Hybrizon lunaris, Kajiwara & Konishi, 2024

Kajiwara, Satsuki & Konishi, Kazuhiko, 2024, A New Species of the Genus Hybrizon (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae; Hybrizontinae) from Japan and Korea, Zootaxa 5453 (4), pp. 587-594 : 588-593

Hybrizon lunaris sp. nov.

Hybrizon buccata : Yoneda (1976). Misidentification.

Type material. Holotype: ♀, Motooka (33°35'49"N / 130°12'50"E), Nishi-ku, Fukuoka-shi, Fukuoka-ken, Japan, near Lasius japonicus Santschi, 1941 nests, 20. vi. 2023 (S. Kajiwara), ELKU . Paratypes: Japan, [Hokkaido] 1♀ (13. viii. 2021), 42°52'44"N / 130°10'15"E, Nishijukyu-jo, Obihiro-shi, around nest of Lasius japonicus, (S. Kajiwara) , ELKU ; 1♀ (25. viii. 2023), same data but 42°52'37"N / 143°10'35"E, ELKU ; 2♂ (28. viii. 2023), same data but 42°52'33"N / 143°10'30"E, ELKU ; 1♀ (29. vii–4. viii. 2022), sama data but 42°52'37"N / 143°10'33"E, FIT, ELKU ; 3♀ (25. viii–27. viii. 2023), 42°52'37"N / 143°10'33"E, Inada-cho, Obihiro-shi (S. Kajiwara), YPT, ELKU . [ Honshu ] Iwate Pref.: 1♀ (20. vii. 2008), Shimokuriyagawa, Morioka (M. Sakakibara), YPT, EUMJ ; Toyama Pref.: 1♀ (14–21. vii. 2009) & 1♀ (20. vii–4. vii. 2009) & 1♀ (4–11. VIII. 2009), Inonedani (1120m), Arimine, Toyama-shi (M. Watanabe), MT, EUMJ ; Saitama Pref.: 1♂ (23. vii. 1986), Yorii-machi (M. Uchida), EUMJ ; Tokyo Pref.; 1♀ (15. vi–15. vii. 2016) & 1♀ (15. vii–14. viii. 2016), Meiji-jingu, Yoyogi-kamizono-cho, Shibuya-ku (K. Sugaya), MT, EUMJ ; Gifu Pref.: 2♀ (20. vii. 2004), Obusa, Gifu-shi, around nest of Lasius sakagamii (T. Toida) , EUMJ ; Nara Pref.: 2♀ (28. vi–1. vii. 2017) & 1♀ (31. vii–31. viii. 2017), 34°63'52"N/135°73'65"E, Naragakuen-University, Yamada-cho, Yamatokoriyama-shi (R. Ito), MT, OMNH ; 1♀ (21–28. vii. 2011) & 1♀ (7–14. ix. 2011), 34°40'16"N / 135°43'50"E, Nara-Campus, Kinki-University, Nara-machi, Nara-shi (M. Ito), EUMJ ; Osaka Pref.: 1♀ (19. vi. 2019), Oizumi Ryokuchi Park, Shinkanaoka-cho, Kita-ku, Sakai-shi (S. Sakai), ELKU . [ Shikoku ] Ehime Pref.: 1♀ (23. viii. 1998), Oda-cho (E. Yamamoto), EUMJ ; 1♂ (28. vi. 2014) Mt. Ishiduchi , Komatsu-cho, Saijo-shi (Y. Hisasue), EUMJ , 1♀ (26–30. vi. 2015), Hiraoka, Uchiko-cho (E. Yamamoto), MT, EUMJ . [ Kyushu ] Fukuoka Pref.: 5♂ 2♀ (20. vi. 2023), 33°32'59"N/130°21'14", Jonan-ku, Fukuoka-shi, around nest of Lasius japonicus, (S. Kajiwara & K. Matsuura) , ELKU ; 1♀ (24. vi. 2023), 33°35'38"N / 130°18'46"E, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka-shi, around nest of Lasius japonicus, (S. Kajiwara) , ELKU ; 1♀ (2. vii. 2023), 33°35'56"N / 130°22'26"E, Chuou-ku, Fukuoka-shi, around nest of Lasius japonicus, (S. KAJIWARA) , ELKU ; 1♀ (6. vii. 2023), 33°31'33"N / 130°28'08"E, Haramachi, Kasuga-shi, around nest of Lasius japonicus, (S. Kajiwara) , ELKU ; 1♂ (12. vi. 2019), Kuwabara, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka-shi, around trail of Lasius japonicus (N. Matsumoto) , ELKU ; Oita Pref.: 1♀ (11. vii. 1973), Mt. Kuju (H. Makihara), reported as Hybrizon buccata by Yoneda (1976), ELKU . Korea, 1♀ (1–19. viii. 2007), 36°20'N / 127°38'E, Chungbuk (150m), Okcheon-gun, Seoktan-li, (P. Tripotin), MT, EUMJ .

