Flabellum curvatum Moseley, 1881

Cairns, Stephen D. & Polonio, Virginia, 2013, New records of deep-water Scleractinia off Argentina and the Falkland Islands, Zootaxa 3691 (1) : -

Flabellum curvatum Moseley, 1881

Figs. 1A , 3 K–M, 14

Flabellum curvatum Moseley, 1881: 174 –175, pl. 6, figs. 3a–d.—Squires, 1969: 18, pl. 6, map 3.—Cairns, 1982: 35–38, pl. 10, figs. 10–11, pl. 11, figs. 6–9, map 9 (complete synonymy); 1990: 50–51, fig. 17.—Cairns et al., 2005: 40.

Remarks. This species was well described and figured by Cairns (1982). The largest specimen examined from off Argentina (ATL09-Lo59) is 47.8 x 30.6 mm in calicular diameter and 68 mm in height. Some specimens ( Fig. 3 M) differ slightly from the typical populations in having less corallum curvature, a straight pedicel, and lacking serrations in the septal notch near the calicular margin. These differences may be related to depth, as these three specimens were collected from 1343–1620 m, and are thus considered as representing the deep-water form of this species. Also, see Remarks of F. thouarsii for a comparison to that very similar species.

Flabellum curvatum was the most frequently collected species from this region, often occurring in high density ( Fig. 1 B) and being collected by the hundreds from one trawl.

Distribution. Known from entire coast of Argentina from Rio de la Plata to Tierra del Fuego, Falkland Islands, South Georgia, and the southern fjords of Chile, at depths of 115–1137 m ( Fig. 14). The records reported herein do not extend its geographic range but do extend its deepest bathymetric range from 1137 to 1620 m.

