Ctenolepisma calvum Ritter, 1910

Shimada, Megumi, Watanabe, Hiroki, Komine, Yukio, Kigawa, Rika & Sato, Yoshinori, 2022, New records of Ctenolepisma calvum (Ritter, 1910) (Zygentoma, Lepismatidae) from Japan, Biodiversity Data Journal 10, pp. 90799-90799 : 90799

Ctenolepisma calvum Ritter, 1910

Materials

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; preparations: DNA extraction; occurrenceID: 3D24CB02-5821-50A9-B4F5-754AEC474BF8; Taxon: scientificName: Ctenolepisma calvum; kingdom: Animalia ; phylum: Euarthropoda ; class: Insecta ; order: Zygentoma ; family: Lepismatidae ; genus: Ctenolepisma ; specificEpithet: calvum; scientificNameAuthorship: Ritter ; Location : country: Japan; countryCode: JP; stateProvince: Hokkaido; Identification : identifiedBy: Megumi Shimada ; dateIdentified: 2022; Event : samplingProtocol: blunder trap; samplingEffort: 1 month; startDayOfYear: 2021-11; endDayOfYear: 2021-12; Record Level : institutionCode: TBK Type status: Other material. Occurrence: recordedBy: Aya Moriya; individualCount: 9; sex: female; lifeStage: adults and juveniles; occurrenceID: 325672A5-B4E0-5FD9-8416-04846F75664D; Taxon : scientificName: Ctenolepisma calvum; kingdom: Animalia ; phylum: Euarthropoda ; class: Insecta ; order: Zygentoma ; family: Lepismatidae ; genus: Ctenolepisma ; specificEpithet: calvum; scientificNameAuthorship: Ritter ; Location : country: Japan; countryCode: JP; stateProvince: Miyagi Prefecture; municipality: Tagajo-shi ; Identification : identifiedBy: Megumi Shimada ; dateIdentified: 2022; Event : samplingProtocol: blunder trap; samplingEffort: 1 month; startDayOfYear: 2021-10-22; endDayOfYear: 2021-11-22; Record Level : institutionCode: TBK Type status: Other material. Occurrence: recordedBy: Megumi Shimada and Yoshinori Sato ; individualCount: 4; sex: female; lifeStage: adults and juveniles; occurrenceID: D49EDB94-7982-57C8-92F5-E 288AD 8D178D; Taxon : scientificName: Ctenolepisma calvum; kingdom: Animalia ; phylum: Euarthropoda ; class: Insecta ; order: Zygentoma ; family: Lepismatidae ; genus: Ctenolepisma ; specificEpithet: calvum; scientificNameAuthorship: Ritter ; Location : country: Japan; countryCode: JP; stateProvince: Tokyo; municipality: Taito-ku ; Identification : identifiedBy: Megumi Shimada ; dateIdentified: 2021; Event : samplingProtocol: hand picking; eventDate: 2021-4- 14 Type status: Other material. Occurrence: individualCount: 25; sex: female; lifeStage: adults and juveniles; occurrenceID: B6E97034-B389-5279-997C-9D4AE36B2394; Taxon: scientificName: Ctenolepisma calvum; kingdom: Animalia ; phylum: Euarthropoda ; class: Insecta ; order: Zygentoma ; family: Lepismatidae ; genus: Ctenolepisma ; specificEpithet: calvum; scientificNameAuthorship: Ritter ; Location : country: Japan; countryCode: JP; stateProvince: Tokyo; municipality: Taito-ku ; Identification : identifiedBy: Megumi Shimada ; dateIdentified: 2021; Event : samplingProtocol: insect aspirator; startDayOfYear: 2021-4; endDayOfYear: 2021- 10 Type status: Other material. Occurrence: individualCount: 28; sex: female; lifeStage: Adults and juveniles; occurrenceID: 9CBA9194-AD9C-5CC4-9F6C-CD797FA73061; Taxon : scientificName: Ctenolepisma calvum; kingdom: Animalia ; phylum: Euarthropoda ; class: Insecta ; order: Zygentoma ; family: Lepismatidae ; genus: Ctenolepisma ; specificEpithet: calvum; scientificNameAuthorship: Ritter ; Location : country: Japan; countryCode: JP; stateProvince: Tokyo; municipality: Taito-ku ; Identification : identifiedBy: Megumi Shimada ; dateIdentified: 2021; Event : samplingProtocol: blunder trap; startDayOfYear: 2021-5; endDayOfYear: 2021- 7 Type status: Other material. Occurrence: recordedBy: