1932 / Teiso Esaki [p, w] // Stenoluperus / esakii / Kimoto, sp. n. [h, w] // HOLOTYPE [p, r]".

Stenoluperus itoi . Paratype: 1♂ (KMNH): "Mt. YUSHAN [玉山] / TAIWAN / 19. V. 1981 / N. ITO [p, y] // Stenoluperus / itoi / Kimoto, sp. n. [h] / Det. S. Kimoto, 19 [p] 91 [h, w] // PARATOPOTYPE [p, b]".

Stenoluperus matsumurai . Holotype ♂ (EIHU), holotype glued on the top of a triangular card; one front tibia and tarsi, antenna, and aedeagus also on the card: "Type [h, red letters, underside of triangular card] // Formosa / Matsumura [p, w] // (Japanese characters) / 21/IV1907 [h, underside of previous label] // Holo [h] -type [p] / Stenoluperus / matsumurai / Takizawa [h, r] // Holotype / Appended label by / ÔHARA, INARI, KANBE / SUZUKI and HIRONAGA / 2007 [p, w, with red band along right side] / 0000003054 / Sys. Ent / Hokkaido Univ. / Japan [SEHU] [p, w]. Paratypes: 1♂, 1♀, glued on tops of triangular cards, mounted with the same pin as holotype, the male has the blackish abdomen.

Voucher specimens.

1♀ (CAS): "FUKIEN, S. China / Shaowu: Tachulan / 1000 m. T. Maa [p, w] // Apr.30.1942 [h, w]"; 1♂, 1♀ (CAS): "FUKIEN, S. China / Shaowu: Tachulan / 1000 m. T. Maa [p, w] // Apr.17,1943 [h, w]"; 1♂ (BPBM): "FUKIEN, S. China / Shaowu: Tachulan [p] / IV.20. [h] 194 [p] 3 [h] T. Maa [p, w] // N52 [h, w] // ILL [p, w]"; 4♂♂ (BPBM), 2♀♀ (CAS): "FUKIEN, S. China / Shaowu: Tachulan / 1000 m. T. Maa [p, w] // Apr.27,1943 [h, w]"; they were determined by Gressitt & Kimoto in 1962. 1♂ (KMNH): " (Taiwan) / Alishan, [阿里山] 2300m / Chiayi Hsien [p, w] // 9. [h] iv.1965 [p] / Y. Hirashima [p, w] // Japan-U. S. / Co-op. Sci. / Programme [p, y]"; 1♀ (KMNH): " (Taiwan) / Meifeng [梅峰] / Nantou Hsien [h, w] // 18.V.1965 / B. S. Chang [h, w]"; 1♂ (CAS): "FORMOSA: / Arisan. [阿里山] / VIII-18-1947 / J. L. Gressitt [p, w] // L. Gressitt / Collection [p, w]"; they were determined by Kimoto in 1968. 1♂ (KMNH): " (Taiwan) / Alishan [阿里山] / Hsien [p, w] // May [p] 25 [h].1971 [p] / K. Kanmiya [p, w]"; it was determined by Kimoto in 1973. 1♂ (KMNH): "ALISHAN [阿里山] / TAIWAN / 3. V. 1983 / T. ITO [p, y]", it was determined by Kimoto in 1987. 1♀ (EUMJ): "(TAIWAN) / Sungkang~ / Meifeng (2044~2127) / Nantow Co. / 18.V.1969 / S. Hisamatsu [p, w] // 松崗 ~梅峰 [h, w]"; it was determined by Kimoto in 1991.

Description.

Color patterns and relative lengths of antennae separated into four forms:

Form G (formerly identified as Mandarella flaviventris ): General color (Figs 52-57) bluish metallic; antennae black and abdomen yellow. In male, antennae (Fig. 62) filiform and extremely slender, 1.4 times as body; ratio of length of antennomeres II to XI 1.2: 1.0: 4.5: 5.0: 5.0: 5.4: 5.2: 5.2: 4.5: 5.0; ratio of length to width from antennomeres II to XI 1.5: 1.1: 5.0: 5.6: 5.6: 6.0: 5.8: 5.8: 5.7: 6.4. In female, antennae shorter, as long as body (Fig. 63), antennomeres III relatively longer, ratio of length of antennomeres II to XI 0.9: 1.0: 2.6: 2.8: 2.6: 2.7: 2.4: 2.4: 2.1: 2.4; ratio of length to width from antennomeres II to XI about 1.8: 2.0: 5.3: 5.8: 5.4: 5.6: 5.3: 5.5: 5.0: 5.2.

