Cryphalus kyotoensis Nobuchi, 1966

Johnson, Andrew J., Li, You, Mandelshtam, Michail Yu., Park, Sangwook, Lin, Ching-Shan, Gao, Lei & Hulcr, Jiri, 2020, East Asian Cryphalus Erichson (Curculionidae, Scolytinae): new species, new synonymy and redescriptions of species, ZooKeys 995, pp. 15-66 : 15

Cryphalus kyotoensis Nobuchi, 1966 Figures 2F , 3F , 10A-I

Cryphalus kyotoensis Nobuchi, 1966: 53 (Japan).

Type material examined.

Japan • 1 ♀ Holotype; Kyoto, Kyoto City, Mizoro-ga-ike; 30 Dec. 1957; A. Nobuchi leg.; ex. Alnus firma ; UFFE:34947 (NIAES).

Other material examined.

China • 1 ♀; Fujian, Longyan, Songmao Ridge, Liancheng; 25.57°N, 116.59°E; 03 Sep. 2019; Ling Zhang leg.; ex. unknown; 20190903001; AJJ also saw 1m and 1f from same collection, returned; UFFE:34068; (UFFE) • 1; Guangdong, Shenzhen, Yantian; 22.5889°N, 114.2842°E; 08 Apr. 2017; Wei Lin leg.; EtOH trap; UFFE:33203; (UFFE) • 1 ♀, 1 ♂; Jiangxi, Xunwu, Xiangshan; 24.9129°N, 115.8538°E; 10 Oct. 2018; You Li leg.; ex. Rhus chinensis ; (IOZ, 1 ♀ IOZ(E)2057938, 1 ♂ IOZ(E)2057939); UFFE:31746; • 1 ♀; same collection data; DNA: 28S:MT431544, COI:MT431648; UFFE:33232 • 1 ♂; same collection data; UFFE:31745; (UFFE) • 9 ♀♀, 9 ♂♂; same collection data; (NHMUK, 1♀, 1♂; FSCA, 1♀, 1♂; MZB, 1♀, 1♂; NIAES, 1♀, 1♂; NMNS, 1♀, 1♂; RIFID, 1♀, 1♂; UFFE, 1♀, 1♂; USNM, 1♀, 1♂; ZIN, 1♀, 1♂); UFFE:31741.

South Korea • 1 ♀; Chungcheongbuk-do, Cheongju-si, Oksan-myeon, Guksa-ri; 02 Jul. 2008; Sangwook Park leg.; UFFE:28140; (UFFE) • 1 ♂; same collection data; DNA: 28S:MT431543, COI:MT431647; UFFE:28139; (UFFE) • 5; same collection data; UFFE:28138; (UFFE) • 65 ♀♀, 77 ♂♂; Chungcheongnam-do, Gongju-si, Banpo-myeon, Maam-ri; 36.4252°N, 127.1979°E; 02 Aug. 2009; Sangwook Park leg.; UFFE:34708; (RIFID) • 1 ♀, 1 ♂; Gangwon-do, Chuncheon-si, Dong-myeon, Gamjeong-ri; 37.8952°N, 127.8218°E; 04 May 2017; Sangwook Park leg.; UFFE:34705; (RIFID) • 1 ♀, 2 ♂♂; Gangwon-do, Goseong-gun, Toseong-myeon, Wonam-ri; 38.2136°N, 128.4707°E; 15 Apr. 2016; Sangwook Park leg.; UFFE:34698; (RIFID) • 1 ♂; Gangwon-do, Inje-gun, Inje-eub, Nambuk-ri; 38.0753°N, 128.1336°E; 23 Apr. 2013; Sangwook Park leg.; UFFE:34701; (RIFID) • 2 ♀♀, 7 ♂♂; Gangwon-do, Inje-gun, Buk-myeon, Hangye-ri; 38.1357°N, 128.2763°E; 17 Apr. 2018; Sangwook Park leg.; UFFE:34702; (RIFID) • 2 ♀♀, 4 ♂♂; Gangwon-do, Inje-gun, Buk-myeon, Hangye-ri; 38.1357°N, 128.2763°E; 08 May 2018; Sangwook Park leg.; UFFE:34707; (RIFID) • 1 ♂; Gangwon-do, Samcheok-si, Mapyeong-dong; 37.4244°N, 129.1345°E; 12 Sep. 2013; Sangwook Park leg.; UFFE:34696; (RIFID) • 1 ♂; Gangwon-do, Samcheok-si, Mapyeong-dong; 37.4268°N, 129.1351°E; 16 Jun. 2016; Sangwook Park leg.; UFFE:34704; (RIFID) • 3 ♀♀; Gangwon-do, Yangyang-gun, Seo-myeon, Yeongdeok-ri; 37.9914°N, 128.5304°E; 15 Apr. 2016; Sangwook Park leg.; UFFE:34700; (RIFID) • 1 ♂; Gangwon-do, Yangyang-gun, Seo-myeon, Seorim-ri; 37.9634°N, 128.5178°E; 17 Apr. 2018; Sangwook Park leg.; UFFE:34697; (RIFID) • 1 ♂; Gangwon-do, Yangyang-gun, Seo-myeon, Osaek-ri; 38.0746°N, 128.4818°E; 08 May 2018; Sangwook Park leg.; UFFE:34699; (RIFID) • 6 ♂♂; Gyeonggi-do, Gapyeong-gun, Seolak-myeon, Seonchon-ri; 37.6769°N, 127.4716°E; 15 Apr. 2016; Sangwook Park leg.; UFFE:34706; (RIFID) • 1; Gyeongnam-do, Sangcheong-gun, Sicheon-myeon, Jungsan-ri; 35.1802°N, 127.4511°E; 01 Aug. 2008; Sangwook Park leg.; UFFE:28143; (UFFE) • 8 ♀♀, 6 ♂♂; Gyeongsangbuk-do, Sangju-si, Sabeol-myeon, Deokga-ri; 36.5091°N, 128.2241°E; 13 Apr. 2018; Sangwook Park leg.; UFFE:34695; (RIFID) • 1 ♀; Gyeongsangbuk-do, Sangju-si, Sabeol-myeon, Deokga-ri; 36.5091°N, 128.2241°E; 25 Apr. 2018; Sangwook Park leg.; UFFE:34703; (RIFID) • 1; Gyeongsangnam-do, Sangcheong-gun, Sicheon-myeon, Jungsan-ri; 35.1802°N, 127.4511°E; 01 Aug. 2008; Sangwook Park leg.; UFFE:28142; (UFFE).