Diagnosis. Hybrizon lunaris sp. nov is characterized by the combination of the following character states: length of fore wing 2.2–3.0 mm; head alutaceous; mesoscutum smooth; vein RS+M of fore wing very short; basal 1/3 of basal cell of fore wing hairless.

Description. Holotype, ♀, length of body 3.6 mm, fore wing 2.9 mm ( Fig. 1A ).

Head ( Fig. 1C ). Surface of head mostly alutaceous, head wider than high, 0.6 × as wide as high in frontal view (HW 0.82, HH 0.71); HL0.5 × as long as wide (HL 0.39); eye glabrous; face with very sparse setae; frons granulate and shiny, area around antennal sockets depressed and rugulose; temple to vertex along the outer orbit of eye with very sparse setae; temple narrowed behind eye in dorsal view; inner margins of eyes convergent ventrally; POL 1.0 × as long as OD (POL 0.13, OD 0.12); OOL 1.0 × as long as OD (OOL 0.12); LOL 0.5 × as long as OD (LOL 0.06); FI 3.9 × as long as MOL (FI 0.43, MOL 0.11); MID 1.4 × as long as CW (MID 0.31, CW 0.22); GOI 5.3 (maximum breadth of compound eye in lateral profile 0.30, maximum breadth of gena in the same line 0.06).

Mesosoma ( Figs 1E , 2A ). ML 1.1 × as long as its height (ML 1.02, MH 0.89); pronotum smooth; mesoscutum smooth, with sparse setae, without notaulus; scutellum shiny, convex in lateral view; mesopleuron dorsally smooth and ventrally coriaceous, speculum with strong ventral sulcus, smooth and shiny; epicnemial carina distinct; area of episternal scrobe deeply impressed; mesopleural furrow distinct with orthogonal carinae; medial sternal groove narrow and smooth; metanotum slightly protruding; pleural carina strongly curved; propodeum granulate; propodeal spiracle almost crescent shape; metapleuron granulate and rugose.

Wings ( Fig. 2C ). Fore wing with marginal cell slender; vein RS substraight; basal 1/3 of basal cell hairless; basal 1/2 of annal cell hairless; vein M moderately curved, vein 2r & RS raised at base of pterostigma; vein RS+M absent; vein M+CU not tubular, spectral; vein 2cu-a present anterior 2/3. Hind wing slender with three distal hamuli; 1st abscissa of vein RS short, almost as long as its width; R weakly curved.

Legs. Legs with dense setae; coxae alutaceous; hind coxa 1.7 × as long as hind trochanter (HC 0.57, HTR 0.33); hind femur 3.1 × as long as hind trochanter (HF 1.02); spurs of hind tibia 0.3× as long as hind basitarsus (SP 0.19, HTI 0.96, HB 0.64); hind tibia and basitarsus 6.9 × and 5.5 × as long as their width (HTIW 0.14; HBW 0.12), respectively.