Form H (formerly identified as Mandarella esakii ): Similar to form G, but antennae and legs dark brown (Figs 58-59).

Form I (formerly identified as Mandarella matsumurai ): General color metallic blue but antennae, legs, and abdomen yellowish brown; seven apical antennomeres darkened antennomeres (Figs 60-61). In male, antennae (Fig. 64) 1.3 × longer than body, antennomere II a little longer than III, III to X extremely slender, ratio of length of antennomeres II to XI 0.7: 1.0: 2.1: 2.4: 2.2: 2.3: 2.1: 2.2: 1.9: 2.1; ratio of length to width from antennomeres II to XI 1.7: 2.6: 5.6: 6.2: 5.7: 6.1: 5.6: 5.8: 5.0: 5.4. In female, antennae shorter (Fig. 65), 0.9 times as long as body, antennomeres III relatively longer, ratio of length of antennomeres II to XI 0.8: 1.0: 2.0: 2.2: 2.1: 2.1: 1.8: 1.8: 1.5: 1.9; ratio of length to width from antennomeres II to XI 2.0: 2.4: 4.7: 5.3: 5.1: 4.9: 4.5: 4.5: 3.9: 4.7.

Form J (formerly identified as Mandarella taiwanensis ): Color pattern similar to form I, but abdomen blackish brown. In male, antennae 1.3X longer than body (Fig. 66), antennomere II a little longer than III, III to X extremely slender, ratio of length of antennomeres II to XI about 0.8: 1.0: 2.8: 2.8: 2.7: 2.7: 2.8: 2.7: 2.5: 2.7; ratio of length to width from antennomeres II to XI 1.7: 2.3: 6.4: 6.4: 6.1: 6.1: 6.4: 6.1: 5.7: 6.1.

Male. Length 3.6-4.6 mm, width 1.6-2.1 mm. Head strongly constricted behind eyes. Pronotum 1.4 times as broad long, quadrate, disc with dense and coarse punctures as on elytra, lacking lateral depressions. Elytra 1.7 times as long as broad, parallel-sided, disc with dense, irregular, coarse punctures. First tarsomeres of front and middle legs swollen. Posterior margin of last abdominal ventrite truncate, with two small incisions. Penis (Figs 67-68) extremely slender, about 10.1 times as long as broad; parallel-sided; tectum membranous; almost straight in lateral view, weakly curved near apex, apex narrowly rounded, ventral disc depressed near apex; endophallus with one elongate sclerite, weakly sclerotized, with dense setae above middle, and small teeth at middle; straight in lateral view.

Female. Length 3.9-5.4 mm, width 1.9-2.6 mm. Similar to male; but head weakly constricted behind eyes. First tarsomeres of front and middle legs normal and not swollen. Gonocoxae (Fig. 69) slender, each gonocoxa apically widened, apex with nine setae; gonocoxae connected at middle, base abruptly and extremely widened. Ventrite VIII (Fig. 70) weakly sclerotized; apical margin with several short setae, disc with several long setae scattered; spiculum extremely long. Spermathecal receptaculum (Fig. 71) extremely swollen; pump strongly curved; sclerotized spermathecal duct long, deeply projecting into receptaculum.

Diagnosis.

Although Mandarella flaviventris is highly variable in color patterns, it is characterized by the small third antennomere (3rd antennomeres ≤1.3 times as long as 2nd antennomere). Some black individuals of Mandarella uenoi also have small 3rd antennomeres, similar to Mandarella flaviventris but their abdomens are black (yellow abdomens in Mandarella flaviventris ).

Host plants.

Like Mandarella uenoi , adults rested on leaves of various plants and left small feeding scars.

Distribution.

China (Fujian, Jiangxi), Taiwan.

Other material examined.

Totally 717 specimens were studied (Suppl. material 3: Mandarella flaviventris , specimens examined).