Diagnosis.

This species can be identified by the combination of the size (1.10-1.30 mm), the proportions (2.15 × as long as wide) and the scale-like interstrial ground vestiture which is fused to the elytra.

Female. Length 1.20-1.30 mm (holotype 1.15 mm). Proportions 2.15 × as long as wide. Frons simple, convex, with a small fovea in the centre. Antennal club with three recurved sutures marked by coarse setae. Antennae with three funicular segments. Pronotal colour dark brown. Pronotal profile widest at base, broadly rounded. Pronotal margin armed with eight serrations. Pronotal declivity with approx. 40-50 asperities, some of which are joined near the summit. Pronotal disc approximately one third of the pronotal length, sloping weakly from the summit. Pronotal vestiture coarse hair-like, light golden brown. Suture between pronotum and elytra weakly sinuate, marked with a carina at the base of the pronotum. Scutellum V-shaped, with hair-like setae. Elytra 1.6 × as long as pronotum, translucent yellow-brown, broadly rounded with no clear transition to the declivity. Striae clearly visible as rows devoid of ground vestiture, and weakly visible punctures. Interstrial bristles erect, hair-like with blunt tips. Interstrial ground vestiture scale-like, recumbent, appearing fused to the elytra, sitting convex with a median keel; less than 1.5 × as long as wide. Protibiae and protarsi with only straight, hair-like setae. Mesocoxae separated, barely more than metacoxae. Proventriculus not examined.

Male. Similar to female except: Length 1.10-1.30 mm. Frons with a slightly deeper fovea, and a distinct transverse carina above the level of the eyes. Last abdominal ventrite not emarginated, similar to female. Proventriculus sutural teeth irregularly sized and shaped, though mostly rounded/conical, in two or more confused rows. Apical teeth extending only about half of segment width. Closing teeth long, barely branched near tip. Masticatory brush shorter than apical plate. Aedeagus long, bulbous at the base. Penis apodemes longer than penis body. Tegmen without paired apodemes.

Distribution.

China (Fujian, Guangdong, Jiangxi); Japan; South Korea.

Ecology.

Collected from branches 4-10 cm diameter.

Recorded plant hosts.

Anacardiaceae : Rhus chinensis Mill.; Betulaceae : Alnus firma Siebold & Zucc.

Remarks.

This species is phylogenetically similar to C. longus Eggers, 1926 from Primorskiy Kray and Japan (and likely present in northern China), which shares the unusual recumbent setae, but differs in the proportions.

The aedeagus is somewhat unusual among Cryphalus for having no paired apodemes on the tegmen, which is usually present and unique to Cryphalus .

Figures

Figure 2. Proventriculus of A Cryphalus artocarpus, UFFE: 33165 B C. dilutus, UFFE: 34684 C C. dorsalis, UFFE: 25581 D C. gnetivorus, UFFE: 31753 E C. itinerans, UFFE: 33178 F C. kyotoensis, UFFE: 33232 G C. lipingensis, UFFE: 28048 H C. mangiferae, UFFE: 34966 I C. meridionalis, UFFE: 28061 J C. morivorus, UFFE: 27604 K C. paramangiferae, UFFE: 34965.

Figure 3. Aedeagus of A Cryphalus artocarpus, UFFE: 33165 B C. dilutus, UFFE: 34684 C C. dorsalis, UFFE: 25581 D C. gnetivorus, UFFE: 31753 E C. itinerans, UFFE: 33178 F C. kyotoensis, UFFE: 31745 G C. lipingensis, UFFE: 28048 H C. mangiferae, UFFE: 34966 I C. meridionalis, UFFE: 28061 J C. morivorus, UFFE: 27604 K C. paramangiferae, UFFE: 34965.

Figure 10. Cryphalus kyotoensis A, C, E, G, H female UFFE: 33170 B, D, F, I male, UFFE: 31745.