Metasoma ( Fig. 2D ). T1 0.6 × as long as T2, 4.4 × as long as basal width (T1L 0.54, T2L 0.91, T1BW 0.12), shiny, medially with a longitudinal depression and lateral areas with sparse setae; area around spiracles of T1 and T2 triangularly raised; anterior 3/4 of T2 longitudinally striated, posterior 1/4 of T2 entirely smooth and shiny except posterior portion longitudinally striated; ovipositor approximately as long as apical depth of metasoma.

Color. Head blackish-brown; clypeus yellowish-white; median portion of face somewhat whitish; rim of antennal sockets, scape ivory; pedicel yellowish-brown; ocellus orange. Mesosoma blackish-brown; mesoscutum brown; scutellum and ventral half of mesopleuron yellowish-brown; pronotum and anterior portion of mesoscutum except central part brown; tegula yellowish-white; mesosternum dark brown. Fore and middle legs yellow. Hind leg mainly yellowish-brown. Wings hyaline; stigma and veins dark brown. Metasoma yellowish-brown; T1 dark brown.

Variation (n = 15). Length of body 2.9–4.0 mm, fore wing 2.2–3.0 mm. Color of paratypes slightly darker. Scape, pedicel, mouthparts, clypeus, scutellum, ventral half of mesopleuron, legs, and metasomal tergites (except T1 ) almost yellowish-brown; ocellus brown to orange; pronotum and mesoscutum brown to dark brown; mesopleuron and metasoma mainly yellowish-brown to brown. HL 0.6–0.7 × as long as its height (HL 0.33–0.42, HH 0.53–0.73); POL 1.0–1.5 × as long as OD ( POL 0.11–0.17, OD 0.08–0.13); OOL 1.0–1.2 × as long as OD ( OOL 0.09–0.12); LOL 0.5–0.9 × as long as OD ( LOL 0.06–0.07); FI 3.9–5.0 × as long as MOL (FI 0.40–0.50, MOL 0.08–0.12); MID 1.1–1.8 × as long as CW ( MID 0.26–0.31, CW 0.17–0.24); GOI 2.6–7.4 (maximum breadth of compound eye in lateral profile 0.20–0.32, maximum breadth of gena in the same line 0.03–0.11); face largely smooth or granulate; near antennal sockets depressed or not depressed; ML 1.0–1.5 × as long as its height ( ML 0.73–1.11, MH 0.50–0.89); vein RS+M of fore wing very short ( RS +M 0.2–0.6 × as long as 2r & RS) or almost absent; vein 2r & RS raised at base of pterostigma or comparatively close to base of pterostigma; 1st abscissa of vein RS of hind wing short or very short, almost absent; hind coxa 1.7–2.4 × as long as hind trochanter (HC 0.39–0.59, HTR 0.19–0.31); hind femur 2.9–4.1 × as long as hind trochanter (HF 0.68–1.24); spurs of hind tibia 0.2–0.4× as long as hind basitarsus (SP 0.11–0.22, HB 0.44–0.72); hind tibia and basitarsus 6.6–8.0 × and 4.2–6.4 × as long as their width ( HTI 0.70–1.14, HTIW 0.08–0.13, HBW 0.09–0.12); T1 L 0.6–0.8× as long as T2 L, 3.4–6.0 × as long as basal width ( T1 L 0.39–0.54, T2 L 0.64–0.93, T1 BW 0.11–0.14); longitudinal striation of T2 limited basally and medially or sometimes absent.

