Scytodes tyaia, Rheims, Cristina A. & Brescovit, Antonio D., 2009

Rheims, Cristina A. & Brescovit, Antonio D., 2009, New additions to the Brazilian fauna of the genus Scytodes Latreille (Araneae: Scytodidae) with emphasis on the Atlantic Forest species, Zootaxa 2116, pp. 1-45 : 20-22

Scytodes tyaia new species

Figs. 68–73

Type material: Holotype: male from Reserva Biológica Municipal da Serra do Japi, Jundiaí [23°10' S; 46°52' W], São Paulo, Brazil, 30 January 1999, M.O. Gonzaga, deposited in IBSP 21446.

Paratypes: BRAZIL. São Paulo: Monte Alegre do Sul [22°40' S; 46°40' W] (Fazenda Bom Jesus), 13, 25 March 1944, J.L. Lima ( MZSP 15040); São Roque [22°44' S; 47°21' W], 1Ƥ, 14 May 1944, F. Lane ( MZSP 21370); Jundiaí [23°10' S; 46°52' W] (Reserva Biológica Municipal da Serra do Japi), 13 1Ƥ, 12 December 1998, M.O. Gonzaga ( IBSP 21444); 1Ƥ, 12–17 February 1999, C.A. Rheims ( IBSP 22027); Salesópolis [23°31' S; 45°51' W] (Estação Biológica de Boracéia), 1Ƥ, 26–28 January 1999, R. Pinto da Rocha, R. Bérnils, M. Ramírez & S. Casari, ( MZSP 17553); 13 1Ƥ, 18–24 May 2001, Equipe Biota ( IBSP 91986; 91987); 23, 13–19 March 1950, H.F. de A. Camargo ( MZSP 15043); São Paulo [23°31' S; 46°37' W] (Parque Estadual da Serra da Cantareira, Núcleo Pedra Grande), 13 1Ƥ, 20 December 2000, R. Pinto da Rocha et al. ( MZSP 28792; 28793); Biritiba Mirim [23°34' S; 46°01' W] (Barragem do Rio Biritiba), 13 1Ƥ, May 2003, Equipe Butantan ( IBSP 92095).