Toshiyuki Torigoe; individualCount: 5; sex: female; lifeStage: Adults and juveniles; occurrenceID: CA9F5623-9FCE-57B2-8C34-7246CB6E074B; Taxon : scientificName: Ctenolepisma calvum; kingdom: Animalia ; phylum: Euarthropoda ; class: Insecta ; order: Zygentoma ; family: Lepismatidae ; genus: Ctenolepisma ; specificEpithet: calvum; scientificNameAuthorship: Ritter ; Location : country: Japan; countryCode: JP; stateProvince: Tokyo; municipality: Taito-ku ; Identification : identifiedBy: Megumi Shimada ; dateIdentified: 2021; Event : samplingProtocol: blunder trap; samplingEffort: 3 months; startDayOfYear: 2021-4-14; endDayOfYear: 2021-7-6; Record Level : institutionCode: TBK Type status: Other material. Occurrence : recordedBy: Ikari Shodoku Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan; individualCount: 2; sex: female; lifeStage: juveniles; preparations: DNA extraction; occurrenceID: F527E65B-6535-57C8-A83B-C00156D0D6C6; Taxon : scientificName: Ctenolepisma calvum; kingdom: Animalia ; phylum: Euarthropoda ; class: Insecta ; order: Zygentoma ; family: Lepismatidae ; genus: Ctenolepisma ; specificEpithet: calvum; scientificNameAuthorship: Ritter ; Location : country: Japan; countryCode: JP; stateProvince: Tokyo; municipality: Taito-ku ; Identification : identifiedBy: Megumi Shimada ; dateIdentified: 2021; Event : samplingProtocol: hand picking; eventDate: 2021-7-8; Record Level : institutionCode: TBK Type status: Other material. Occurrence : recordedBy: Ikari Shodoku Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan; individualCount: 4; sex: female; lifeStage: juveniles; preparations: DNA extraction; occurrenceID: 989F9F50-0AB8-5882-B223-DACB9EE034F9; Taxon : scientificName: Ctenolepisma calvum; kingdom: Animalia ; phylum: Euarthropoda ; class: Insecta ; order: Zygentoma ; family: Lepismatidae ; genus: Ctenolepisma ; specificEpithet: calvum; scientificNameAuthorship: Ritter ; Location : country: Japan; countryCode: JP; stateProvince: Tokyo; municipality: Taito-ku ; Identification : identifiedBy: Megumi Shimada ; dateIdentified: 2022; Event : samplingProtocol: blunder trap; samplingEffort: 2 months; startDayOfYear: 2021-10-27; endDayOfYear: 2021-12-27; Record Level : institutionCode: TBK Type status: Other material. Occurrence: recordedBy: Hiroki Watanabe; individualCount: 19; sex: female; lifeStage: Adults and juveniles; occurrenceID: 94AF841C-2725-5BE9-BCB6-BB2C5E86A315; Taxon : scientificName: Ctenolepisma calvum; kingdom: Animalia ; phylum: Euarthropoda ; class: Insecta ; order: Zygentoma ; family: Lepismatidae ; genus: Ctenolepisma ; specificEpithet: calvum; scientificNameAuthorship: Ritter ; Location : country: Japan; countryCode: JP; stateProvince: Fukuoka Prefecture; municipality: Dazaifu-shi ; Identification : identifiedBy: Megumi Shimada ; dateIdentified: 2021; Event : samplingProtocol: hand picking; startDayOfYear: 2019-7-4; endDayOfYear: 2019-10- 30 Type status: Other material. Occurrence: recordedBy: Atsushi Morizono; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: juvenile; preparations: DNA extraction; occurrenceID: 7EB1A43B-75C1-5718-B105-B7C43AC5BCF4; Taxon : scientificName: Ctenolepisma calvum; kingdom: Animalia ; phylum: Euarthropoda ; class: Insecta ; order: Zygentoma ; family: Lepismatidae ; genus: Ctenolepisma ; specificEpithet: calvum; scientificNameAuthorship: Ritter ; Location : country: Japan; countryCode: JP; stateProvince: Nagasaki Prefecture; municipality: Nagasaki-shi ; Identification : identifiedBy: Megumi Shimada ; dateIdentified: 2022; Event : samplingProtocol: blunder trap; samplingEffort: 1 month; startDayOfYear: 2021-10-31; endDayOfYear: 2021-11-30; Record Level : institutionCode: TBK