MALE (n = 9) ( Figs 1B, D, F , 2B, E , 3A–C ). Length of body 3.1–3.8 mm, fore wing 2.2–2.8 mm. Similar to female except as follows; facial orbit of eye with sparse; POL 1.2–1.5 × as long as OD (POL 0.13–0.16, OD 0.09– 0.12); OOL 1.0–1.4 × as long as OD (OOL 0.10–0.12); LOL 0.7–0.9 × as long as OD (LOL 0.06–0.08); FI 4.1–5.0 × as long as MOL (FI 0.40–0.49, MOL 0.09–0.10); MID 1.4–2.5 × as long as CW (MID 0.30–0.39, CW 0.13–0.21). ML 1.1–1.3 × as long as its height (ML 0.85–1.08, MH 0.67–0.85). Hind coxa 1.4–2.4 × as long as hind trochanter (HC 0.23–0.61, HTR 0.19–0.34); hind femur 2.7–4.5 × as long as hind trochanter (HF 0.61–1.01); spurs of hind tibia 0.2–0.5× as long as hind basitarsus (SP 0.10–0.30, HB 0.42–0.73). T1L 3.1–4.8 × as long as basal width (T1L 0.41–0.51, T1BW 0.10–0.15). Posterior margin of abdominal sternum 9 with 2–4 setae and slightly concave on median part; spiculum present. Valviceps of penisvalva almost crescent shaped and weakly widened basally; basal edge of valviceps downward sloping; valvura slightly sinuate. Dorso-basal corner of gonostyle sharply protruded.

Coloration similar to female, but most of the face largely yellow.

Biology. Females and males have been observed hovering over the entrance of Lasius japonicus Santschi, 1941 nests in Hokkaido and Kyushu (Fukuoka). Specimens from Gifu, Honshu and one specimen from Ehime, Shikoku (Y. Hisasue, pers. com.) were also collected with Lasius sakagamii Yamauchi & Hayashida, 1979 .

Distibution. Currently known from Japan and Korea. [ Japan] Hokkaido, Honshu (Iwate, Toyama, Saitama, Tokyo, Nara), Shikoku (Ehime), Kyushu (Fukuoka). [Korea] Okcheon.

Etymology. Named after the Latin ‘lunaris’, meaning lunar, reffering to the propodeal spiracle like crescent shape.

Remarks. This species resembles H. hei in the coloration of mesoscutum and mesopleuron, the sculptured speculum, the shape of vein 2r & RS of fore wing and the length of vein RS+M, but it can be distinguished by the following combination of character states: the surface of head is mostly alutaceous, the basal 1/3 of basal cell of fore wing is hairless, and the T1 medially has a longitudinal depression. It differs from other Japanese species by the following combination of character states: the vein RS+M of fore wing is very short, the basal 1/3 of basal cell is hairless, the T1 medially has a longitudinal depression, and the mesosoma is smooth and shiny. Although male genitalia of this subfamily are described only for Neohybrizon mutus ( Hisasue & Konishi, 2019) , the morphology may have certain taxonomic value. The male genitalia of this species exhibit marked differences in the morphology of abdominal sternum 9, penisvalva, gonostyle compared to Neohybrizon mutus ( Hisasue & Konishi, 2019) ( Figs. 3A–C ). Specifically, the spiculum of abdorminal sternum 9 is present (it is absent in N. mutus ), the valviceps of penisvalva is wider basally than in N. mutus , the dorso-basal corner of gonostyle is sharply protruded (it is gently rounded in N. mutus ). Although only H. lunaris was examined in this study, it is necessary to discuss the taxonomic utility of the male genitalia by examining each species of the genus Hybrizon in the future.

Figures

FIGURE 1. Hybrizon lunaris sp. nov.:A, B, habitus in lateral view:A, female (holotype); B,male (paratype);C, D, head in frontal view: C, female (holotype); D, male (paratype); E, F, mesosoma in dorsal view: E, female (holotype); F, male (paratype).

FIGURE 2. Hybrizon lunaris sp. nov.: A, B, mesosoma in lateral view: A, female (holotype); B, male (paratype); C, fore wing of female (paratype); D, E, metasoma in dorsal view: D, female (holotype); E, male (paratype).

FIGURES 3. Hybrizon lunaris sp. nov.:A–C male genitalia (paratype).A, abdorminal sternum 9 in ventral view; B, penisvalva in lateral view; C, gonostyle in mesal view.