Hymenoptera

Shimbori, Eduardo Mitio, Costa, Valmir Antonio & Zucchi, Roberto Antonio, 2020, Annotated checklist and illustrated key to parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Diapriidae Eulophidae and Pteromalidae) of fruit flies (Diptera, Tephritidae) in Brazil, Zootaxa 4858 (1), pp. 53-70 : 65

Key to species of Diapriidae, Eulophidae and Pteromalidae ( Hymenoptera ) parasitoids of fruit flies (Diptera, Tephritidae) in Brazil

1 Fore wing with submarginal, marginal and stigmal veins present ( Figs 5, 8 , 15 ); antennae inserted close to or below lower margin of eyes, not on a projecting ledge ( Figs 3, 6 ) ( Chalcidoidea )............................................. 2

- Fore wing at most with a short submarginal vein ( Figs 16, 17 ); antennae inserted on a projecting ledge near upper margin of eyes ( Figs 1, 2 ) (Diaprioidea)............................................................................ 6

2 Tarsi 4-segmented; scutellum with a pair of submedian grooves and a pair of sublateral grooves ( Fig. 4 ) ( Eulophidae )...................................................................................... Tetrastichus giffardianus

- Tarsi 5-segmented; scutellum without longitudinal grooves ( Fig. 7 ) ( Pteromalidae )................................. 3

3 Antennae separated from clypeus, inserted nearly in the middle of face, slightly above lower margin of eyes ( Fig. 6 ); marginal vein distinctly and uniformly thickened ( Fig. 8 )...................................... Pachycrepoideus vindemmiae

- Antennae inserted just above oral margin, far below lower margin of eyes ( Fig. 3 ); marginal vein not thickened ( Fig. 15 ) ( Spalangia ).......................................................................................... 4

4 Pronotum smooth, with setae on tiny bumps ( Fig. 14 ); median lobe of mesoscutum with a single median pit ( Fig. 14 )............................................................................................ Spalangia simplex

- Pronotum punctate or reticulate-rugose ( Figs 12, 13 ); medial lobe of mesoscutum with different sculpturing............. 5

5 Pronotum with circular punctures distinctly separated by smooth interstices ( Fig. 12 ); malar sulcus present; propodeum with paramedian crenulate furrows sub parallel, all cells with similar size................................ Spalangia endius

- Pronotum mostly reticulate-rugose ( Fig. 13 ); malar sulcus absent; propodeum with paramedian crenulate furrows widened anteriorly, forming a Y, with anterior cells larger than posterior cells................................ Spalangia gemina

6 Fore wing lacking tubular veins, with a mid-longitudinal fold line, apex with apical notch ( Fig. 17 )....... Coptera haywardi

- Fore wing with a tubular vein (submarginal), without fold-line, apex rounded ( Fig. 15 )...... Trichopria sp. aff. anastrephae

Figures

FIGURES 1–8. 1, 2, Trichopria sp. aff. anastrephae, head; 3, Spalangia simplex, head; 4, 5, Tetrastichus giffardianus: 4, mesosoma dorsal and 5, fore wing; 6–8, Pachycrepoideus vindemmiae: 6, head, 7, mesosoma dorsal and 8, fore wing. Arrows indicating: point of insertion of the antenna (Figs 1–3, 6); submedian grooves on scutellum (Fig. 4); thickened marginal vein (Fig. 8). (bar = 0.1 mm)

FIGURES 9–17. 9–11, Head: 9, Spalangia endius; 10, Spalangia gemina; 11, Spalangia simplex. 12–14, Pro- and mesonotum (arrows at pronotal sculpturing): 12, S. endius; 13, S. gemina; 14, S. simplex (arrow at median pit of mesoscutum). 15–17, Fore wing: 15, S. simplex; 16, Trichopria sp. aff. anastrephae; 17, Coptera haywardi (adapted from Loiácono 1981). (bar = 0.2 mm)