Other material examined. BRAZIL. Rio de Janeiro: Paraíba do Sul [22°12' S; 43°16' W] (Fazenda Maravilha), 13 1Ƥ, 16–18 August 2001, Equipe Biota ( IBSP 36453; 36452); Petrópolis [22°30' S; 43°11' W] (Fazenda Ranchinho da Roça), 33 1Ƥ, 15–16 July 2001, Equipe Biota, ( IBSP 38433; 38431; 38432); Pinheiral [22°31' S; 43°58' W] (Fazenda Santa Helena), 1Ƥ, 5–11 November 1999, A. D. Brescovit et al. ( IBSP 36412); São Paulo: Serra Negra [22°36' S; 46°42' W], 2Ƥ, 18 August 1965, P. Biasi ( MZSP 15035); Monte Alegre do Sul [22°40' S; 46°40' W] (Fazenda Santa Maria), 23, 29 November 1942, F. Lane ( MZSP 15045); Amparo [22°41' S; 46°46' W] (Fazenda Santa Maria), 13 1juv., 27 November 1942, F. Lane ( MZSP 7984); Campos do Jordão [22°43' S; 45°34' W], 1Ƥ 1juv., 15 February 1942 ( MZSP 7251); Jundiaí [23°10' S; 46°52' W] (Reserva Biológica Municipal da Serra do Japi), 13, 24 September 1997, M.O. Gonzaga ( IBSP 21445); 1Ƥ, 20 March 2001, J. Vasconcellos Neto ( IBSP 37577); 1Ƥ, 15 October 1999, A. J. Santos ( IBSP 36501); 13, 2004, Equipe Curso USP ( IBSP 92578); Mairiporã [23°19' S; 46°34' W] (Parque Estadual da Serra da Cantareira), 33 1Ƥ, 2000–2001, R. Pinto da Rocha et al., ( MZSP 28783; 28786; 28798; 28799); Guarulhos [23°28' S; 46°31' W], 13, 1942, P. Biasi ( MZSP 3218); 13, December 1942, Pereira ( MZSP 8317); (Parque Estadual da Serra da Cantareira, Núcleo Cabuçú) [23°21'– 23°27' S; 46°29'– 46°42' W], 23 2Ƥ, 16–22 July 2001, Equipe Biota ( IBSP 91861; 91858; 91860; 91857); Mogi das Cruzes [23°29' S; 46°12' W] (Manuel Ferreira, Biritiba Açu), 2Ƥ, May 2001, E.K. Kashimata & R. Martins ( IBSP 56604; 56453); (Parque Natural Municipal da Serra do Itapety), 33, 13–22 September 2003, Equipe Biota ( IBSP 92323; 92322; 92324); Salesópolis [23°31' S; 45°51' W] (Estação Biológica de Boracéia), 1Ƥ, 26–28 January 1999, R. Pinto da Rocha, R. Bérnils, M. Ramírez & S. Casari ( MZSP 17463); 1Ƥ, 12–13 January 1961, P. Biasi, ( MZSP 11791); 13, 7 January 1971, K. Lenko, ( MZSP 15037); 73 5Ƥ 1juv., 18–24 May 2002, Equipe Biota, ( IBSP 91979–91985; 91988–91989; 55287); 13, 2003, Equipe Curso USP ( IBSP 92582);, 1Ƥ, 13 January 1961, P. Biasi, ( MZSP 21366); 23 1Ƥ, 1942, P. Biasi, ( MZSP 3203); 1Ƥ, 21–23 September 1965, P. Biasi, ( MZSP 15034); São Paulo [23°19' S; 46°34' W] (Parque Estadual da Serra da Cantareira), 13, 9 October 1945, E. Dente ( MZSP 21368); (Parque Estadual da Serra da Cantareira, Núcleo Pedra Grande) [23°31' S; 46°37' W], 43 3Ƥ, 20 August 2000, R. Pinto da Rocha et al. ( MZSP 28785; 28787; 28789; 28790; 28791; 28794; 28800); (Parque Estadual da Serra da Cantareira, Núcleo Sede), 33 3Ƥ, 9 August 2000, R. Pinto da Rocha et al., ( MZSP 28782; 28784; 28788; 28795; 28796; 28797); (Parque Estadual do Jaraguá), 23 1Ƥ, 14–19 October 2002, Equipe Biota, ( IBSP 92341–92343); 1Ƥ, 27–28 October 2007, Curso UFRRJ ( IBSP 71311); (Penha), 1Ƥ, 14 March 1943, F. Lane ( MZSP 15036); Barueri [23°31' S; 46°52' W], 1Ƥ, 8 September 1965, P. Biasi, ( MZSP 4628); 23, 16 January 1966, K. Lenko ( MZSP 5596); 13, 17 December 1965, K. Lenko ( MZSP 5880); 1Ƥ, 21–22 January 1961, K. Lenko ( MZSP 15033); Itapevi [23°33' S; 46°55' W], 13, January – December 1999, C.R. Bertim & V.C. Onófrio ( IBSP 115672); Biritiba Mirim [23°34' S; 46°01' W] (Barragem do Rio Biritiba), 4Ƥ, May 2003, Equipe Butantan ( IBSP 92092–92094; 92096).

Etymology. The specific name is a noun in apposition taken from the Brazilian Tupi Indian language that means claw and refers to the very strong and curved sclerotized process in the distal region of the male palpal bulb.

Diagnosis. Males of Scytodes tyaia n.sp. are distinguished from those of the remaining Neotropical Scytodes by the large and strong retrolateral sclerotized process ( Figs. 70–71 ). The females are distinguished by rounded spermathecae anterior to widely separated, rounded hyaline pockets with triangular sclerotized projection adjacent to large median membranous area ( Fig. 73 ).

