Anatina anatina ( Spengler, 1802 )

Signorelli, Javier H. & Pastorino, Guido, 2012, Taxonomic revision of Brazilian Mactridae Lamarck, 1809 (Bivalvia: Cardiida), Zootaxa 3245, pp. 30-53 : 45-46

Anatina anatina ( Spengler, 1802)

Figure 10 A–F

Mactra anatina Spengler, 1802: 120 ; Mörch, 1870: 124.

Anatina pellucida Schumacher, 1817: 126 , pl. 8, fig. 1

Lutraria papyracea Lamarck, 1818 (not Gmelin, 1791); G. B. Sowerby I, 1821–1834: pl. 38, fig. 2; Deshayes & Milne-Edwards, 1835: 93; Reeve, 1841: 60, pl. 41, fig. 2; Chenu, 1844 in 1842–1854: pl. 1, fig. 3. Sowerby II, 1852: 317, fig. 77; Hanley, 1842 in 1842 – 1856: 27; Dall, 1894c: 41.

Lutraria lineata Say, 1822: 310 — Conrad, 1831: 47, pl. 10, fig. 2; De Kay, 1843: 232

Mactra recurva Wood, 1828 : pl. 1, fig 2.

Lutraria recurva Gray, 1837: 375 .

Mactra nuttallii Reeve, 1854 : fig. 125 (not Conrad, 1837); Dall, 1894b: 27.

Labiosa anatina, Adams & Adams, 1856 in 1853–1858: 386; Conrad, 1868: 42; 1894: 41; Rios, 1970: 197.

Labiosa papyracea, Chenu, 1862: 61 , fig. 250.

Labiosa lineata, Conrad, 1868:42 ; Dall, 1894b: 27; Wilkins, 1957: 165, pl. 24, fig. 10.

Labiosa pellucida, Dall, 1894c: 41

Anatina lineata, Perry, 1940: 83 , pl. 18, fig. 116.

Anatina anatina, Rios, 1975: 237 , pl.75, fig. 1135; 1985: 244, pl. 86, fig. 1216; 1994: 266, pl. 91, fig. 1299; 2009: 538, fig. 1493.

Diagnosis. Shell subcircular, pellucid, external surface with concentric ridges, more grouped at umbonal area; umbones opisthogyrate; pallial sinus deep and high, maximum length 65 mm.

Description. Shell subcircular, fragile, pellucid, inequilateral, large, up to 65 mm in length, umbones opisthogyrate and moderately inflated; anterodorsal margin straight, posterior very short; anterior end rounded, posterior area delimited by a line from the umbones to middle posterior end; siphonal gap formed by shell folds; external surface with concentric ridges more conspicuous along the umbonal area ( Figs.10 A–D); internally white with a deep and high pallial sinus of about half of shell length; right hinge with two unfused cardinal teeth (3a & 3b), one anterior lateral tooth (AI) aligned with the 3a; one posterior lateral tooth (PI) short ( Fig. 10 E); left hinge with Vshaped cardinal tooth (2a & 2b), 2b more elongated, one anterior and one posterior lateral teeth (AII & PII) complete the hinge ( Fig. 10 F).

Type material. [ Mactra anatina ] ZMUC, unnumbered, two syntypes; [ Anatina pellucida ] ZMUC unnumbered, one syntype, RV; [ Lutraria lineata ] ANSP 51313 , four syntypes collected at Beaufort , North Carolina ; [ Mactra recurva ] NHMUK 2010-0621 , holotype.