Material. Typical form: PAT0108DR1, 40, MNCN; PAT0108DR8, 1, MNCN; PAT0108DR11, 1, MNCN; PAT0108DR12, 10, MNCN; PAT0108DR14, 20, MNCN; PAT1008DR1, 3, MNCN; PAT1008DR3, 5, MNCN; PAT1008DR4,11, MNCN; PAT1008DR5, 1, MNCN; PAT0108DR17, 9, MNCN; PAT1008DR8, 1, MNCN; PAT1008DR9, 2, MNCN; PAT1008DR10, 5, MNCN; PAT1008DR11, 2, MNCN; PAT1008DR12, 7, MNCN; PAT1008DR13, 9, MNCN; PAT1108DR1, 1, USNM 1193299; PAT1108DR2, 1, MNCN; PAT1108DR3, 1, MNCN; PAT1108DR5, 20, MNCN; PAT1108DR8, 6, MNCN; PAT1108DR10, 3, MNCN; PAT1108BC5, 5, MNCN; PAT1208DR4, 1, MNCN; PAT1208DR5, 12, MNCN; PAT1208DR6, 9, MNCN; PAT1208DR7, 7, MNCN; PAT1208DR9, 14, MNCN; PAT1208DR10, 2, MNCN; PAT1208DR11, MNCN; PAT1208DR14, 6, MNCN, and 1, USNM 1193304; PAT1208DR16, 7, MNCN, and 3, USNM 1193296 and 1193302; PAT1208DR17, 1, USNM 1193294; PAT1208DR18, 2, MNCN; PAT0209DR1, 9, MNCN; PAT0209DR2, 7, MNCN; PAT0209DR3, 16, MNCN; PAT0209DR5, 9, MNCN; PAT0209DR14, 9, MNCN; PAT0209Dr15, 3, MNCN; PAT0209BC7, 4, MNCN; PAT0209BC27, 5, MNCN; PAT0209BC34, 1, MNCN; PAT0210DR4, 19, MNCN; PAT0210DR6, 4, MNCN; PAT0210DR7, 6, MNCN; PAT0210DR8, 2, MNCN; PAT0210DR9, 1, MNCN; ATL08Lo3, 2, MNCN; ATL08Lo48, 1, MNCN; ATL08Lo54, 2, MNCN; ATL08Lo56, 1, MNCN; ATL08Lo57, 5, MNCN; ATL08Lo68, 2, MNCN; ATL08Lo72, 3, MNCN; ATL08Lo75, 2, MNCN; ATL08Lo78, 4, MNCN; ATL08Lo86, 1, MNCN; ATL08Lo97, 1, MNCN; ATL08Lo103, 3, MNCN; ATL08Lo104, 5, MNCN; ATL08Lo107, 2, MNCN; ATL08Lo108, 7, MNCN; ATL08Lo111, 1, MNCN; ATL08Lo124, 1, MNCN; ATL08Lo129, 1, MNCN; ATL08Lo136, 1, MNCN; ATL09Lo7, 1, MNCN; ATL09Lo8, 1, MNCN; ATL09Lo9, 1, MNCN; ATL09Lo14, 30, MNCN; ATL09Lo15, 4, MNCN; ATL09Lo52, 1, MNCN; ATL09Lo56, 1, MNCN; ATL09Lo57, 1, MNCN; ATL09Lo58, 3, MNCN; ATL09Lo59, 2, MNCN, and 2, USNM 1193297; ATL09Lo60, 6, MNCN; ATL09Lo61, 2, MNCN; ATL09Lo63, 9, MNCN; ATL09Lo65, 8, MNCN; ATL09Lo66, 7, MNCN, and 1, USNM 1193295; ATL09Lo67, 3, MNCN; ATL09Lo69, 4, MNCN; ATL09Lo70, 1, MNCN; ATL09Lo71, 4, MNCN; ATL09Lo72, 3, MNCN; ATL09Lo73, 1, MNCN; ATL09Lo74, 1, MNCN; ATL09Lo77, 3, MNCN; ATL09Lo79, 2, MNCN; ATL09Lo80, 1, MNCN; ATL09Lo81, 2, MNCN; ATL09Lo83, 4, MNCN; ATL09Lo84, 1, MNCN; ATL09Lo86, 1, MNCN; ATL09Lo91, 6, MNCN; ATL09Lo92, 1, USNM 1193303; ATL09Lo95, 4, MNCN; ATL09Lo96, 1, MNCN; ATL09Lo98, 2, MNCN; ATL09Lo103, 1, MNCN; ATL09Lo112, 3, MNCN; ATL09Lo113, 2, MNCN; ATL09Lo113, 2, MNCN; ATL09Lo117, 2, MNCN; ATL09Lo118, 2, MNCN; ATL0310Lo2, 4, MNCN; ATL0310Lo3, 18, MNCN; ATL0310Lo4, 1, MNCN; ATL0310Lo7, 10, MNCN; ATL0310Lo8, 7, MNCN; ATL0310Lo9, 10, MNCN; ATL0310Lo10, 3, MNCN; ATL0310Lo23, 1, MNCN; ATL0310Lo33, 2, MNCN; ATL0310Lo34, 1, MNCN; ATL0310Lo51, 1, MNCN; ATL0310Lo53, 1, MNCN; ATL0310Lo59, 2, MNCN; ATL0310Lo60, 1, MNCN; ATL0310Lo64, 1, MNCN; ATL0310Lo79, 1, MNCN; ATL0310Lo87, 2, MNCN; ATL10Lo89, 2, USNM 1193298. Deep-water straight form: PAT0209DR7, 1, USNM 1193301; ATL09Lo100, 1, USNM 1193300; ATL09Lo101, 1, USNM 1193305.

Figures

FIGURE 1. A, Flabellum curvatum, in situ, 46 ° 21.2253 ’ S, 59 ° 19.6271 ’ W, 200 m; B, Bathelia candida, in situ, 46 ° 16.5152 ’ S, 60 ° 41.4169 ’ W, 130 m.

FIGURE 3. A – B, Crispatotrochus cornu, PAT 0209 DR 16, calicular and lateral views of corallum. C – G, Monohedotrochus capitolii: C, PAT 1008 DR 8, calicular view; D, PAT 0209 DR 11, calicular view; E – F, PAT 1008 DR 3, calicular and lateral views of corallum; G, PAT 0108 DR 11, calicular view. H – I, Desmophyllum dianthus: H, PAT 0108 DR 11, lateral view of corallum; I, PAT 1008 DR 4, calicular view of corallum attached to a stylasterid. J, Solenosmilia australis, holotype. K – M, Flabellum curvatum: K – L, ATL 09 Lo 66, lateral and calicular views of corallum; M, ATL 10 Lo 89, lateral view of straight corallum. N – O, F. thouarsii, ATL 10 Lo 89, lateral and calicular views of corallum with tissue.