Hoploscopa cynodonta Leger & Nuss, 2020

Leger, Theo, Kehlmaier, Christian, Vairappan, Charles S. & Nuss, Matthias, 2020, Twenty-six new species of Hoploscopa (Lepidoptera, Crambidae) from South-East Asia revealed by morphology and DNA barcoding, ZooKeys 907, pp. 1-99 : 1

Hoploscopa cynodonta Leger & Nuss sp. nov. Figs 6 , 49 , 90

Material examined.

Holotype: ♂, with labels: "Malaysia, Sabah, Kinabalu Park H[ead]Q[quarters], | junction Kiau View- and Pandanus | Trail, 6°0'32.84"N, 116°32'14.94"E, | 1690 m, UV light, 07.vi.2015, | leg. T. Léger & R. Mally"; "DNA voucher | Lepidoptera | MTD 2015 | [vertically written:] no. 3066"; "TL327 | ♂". Deposited in BORN.

Paratypes: 4 ♂, 2 ♀. Brunei: 2 ♂ (1 with NHMUK010923398, DNA voucher MTD8233 & genitalia on slide TL746; 1 with NHMUK010923401), 1 ♀ (NHMUK010923400), Ulu Temburong, LP 298, GR 838892, 300 m, 26-30-iv-1989, leg. M. Allen & K. Tuck (NHMUK). Malaysia: 1 ♂ (genitalia on slide TL531 ♂), Sabah, Kinabalu National Park, Timpohon Gate, 700 m from Liwagu Trail starting point, near Liwagu River, 6°1'40"N, 116°32'59"E, 1700 m, 18.vi.2015, leg. Léger & R. Mally (MTD); 1 ♀ (DNA voucher MTD7425 & genitalia on slide TL625 ♀), Sabah, Tawau Hills National Park, Headquarter, waterfall, 23-27.xi.2006, leg. W. Mey & K. Ebert (MFNB). 1 ♂ (NHMUK010923352), Sabah, Gunung Monkobo, 5.48N, 116.56E, dipterocarp forest, 945m, 14-23.viii.1987, leg. K. Tuck (NHMUK).

Diagnosis.

This relatively small-sized species (forewing length 8-10 mm) shows brown forewings with red markings edged with pale yellow. The median discoidal stigma is oval, red, edged with pale yellow, median cubital patch is reduced to a small streak and median dorsal patch is absent. The postmedian patch consists of a mix of red and brown scales, at costa forming triangular pale yellow patch. Male genitalia are unique in the conspicuously incurved ventral margin of the valva, medially extending into a tip pointing ventrad. In female genitalia, the corpus bursae is small, globular, and bears a crest of sclerotised acanthae between thorn and corpus opening.

Similar species.

Hoploscopa isarogensis sp. nov.; to a lesser extent H. mallyi sp. nov., H. agtuuganonensis sp. nov., H. gracilis sp. nov., H. ignitamaculae sp. nov. Median cubital and dorsal patches form with the median discoidal stigma a disrupted pale yellow band (median dorsal patch not marked in H. mallyi sp. nov.), and postmedian pale yellow marking at costa is reduced to a blotch in above listed species. Hoploscopa gracilis sp. nov. and H. mallyi sp. nov. are slightly larger (9-12 mm). Comparison of the male genitalia allows unequivocal separation from these species. In female genitalia, H. isarogensis sp. nov. displays a narrower and slightly longer ductus bursae and a larger corpus bursae with large curved thorn, while it is small and straight in H. cynodonta sp. nov. Female genitalia of H. mallyi sp. nov., H. agtuuganonensis sp. nov., and H. gracilis sp. nov. share the broad ductus bursae, the small globular corpus bursae with H. cynodonta sp. nov. but have a longer ductus bursae, and the sclerotisation of corpus bursae is large and diffuse.

Description.

Head. Antennae dorsally with pale yellow scales. Proboscis brown to pale brown. Maxillary palpi brown, base and inner side pale yellow. Labial palpi brown, ventrally pale yellow.