Type locality. “South America ”

Other material examined. Unites States of America—Georges Bank, Massachusetts ( AMNH 185938 , “ Atlantis expedition”); Fort Macon, North Carolina ( USNM 40762 , 2494); Beaufort ( USNM 27580 , 24586; MACN-In 19252, 4 specimens); South Carolina ( MZUSP 664 ; USNM 54352 ); Charleston ( USNM 27579 , 10380); Florida ( USNM 46864 ); Biscayne Bay ( AMNH 165884 ); Captiva Island ( AMNH 99991 ); Marco Island ( AMNH 248025 ); Peanut Island ( AMNH 294015 ); Sarasota Beach ( USNM 60785 ); Sanibel ( AMNH 249003 , 1 specimen; 269914, 1 specimen with periostracum; 294016, mud and sandy bottom; 99880, 120439, 203205); St. Augustine, Florida ( USNM unnumbered); St. Petersburg. Florida ( AMNH 172239 ); Georgia ( AMNH 34749 ); Sea Island, Georgia ( AMNH 309281 ); Louisiana ( USNM 189184 ); Matagorda Bay, Texas ( USNM 159242 ); Texas ( USNM 6057 ). Colombia—Cartagena ( USNM 364332 ). Brazil—Maceio ( FURG 38517 ); Ilha Grande , RJ ( FURG 34387 ); Angra dos Reis ( MZUSP 63172 ); São Paulo ( MZUSP 663 , 22440, 22441, 22444, 45016, 45017, 45175, 57000, 61552, 77959); USNM 125466 ); Peruíbe ( MZUSP 22448 ); São Sebastião ( MZUSP 22442 , 22443, 22450, 81815); Santos ( USNM 359299 ; MZUSP 22445 , 22446, 22447); Ubatuba ( FURG 46995 , 11812; MZUSP 22439 , 44258); Alcatrazes ( FURG 12549 ); Praia do Saí, Paraná ( MZUSP 22449 ); Porto Belo ( FURG 47842 ); Campeche ( FURG 31298 ).

Distribution. From Massachusetts, USA, to Porto Belo, Santa Catarina, Brazil.

Remarks. Anatina Schumacher, 1817 (Mactridae) has priority over Anatina Lamarck, 1818 (Laternulidae) . Lamarck (1818) latinized the French name “Anatine” previously published ( Lamarck, 1809). However, some authors (e.g. Olsson, 1961; Vokes, 1967) considered Anatina Lamarck sensu Bosc (1816) as valid who mentioned correctly the genus of Lamarck but citing in vernacular only one species (le solen canard, nomen nudum). The nomenclatorial problem of this genus was resolved by Keen (1961).

Anatina anatina ( Spengler, 1802) is a valid mactrid species living along the western Atlantic Ocean. The examination of the type material and original illustrations confirm that Anatina pellucida Schumacher, 1817 ( Fig. 11 A), Lutraria lineata Say, 1822 ( Figs. 11 B–D), Mactra papyracea Lamarck, 1818 (not Gmelin, 1791), Mactra recurva Wood, 1828 ( Fig. 11 E–H) and Mactra nuttallii Reeve, 1854 (vol. 8, pl. 21, sp. 125, not Conrad, 1837) are synonymous species names. The Pacific species Anatina cyprinus ( Wood, 1828) had been cited widely as synonym of A. anatina (see, e.g., Dall, 1894b; Wilkins, 1957; Keen, 1958; Olsson, 1961). However, A. cyprinus from the Eastern Pacific coast is more subcircular, less elongated and has smaller posterior gap than the Atlantic A. anatina ( Figs. 11 I–J).

Figures

FIGURE 10. Anatina anatina (Spengler, 1802), A – D: syntype (ZMUC, unnumbered); E – F: hinge description by using the nomenclature developed by Bernard and Munier Chalmas, E: RV, F: LV, scale bar = 1 cm.

FIGURE 11. Anatina anatina (Spengler, 1802). A: Anatina pellucida Schumacher, 1817, syntype (ZMUC unnumbered); B – D: Lutraria lineata Say, 1822, syntypes (ANSP 51313); E – H: Mactra recurva Wood, 1828 (holotype NHMUK 2010 – 0621); I – J: Mactra cyprinus Wood, 1828 (NHMUK 2010 – 0608), scale bar = 1 cm.