Procyrnea beveridgei, Zhang & Song & Zhang, 2011

Zhang, Shuqian, Song, Jie & Zhang, Luping, 2011, Three species of Procyrnea Chabaud, 1958 (Nematoda: Habronematoidea: Habronematidae) from raptors in Beijing, China, with descriptions of two new species, Journal of Natural History 45 (47 - 48), pp. 2915-2928 : 2916-2919

Procyrnea beveridgei sp. nov.

( Figures 1 and 2 )

Type host

Butastur indicus (Gmelin) .

Other hosts

Accipiter nisus (Linnaeus) , Buteo buteo (Linnaeus) .

Type locality

Beijing, China (39 ◦ 54’ N, 116 ◦ 28’ E) .

Site of infection

Under the lining of the gizzard.

Prevalence

One hundred per cent (1 bird), 80 specimens in Butastur indicus ; 26.7% (four of 15 birds), 9–26 (17.5) specimens in Accipiter nisus ; 12.5% (one of eight birds), 57 specimens in Buteo buteo .

H I

Type specimens

Holotype: male (HBNU-1116); allotype: female (HBNU-1117); paratypes: 10 males (HBNU-1118) and 10 females (HBNU-1119).

Etymology

The new species is named for Professor Ian Beveridge, Department of Veterinary Science, The University of Melbourne, for his contributions on parasitic nematodes.

Diagnosis

Body medium size with fine transverse striations. Labial region consisting of two pseudolabia and dorsal and ventral labia. Pseudolabia of similar width, with anterior end protruded to ventral and dorsal sides, amphids located on base of pseudolabia; three small teeth on interior border of each pseudolabium. Dorsal and ventral labia each consisting of two submedian lobes, with two papillae on each, and a median internal process. Lateral alae well developed, with sinuous striations, left ala longer than the right one. Oesophagus clearly divided into short anterior muscular part and long posterior glandular part. Muscular oesophagus 3.88–4.46% (3.92%) of total body length (TBL) in male and 2.62–3.71% (3.22%) TBL in female; glandular oesophagus 18.33–22.41% (20.67%) in male and 14.53–19.69% (17.31%) in female. Nerve ring located at about middle level of muscular oesophagus. Cervical papillae anterior to nerve ring, excretory pore posterior to nerve ring.

Male (n = 10). Body length 8.1–11.8 (10.4) mm. Maximum width 196–265 (230). Left lateral ala 4.6–5.9 (5.3) mm long, 47.0–56.0% (52.0%) TBL from anterior end; right lateral ala 2.9–3.9 (3.2) mm long, 26.4–36.4% (31.0%) TBL from anterior end. Buccal capsule 18–23 (19) long. Muscular oesophagus 333–461 (405) long and 18–39 (26) wide; glandular oesophagus 1.7–2.6 (2.1) mm long and 98–147 (113) wide. Nerve ring 186–245 (218) from anterior end; excretory pore 274–304 (287) from anterior end; cervical papillae 108–137 (120) from anterior end. Posterior end of body curved. Caudal alae well developed, symmetrical, 0.83–1.07 (0.96) mm long, with longitudinal striations on ventral surface and transverse striations on the dorsal surface. Ventral surface with prominent longitudinal ridges. Tail pointed, 196–255 (232) long, with four pairs of symmetrically arranged pedunculate pre-cloacal papillae, two pairs of asymmetrically arranged post-cloacal papillae, and four pairs of sessile papillae located near tail tip. Spicules unequal and dissimilar. Left spicule 588–706 (627) long, with a pointed tip. Right spicule 196–274 (257) long, with a blunt tip. Gubernaculum irregularly shaped, 31–43 (37) long, 30–43 (35) wide.

Female (n = 10). Body length 12.04–16.70 (13.76) mm. Maximum width 233–369 (291). Left lateral ala 4.8–5.7 (5.3) mm long, 39.8–47.5% (42.3%) TBL from anterior end; right lateral ala 3.1–4.1 (3.6) mm long, 23.5–34.2% (29.1%) TBL from anterior end. Buccal capsule 34–49 (44) long. Muscular oesophagus 372–485 (437) long, 78–108 (90) wide; glandular oesophagus 1.9–2.6 (2.4) mm long, 97–126 (107) wide. Nerve ring 235–291 (261) from anterior end; excretory pore 282–340 (298) from anterior end; and cervical papillae 117–146 (131) from anterior end. Vulva 5.83–7.55 (6.68) mm from anterior end. Tail pointed, 184–262 (225) long. Egg oval, thick shelled, 30–38 (35) long, 15–23 (21) wide.

Remarks

Procyrnea beveridgei sp. nov. resembles P. strialata Zhang, 1991 , Procyrnea mawsonae Zhang, Brooks and Causey, 2004 , and Procyrnea mclennanae Zhang, Brooks and Causey, 2004 in having two transversely striated lateral alae. The new species can be distinguished from P. strialata in having symmetrical instead of asymmetrical caudal alae, in the shape of the gubernaculum (irregularly shaped in P. beveridgei vs triangular in P. strialata ), and in having a blunted distal end of the right spicule versus a pointed distal end. Also, P. beveridgei has a longer male tail (196–255 in the new species vs 120–133 in P. strialata ). The new species can be easily distinguished from P. mawsonae in the shape of spicules (left spicule with pointed distal end and right spicule with blunted distal end in the new species vs left spicule with bifid distal end and right spicule with hook-like distal end in P. mawsonae ). Also, P. beveridgei males possess a single pre-cloacal sessile papilla, lacking in P. mawsonae males. P. beveridgei sp. nov. differs from P. mclennanae in having equal rather than unequal lateral alae, and in the length and shape of the spicules (left spicule 590–710 long with pointed distal end, right spicule 200–300 long with a blunted distal end in beveridgei vs left spicule 1.52–1.66 mm long with bifid distal end, right spicule 460–540 long with hooklike distal end in P. mclennanae ). In addition, P. beveridgei can be distinguished from P. mclennanae in having a single pre-cloacal papilla.

Figures

Figure 1. Procyrnea beveridgei sp. nov. (A, C) Anterior end of female, lateral view; (B) anterior end of female, ventral view; (D) posterior end of female, lateral view; (E) vulval region of female, lateral view; (F) gubernaculum, ventral view; (G) right spicule; (H, I) posterior end of male.

Figure 2. Scanning electron micrographs of Procyrnea beveridgei sp. nov. (A) Cephalic end of female, apical view; (B) anterior end of female; (C) anterior end of female, lateral view; (D) tail of female; ventral view; (E) posterior end of male, lateral view; (F) right spicule; (G, H) posterior end of male, ventral view; (I) tip of male tail.