Thorax (Fig. 6 ). Collar white. Forewing length: 8-10 mm (♂), 8 mm (♀); forewing ground colour brown; basal longitudinal red streak basally surrounded with pale yellow U-shaped spot; costal field red; median discoidal stigma oval, red with pale yellow edges; median cubital patch forming longitudinal pale yellow rectangle; postmedian patch red, with basal edge pale yellow, distally abutted with pale yellow triangular costal patch; postmedian line costally marked; postmedian suffusion of pale yellow and pale brown scales, distally edged by pale yellow subterminal line; subterminal field marked with red; fringe chequered pale yellow and brown. Hindwing pale brown. Forelegs and midlegs brown. Hindlegs with femur brown; tibia pale yellow, distally brown; tarsi bronze speckled with pale yellow.

Abdomen. Male sternum A8 posterior margin forming two conspicuous triangular tips, with short, rounded lateral projections.

Male genitalia (N = 2) (Fig. 49 ). Uncus medially slightly widened, narrowing toward apex, apex duck beak-shaped, medio-ventrally with a bump and two ridges. Gnathos projection roughly triangular, ca. 1/4 of uncus length, with rounded apex. Valva ventral margin with basal half sclerotised, at 1/4 conspicuously incurved into a semi-circle, protruded medio-ventrally into a tooth-like tip pointing ventrad; valva dorsal margin convex, apex truncate. Juxta with base rounded, medially narrowed, apical half laterally protruded, apex broad, not sclerotised. Saccus quadrangular, conspicuously produced anterad.

Female genitalia (N = 1) (Fig. 90 ). Posterior apophyses bent ventrad. Anterior apophyses with small dorsal bump at 1/3. Antrum sclerotisation twice as long as broad, barely sclerotised. Ductus bursae of medium length, broad, with a narrow loop before corpus bursae. Corpus bursae globular, reticulated, with crest of sclerotised acanthae between thorn and corpus opening. Thorn straight, slightly incurved at apex, with small dents pointing toward thorn base.

Distribution.

Known on Borneo from Brunei to the Mount Kinabalu, the Mount Monkobo (1,759m) and the Tawau Hills in Sabah (Malaysia), at altitudes between 300 and 1,700 m.

DNA barcoding.

Specimens MTD LEP3066 from Mount Kinabalu and MTD7425 from Tawau Hills differ by 0.4%. The nearest neighbour is H. isarogensis sp. nov. from the Philippines (K2P-dist = 2.3-3%).

Etymology.

Formed by apposition of the Greek words cyno -, of the dog, and odous, tooth, referring to the conspicuous tooth-like extension on the ventral margin of the valva in male genitalia.

