Protopolybia bituberculata Silveira & Carpenter, 1995

Dos Santos Junior, José N. A., Silveira, Orlando T. & Carpenter, James M., 2015, Phylogeny of Protopolybia Ducke, 1905 and taxonomic revision of the Protopolybia exigua species-group (Hymenoptera: Vespidae, Polistinae), with description of four new species, Zootaxa 3956 (2), pp. 151-182 : 168-169

Protopolybia bituberculata Silveira & Carpenter, 1995

Protopolybia sedula var. exigua: Ducke 1910: 474 (misidentification).

Polybia nana Cameron 1912: 209 [lectotype: ♀, Guyana ( Cameron) (BMNH), designated by Richards (1978); examined], syn. nov. Nom. praeocc., nec Polybia nana de Saussure 1863 = Leipomeles dorsata ( Fabricius, 1804) . Protopolybia bituberculata Silveira & Carpenter, 1995: 48 , Figs 1 A, 2A, 3 (holotype: ♀, Brasil, Pará, Vigia, Campo do Palha, 8.xii.1988 (I.S. Gorayeb) (MPEG); examined).

Diagnosis. Length of fore wing 4.0 mm; ground color brown or black richly marked with yellow; propodeum with posterior face projecting symmetrically to either side of median groove, forming two moderately high protuberances; T1 longer than wide; male genitalia with medial lobes of aedeagus pointed laterally and strongly sclerotized.

Material examined. Holotype ♀, BRAZIL, Pará, Vigia, Campo do Palha, 8.xii.1988 (I.S. Gorayeb) ( MPEG). Paratypes. BRAZIL: Pará, 41 ♀, São Francisco, 8.vii.1977 (W. Overal) ( MPEG); PERU: Dpto. Loreto, 48 ♀, Yana Yacu, 111m 05°50’S 74°01’W, 8.iii.2000 (Carpenter & Davidson) ( AMNH); BRAZIL: Pará,, 4 ♀, Altamira, Area 1 – Itapuama, 52°20’43’’S 3°36’20’’W, 9.xi.2007 ( O.T. Silveira & Equipe), 6 ♀ (paratypes), Belém Utinga Forest, 14.xi.1967 (R.L. Jeanne) ( MPEG), 65 ♀ (paratypes), Belém Utinga Forest, 14.ix.1967 (R.L. Jeanne) ( AMNH); Amazonas, ( MPEG) 1 ♀ (paratype), Alvarães, 17.vi.1994 (I.S. Gorayeb & O.T. Silveira), 1 ♀ Taracua, vi.1949 (J.C.M. Carvalho), 1 ♀, Manicoré (Parko) (UFRJ-MN), 1 ♀, Rio Tarumã Mirim, 2km from Rio Negro, 03°2’S – 060°17’W, 27 july79 [27.vii.1979] (Igapo) (Black water innundation forest canopy fogged with Pyrethrum Canopy Fogging Project TRS#01, tray# 055) (Adis, Erwin, Montgomery et al.), 1 ♀, Paraná do Xiboreninho, 03°15’S – 060°00’W, 7aug.79 [7.viii.1979] (mixed water, Canopy Fogging Project TRS#06, tray# 33) (Adis, Erwin, Montgomery et al.) ( INPA), 4 ♀, Manaus, R. Ducke (Copa Arv), 26.xi.1981 (J.A. Rafael), 4 ♀, same data, Tarumãmirim, 08.i.1991 (G.A.R. Melo) ( UFPR).

Distribution. Peru, Ecuador, Brazil, * Guyana.

Remarks. Cameron (1912) described Polybia nana from Guyana. Richards (1978) treated it as a synonym of Protopolybia exigua exigua . However, nana presents the propodeum with the posterior face projecting symmetrically to either side of the median groove just as in P. bituberculata , and the frons also presents a trilobate mark. Cameron ´s name is however unavailable since it is a junior homonym of Polybia nana de Saussure, which is in turn a junior synonym of Leipomeles dorsata (Fabricius) .

Figures

FIGURES 1 – 16. Measurements taken on body structures (explanation of the abbreviation see in the text). 1. Protopolybia emortualis; 2 – 4. P. amarella; 5, 6. P. exigua; 7. P emortualis; 8. P. chartergoides; 9. P. clypeata sp. nov.; 10. P. nitida; 11. P. emortualis; 12. P. holoxantha; 13. P. duckeianus; 14. P. chartergoides. 15. P. diligens; 16. P. fuscatus. 7 – 9. Clypeus, frontal view; 10 – 14. Head, lateral view. 15 and 16. Head, dorsal view.