Diagnosis

Ctenolepisma calvum can be distinguished from other species of Ctenolepisma in Japan by a combination of the following characters: whitish colour (Fig. 1 ), but yellowish-brown colour in alcohol and a little translucent (Fig. 2 ); posterior margin of the thoracic nota with 2 macrochaetae on each side (Fig. 3 A and B), but immature individuals have 1 macrochaeta; only one pair of abdominal styli (Fig. 3 C); absence of median urosternal combs of macrochaetae (Fig. 3 D); 3+3 bristle-combs in the abdominal tergites II-V, 2+2 bristle-combs in the abdominal tergites VI-VIII (Fig. 3 E); last abdominal tergite trapezoidal and shorter than wide (Fig. 3 C); short ovipositor (Fig. 3 C).

The lateral caudal appendages approximately two-thirds of body length and median caudal appendage approximately as long as body.

Distribution

Ceylon, now Sri Lanka ( Ritter 1910, Crusz 1957), Guyana, Cuba ( Wygodzinsky 1972), Austria, Czech, Germany, Norway ( Landsberger and Querner 2018, Hage et al. 2020, Kurz 2020, Kulma et al. 2022) and Japan (present study). There are additional records of C. calvum from Croatia, Finland, Italy, Kosovo, Luxembourg, Mexico, Portugal, Russia, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Switzerland, Turkey, Ukraine, Venezuela and Vietnam, based on photographic identification in the on-line citizen-science platforms iNaturalist accessed on 30 Sep 2022 (https://www.inaturalist.org/), although these data may not be reliable because detailed examinations on diagnostic characters using optical microscope or scanning electron microscope were not conducted.

Remarks

After the first description of C. calvum by Ritter (1910), only Kulma et al. (2022) provided additional morphological data on the species reported from Europe. The material from Japan studied by us is identical with the morphology of C. calvum in Europe.

As in Ritter (1910) and Kulma et al. (2022), individuals of C. calvum found in museums and libraries in Japan were up to approximately 8 mm, but breeding populations were up to 12 mm. Permission to publish detailed data, such as the name and location of the institutions such as museums and libraries, was not obtained from them.

Figures

Figure 1. Ctenolepisma calvum (Taito-ku, Tokyo): A dorsal view; B ventral view. Scale bar = 5 mm.

Figure 2. Ctenolepisma calvum (Dazaifu-shi, Fukuoka Prefecture) in alcohol: A dorsal view; B ventral view. Scale bar = 5 mm.

Figure 3. Ctenolepisma calvum (Dazaifu-shi, Fukuoka Prefecture), scanning electron microscopy micrographs: A dorsal view of pronotum; B macrochaetae root of prothorax; C ventral rear of abdomen; D ventral view of abdomen; E dorsal view of abdomen.