Description. Male (Holotype, IBSP 21446) Carapace orange with brown pattern as shown on Fig. 68 . Chelicerae orange with median longitudinal stripe. Pedipalps orange with dorsal and prolateral brown longitudinal stripes. Labium orange with pale brown base. Endites pale yellow. Sternum orange with brown markings in front of each coxae, extending towards the center. Legs orange. Femora and tibiae I–IV with pair of parallel ventral black stripes. Abdomen whitish gray. Anterior half mottled with black spots, posterior half with 3 transversal black stripes ( Fig. 68 ). Total length 4.5. Carapace slightly domed, 2.2 long, 1.9 wide. Eye diameters: PME 0.18, ALE 0.16, PLE 0.16. Lateral eyes on a tubercle. Chelicerae with subapical hyaline keel and inconspicuous stridulatory ridges. Labium 0.16 long, 0.26 wide. Sternum 1.18 long, 0.96 wide. Leg measurements: I: femur 5.0, patella 0.6, tibia 4.6, metatarsus 6.1, tarsus 0.7, total 17.0; II: 3.4, 0.6, 3.5, 3.9, 0.6, 12.0; III: 2.1, 0.5, 1.9, 2.2, 0.6, 7.3; IV: 3.1, 0.6, 2.8, 3.2, 0.7, 10.4. Palpal femur with long, slender stridulatory pick with rounded and projected socket. Cymbium with single strong distal spine ( Fig. 69 ). Bulb 0.60 long, medially constricted and bent. Distal region blunt and bifid, prolaterally with small triangular hyaline lamina ( Fig. 69 ) and retrolaterally with large and strong retrolateral curved prong ( Fig. 70–71 ). Abdomen 2.3 long, 1.8 wide, covered with slender hairs.

Female (Paratype, IBSP 22027) Coloration pattern as in male. Total length 6.0. Carapace domed, 2.8 long, 2.4 wide. Eye diameters: PME 0.14, ALE 0.16, PLE 0.14. Lateral eyes on a tubercle. Chelicerae as in male. Labium 0.22 long, 0.34 wide. Sternum 1.3 long, 1.1 wide. Leg measurements: I: femur 3.6, patella 0.6, tibia 3.9, metatarsus 4.8, tarsus 0.8, total 13.7; II: 2.9, 0.6, 2.8, 3.3, 0.7, 10.3; III: 1.9, 0.5, 1.6, 2.1, 0.5, 6.6; IV: 2.7, 0.6, 2.4, 2.9, 0.7, 9.3. Palpal femur as in male. Epigynum with ridged positioning ridges separated from each other by three times their width ( Fig. 72 ). Vulva with large hyaline pockets, widely separated and with small, triangular sclerotized areas, adjacent to median membranous area ( Fig. 73 ). Abdomen 3.2 long, 2.7 wide, as in male.

Variation. Ten males: total length 3.5–4.5; carapace 1.9–2.3; femur I 4.1–5.4; bulb 0.44–0.64. Ten females: total length: 4.2–6.0; carapace 2.0–2.9; femur I 2.6–3.6.

Distribution. Atlantic Forest. Known from the states of Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo.

Figures

FIGURES 62 – 73. 62 – 67. Scytodes bonito n. sp. 62. Male habitus, dorsal; 63 – 65. Left male palp (63 prolateral, 64 retrolateral, 65 detail of distal region, dorsal). 66 – 67. Female epigynum (66 ventral, 67 dorsal). 68 – 73. Scytodes tyaia n. sp. 68. Male habitus, dorsal; 69 – 73 Left male palp (69 prolateral, 70 retrolateral, 71 detail of distal region, dorsal). 72 – 67. Female epigynum (66 ventral, 67 dorsal) (K = keel; SLP = serrated laminar process; SP = sclerotized process). Scale lines: 0.5 mm.