Figures

Figures 4 - 18. Forewing of Hoploscopa species. 4 Hoploscopa albipuncta sp. nov., holotype, ♂, Malaysia, Sabah, Kinabalu Park HQ, Timpohon Gate, 700 m from Liwagu Trail starting point, near Liwagu River, 6 ° 1 ' 40 " N, 116 ° 32 ' 59 " E, 1760 m, 18. vi. 2015 (T. Leger & R. Mally) (genitalia on slide TL 335 ♂) 5 Hoploscopa sepanggi sp. nov., holotype, ♂, Malaysia, Sabah, Mesilau Nature Resort, 6 ° 2 ' 43.71 " N, 116 ° 35 ' 48.03 ' E, 1925 m, at lamps, 30. v. 2015 (T. Leger & R. Mally) 6 Hoploscopa cynodonta sp. nov., holotype, ♂, Malaysia, Sabah, Kinabalu Park HQ, junction Kiau View- and Pandanus Trail, 6 ° 0 ' 32.84 " N, 116 ° 32 ' 14.94 " E, 1690 m, UV light, 07. vi. 2015 (T. Leger & R. Mally) (genitalia on slide TL 327 ♂) 7 Hoploscopa parvimacula sp. nov., paratype, ♀, Sabah, Mesilau Nature Resort, 6 ° 2 ' 43.71 " N, 116 ° 35 ' 48.03 " E, 1925 m, at lamps, 30. v. 2015 (T. Leger & R. Mally) (genitalia on slide TL 312 ♀. 8 Hoploscopa kinabaluensis sp. nov., paratype, ♀, Sabah, Kinabalu Park HQ, Timpohon Gate, 700 m from Liwagu trail starting point, near Liwagu River, 6 ° 1 ' 40 " N, 116 ° 32 ' 59 " E, 1760 m, UV light, 18. vi. 2015 (T. Leger & R. Mally) (genitalia on slide TL 326 ♀) 9 Hoploscopa luteomacula Nuss, paratype, ♀, Indonesia, Sumatra, Barat, N-Padangpanjang, Mt Singgalang, 2100 m, 10 - 11. ii. 1996 (A. Kallies) (genitalia on slide GU prep. Nuss 743) 10 Hoploscopa obliqua Rotschild, abdomen missing, Papua New Guinea, Madang Province, Wanang village, 05 ° 15 ' S, 145 ° 17 ' E, reared from Diplazium esculentum, 12. vi. 2007 11 Hoploscopa niveofascia sp. nov., holotype, ♂, Papua New Guinea, Morobe Prov., nr. Bulolo, Mt. Susu Nat. Res., 975 m, 27 - 28. viii. 1983, Araucaria For. (S. Miller) (genitalia on slide TL 442 ♂) 12 Hoploscopa gombongi sp. nov., paratype, ♂, Papua New Guinea, Yawan village, 06 ° 10 ' S, 146 ° 5 ' E, NG Binatang Res. Ctr. (B Gewa, J. Kua, S Sau, A. Kinibel) 13 Hoploscopa tonsepi sp. nov., holotype, ♂, Papua New Guinea, Yawan village, 06 ° 10 ' S, 146 ° 5 ' E, NG Binatang Res. Ctr. (J. Valeba, J. Auga, M. Dilu, F. Philip, R. Lilip) (genitalia on slide TL 655 ♂) 14 Hoploscopa marijoweissae sp. nov., ♂, Papua New Guinea: Morobe Province, Mount Kaindi, 2350 m, 11. xii. 1976 (G. F. Hevel & R. E. Dietz) (genitalia on slide TL 437 ♂) 15 Hoploscopa titika sp. nov., holotype, ♂, Sumatra-Holzweg, 25 km SSW-Pematangsiantar, Strasse nach Prapat, 13. ii. 1996 (A. Kallies) (genitalia on slide TL 505 ♂) 16 Hoploscopa pangrangoensis sp. nov., paratype, ♀, Indonesia, Java, Mt. Pangrange, SE Bogor, 6.30 S 107.10 E, 1625 m, primary forest, 16 - 20. ii. 1996 (Siniaev & Afonin) (genitalia on slide TL 627 ♀) 17 Hoploscopa isarogensis sp. nov., paratype, ♀, Philippines, South Luzon, Mt Isarog, 13 ° 40 ' N, 123 ° 20 ' E, 530 m, submontane forest, at light, 22. iii. 2000 (M. Nuss) (genitalia on slide TL 523 ♀) 18 Hoploscopa ypsilon sp. nov., paratype, ♀, Philippines, Luzon, Mountain Province, Chatol, 2100 m, 16 - 18. xi. 1997 (Mey, Ebert & Nuss).

Figures 46 - 51. Male genitalia features of Hoploscopa. For each figure left above: genitalia without phallus; left below: phallus; right above: gnathos drawing; right below: juxta drawing. 46 Hoploscopa albipuncta sp. nov., paratype, TL 336 ♂ (genitalia without phallus), TL 635 ♂ (phallus) 47 Hoploscopa matheae sp. nov., paratype, TL 730 ♂ 48 Hoploscopa sepanggi sp. nov., paratype, TL 641 ♂ 49 Hoploscopa cynodonta sp. nov., paratype, TL 531 ♂ 50 Hoploscopa parvimacula sp. nov., holotype, TL 510 ♂ 51 Hoploscopa kinabaluensis sp. nov., paratype, TL 342 ♂. Abbreviations: c (cornutus), de (ductus ejaculatorius), g (gnathos), jx (juxta), s (saccus), ta (tegumen arm), v (valva), vc (vinculum), uc (uncus).

Figures 87 - 90. Female genitalia features of Hoploscopa. 87 Hoploscopa albipuncta sp. nov., paratype, TL 609 ♀ 88 Hoploscopa matheae sp. nov., paratype, TL 599 ♀ 89 Hoploscopa sepanggi sp. nov., paratype, TL 547 ♀ 90 Hoploscopa cynodonta sp. nov., paratype, TL 625 ♀. Abbreviations: aa (anterior apophyses), at (antrum), cb (corpus bursae), cs (corpus sclerotization), db (ductus bursae), ds (ductus seminalis), pa (posterior apophyses), pp (papillae anales), segm. VIII (segment VIII), t (thorn).