Raphanus raphanistrum, L.

Tutin, T. G., Heywood, V. H., Burges, N. A., Moore, D. M., Valentine, D. H., Walters, S. M. & Webb, D. A., 1964, Flora Europaea - Volume 1. Lycopodiaceae to Platanaceae, Cambridge University Press : 346

1. R. raphanistrum L. , Sp. Pl. 669 (1753).

Plant usually more or less hispid; stem 15-150 cm, erect, branched. Basal and lower cauline leaves lyrate; upper usually entire. Sepals 5-10 mm, elliptic-lanceolate, obtuse; petals about twice as long as sepals, white, yellow, lilac or violet. Fruiting pedicels 1-5 cm; siliqua erecto-patent. Seeds 1 - 5-4 mm, ovoid to subglobose, usually reticulate. Throughout Europe, but only as an alien in the extreme north. All territories.

1 Siliqua lessthan 5 mm in diameter 2 Siliqua4 mm indiameter; seeds2-5 (c) subsp. rostratus 2 Siliqua 1 - 5-4 mm in diameter; seeds 4-11 3 Siliqua 3 -5-4 mm in diameter (a) subsp. raphanistrum 3 Siliqua 1 -5-2 mm in diameter (b) subsp. microcarpus 1 Siliqua5mm ormore in diameter 4 Leaves with contiguous lateral lobes; petals c. 20 mm

(d) subsp. maritimus 4 Leaveswithdistantlaterallobes 5 Petals 15-25 mm, pale lilac with darker veins

(c) subsp. rostratus 5 Petals 10-15 mm, white or yellowish (e) subsp. landra