Torymus flavigastris Matsuo

Matsuo, Kazunori, Yang, Man - Miao, Tung, Gene - Sheng, Tokuda, Makoto & Yukawa, Junichi, 2012, Description of a new and redescriptions of two known species of Tor ym u s (Hymenoptera: Torymidae) in Taiwan with a key to Taiwanese species, Zootaxa 3409, pp. 47-57 : 48-51

Torymus flavigastris Matsuo , sp. nov.

Figs 1–9

Etymology. The specific name, flavigastris , is derived from coloration of the metasoma.

Material examined. Holotype: Ƥ, emerged on 26 March 2009 from a cup-shaped gall on Litsea acuminata collected by S.-F. Lin from Chinshuiying, Pingtung, Taiwan ( NCHU).

Paratypes: 13, emerged on 26 March 2009 from a cup-shaped gall on Litsea acuminata collected by S.-F. Lin from Chinshuiying, Pingtung, Taiwan ( NCHU); 1Ƥ, emerged on 26 March 2009 from a slender club-shaped gall on Machilus pseudolongifolia collected by T.-C. Chiang and W.-N. Chen from Chinshuiying, Pingtung, Taiwan ( NCHU); 2Ƥ, emerged on 26 March 2009 from slender club-shaped galls on M. pseudolongifolia collected by T.- C. Chiang and W.-N. Chen from Chinshuiying, Pingtung, Taiwan ( ELKU); 1Ƥ, emerged on 26 March 2011 from a spindle-shaped gall on Eurya chinensis collected by G.-S. Tung from Shindian, Taipei, Taiwan ( NCHU); 23, emerged on 26 March 2011 from a spindle-shaped gall on E. chinensis collected by G.-S. Tung from Shindian, Taipei, Taiwan ( ELKU).

Description. FEMALE ( Fig. 1 ). Body length excluding ovipositor sheath 2.1–3.0 mm. Head bluish green. Scape brownish yellow, darker apically; pedicel and all flagellomeres dark brown. Mesosoma bluish green. Fore wing sometimes with brownish marking apically. Fore and mid coxae brownish yellow; hind coxa bluish green in dorsal half; all femora brownish yellow; fore and mid tibiae brownish yellow; hind tibia dark brown. Metasoma laterally with yellowish brown area extending from base to middle of metasoma.

Head 1.9–2.0× as wide as long in dorsal view; temples narrow, about 0.1× as long as dorsal length of eye; POL 1.6–1.8× OOL; OOL 1.1–1.2× OD. Head 1.2–1.3× as wide as high in frontal view ( Fig. 2 ); eyes separated 0.8–0.9× by their height; malar space 0.2–0.3× height of eye; mouth 2.4–2.6× malar space; clypeus with apical margin truncate; mandible with three teeth. Antenna ( Fig. 3 ) clavate; scape 0.6–0.7× as long as height of eye, not reaching anterior ocellus; combined length of pedicel and flagellomeres 1.0–1.2× width of head; pedicel 1.6–1.8× as long as wide; anellus transverse, 2.0–2.5× as wide as long; F1–F3 quadrate; F4–F5 1.1–1.3× as wide as long; F6–F7 1.3–1.5× as wide as long; each segment bearing longitudinal sensilla arranged in one row.

Mesosoma 1.6–1.8× as long as wide; mesoscutum ( Fig. 4 ) with distinct piliferous punctures; sculpture on mesoscutum in anterior half transversely reticulate; notauli distinct; scutellum ( Fig. 5 ) 1.1–1.2× as long as wide, sculptured as posterior part of mesoscutum; dorsellum with median carina; propodeum ( Fig. 6 ) with superficial striae, smoother medially; lower mesepimeron 1.0–1.1× as long as wide. Fore wing 2.3–2.6× as long as wide ( Fig. 7 ); costal cell 8.5–10.0× as long as wide, on upper surface with a setal row which becomes double apically, on lower surface with scattered setae; basal cell closed below, hairy; speculum very small, closed below; relative length of marginal vein: postmarginal vein: stigmal vein = 6.5: 2.4: 1.0; stigmal vein petiolate. Hind coxa 1.8–2.0× as long as wide, dorsally with carina at base and pilose throughout; hind femur ( Fig. 8 ) with a slender tooth ventrally in apical part, 4.4–4.5× as long as wide; hind tibia with longer spur 1.1–1.3× as long as width of hind tibia, about 0.5× length of basitarsus, and shorter spur 0.6–0.7× length of longer spur.

Metasoma as long as mesosoma; posterior margin of metasomal tergum five entire; tip of hypopygium situated at about 0.7 length of metasoma, with a few setae; ovipositor sheath as long as metasoma, 1.4–1.6× as long as hind tibia.

MALE. Differs from female as follows. Body length about 3.0 mm. Antenna stouter ( Fig. 9 ); F1 and F2 quadrate; F3–F7 1.5–1.7× as wide as long. Hind coxa about 2.3× as long as wide.

Distribution. Taiwan.

Host information. The new species was reared from cup-shaped galls on Litsea acuminata (Blume) Kurata (= Actinodaphne acuminat a (Blume) Meisner) ( Lauraceae ) ( Fig. 10), slender club-shaped galls on Machilus pseudolongifolia Hayata (Lauraceae) ( Fig. 11 ), and stem galls on Eurya chinensis Robert Brown (Theaceae) induced by unidentified gall midges. This is the first record of Torymidae associated with gall midges on Lauraceae and Theaceae in the world ( Fulmek 1968; Grissell 1995, 1999; Matsuo & Yukawa 2009a, 2009b; Matsuo 2010; Noyes 2011).

Remarks. T. flavigastris has no indication of a frenal area on the scutellum whereas other species belonging to the T. cupreus –group have a distinct frenal area. Torymus flavigastris can be distinguished from other congeners by the cupreus –group features and the following: temple narrow, about 0.1× as long as dorsal length of eye; antenna clavate; scutellum wholly sculptured; propodeum with superficial striae, smoother medially; fore wing sometimes with brownish cloud apically; and speculum of fore wing very small.

Figures

FIGURE 1. Holotype female of Torymus flavigastris.

FIGURES 2 – 9. Torymus flavigastris: 2, Ƥ head, frontal view; 3, Ƥ antenna; 4, Ƥ mesoscutum; 5, Ƥ scutellum; 6, Ƥ propodeum; 7, Ƥ fore wing, upper surface; 8, Ƥ hind femur; 9, 3 antenna. Scale bars: 2 – 6, 9 0.2 mm; 7, 8 0.5 mm.

FIGURE 11. Slender club-shaped galls induced by an unidentified gall midge on Machilus pseudolongifolia.