Capsaloides magnaspinosus Price, 1939

Chisholm, Leslie A. & Whittington, Ian D., 2006, Revision of Capsaloides (Monogenea: Capsalidae) with a redescription of C. magnaspinosus Price, 1939 from the nasal tissue of Tetrapterus audax (Istiophoridae) collected off Nelson Bay, New South Wales, Australia, Zootaxa 1160, pp. 1-20 : 10-14

Capsaloides magnaspinosus Price, 1939 ( Figs 1 D, 2D, 5–7)

Type­host: Tetrapterus imperator (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) (Istiophoridae) .

Type­locality: Woods Hole, Massachusetts, USA [Atlantic Ocean].

Additional records: Xiphias gladius Linneaus, 1758 , Aguadilla, Puerto Rico [Atlantic Ocean] (see Williams & Bunkley­Williams 1996); T. albidus Poey, 1860 , Woods Hole [Atlantic Ocean] (see Williams & Bunkley­Williams 1996); Tetrapturus audax (Philippi, 1887) , Nelson Bay, New South Wales, Australia [Pacific Ocean] (present study).

Site: Nares.

Infection details: Two of 5 specimens of T. audax from Nelson Bay, New South Wales, Australia infected with a total of 6 specimens (present study).

Specimens examined: Four mounted specimens collected in present study (vouchers SAMA AHC 28913–16); 1 paratype (USNPC 35648).

Redescription

Capsalinae (sensu Egorova 1989). Redescription and measurements based on 4 flattened specimens and 1 specimen examined using SEM. Specimens a pink colour in life. Total length, including haptor 10,520 (9,000–11,600, n = 4); maximum width 9,017 (7,933–10,667, n = 4) at level of posterior region of testes. Haptor 4,067 (3,467–4,867, n = 4) in diameter; located within posterior body margin ( Figs 5 , 6 A, 6B). Haptor divided by septa into 1 central and 7 peripheral loculi; posterior pair of septa bifid ( Fig. 5 ). Haptoral accessory sclerites 217 (163–282, n = 6) long, with distinct distal point ( Fig. 1 D); associated with anterior region of posterior septal pair. Fourteen hooklets 16 (15–18, n = 14) long, distributed as illustrated ( Fig. 5 ). Haptor surrounded by muscular scalloped marginal valve ( Figs 5 , 6 B, 6E); dorsal surface of each scallop with single distinct papilla ( Figs 5 , 6 E).

Dorsal body surface with large conspicuous papillae ( Fig. 6 B), capable of independent rippling­like movement in live worms. Ventral body surface apapillate ( Fig. 6 B). Margin of body sinuous; each sinuation surmounted by numerous minute tegumental papillae ( Figs 6 C, 6D) and single crown­shaped sclerite comprising 20–30 cusps ( Figs 2 D, 5). Left anterior isolated group of dorsomarginal body sclerites just posterior to common genital pore ( Fig. 5 ); comprises 4–5 sclerites each with 3–8 cusps. Right anterior isolated group of dorsomarginal body sclerites not seen. Anterior attachment organs oval 1,378 (1,267– 1,466, n = 3) long, 971 (954–1,001, n = 3) wide. Two pair of eyespots anterodorsal to pharynx. Pharynx oval without distinct constriction 1,283 (905–1,425, n = 4) long, 1,072 (970–1,141, n = 4) wide.

Testes numerous, arranged in “M” shape ( Fig. 5 ). Vas deferens passes left­side of ovary and loops medially immediately anterior to vitelline reservoir; convoluted then straightening, passing dorsal to vagina and oötype ( Fig. 7 ). Vas deferens enters male copulatory organ sac posteriorly and joins accessory gland reservoir at distal end of male copulatory organ ( Fig. 7 ). Male copulatory organ simple with no spines or protuberances ( Fig. 7 ).

Ovary lobed 710 (511–977, n = 4) long, 1,119 (781–1,345, n = 4) wide. Oviduct passes dorsal to transverse vitelline duct; presumably receives duct (not seen) from vitelline reservoir to form ovovitelline duct ( Fig. 7 ). Ovovitelline duct passing ventral to vas deferens before entering oötype. Mehlis’ glands not seen. Oötype opens into short uterus which joins male copulatory organ canal just prior to common genital pore ( Fig. 7 ). Common genital pore opens at lateral body margin just posterior to margin of left anterior attachment organ ( Fig. 5 ). Vaginal pore opens mid­way between mid­line and left lateral body margin at level of midpoint of pharynx ( Fig. 5 , 6 C); vagina mostly narrow with slight swelling midway along duct at level of oötype proximally, joining vitelline reservoir ( Figs 5 , 7 ). Vitelline follicles extensive filling most of body proper; transverse vitelline duct just anterior to ovary; transverse ducts join to form swollen vitelline reservoir ( Figs 5 , 7 ). Eggs not observed.

Remarks

The original description of C. magnaspinosus by Price (1939) was based on 3 specimens collected from the nasal tissue of T. imperator off Woods Hole, USA by MacCallum in 1924 and deposited in the USNPC. The original illustration was small and it is difficult to see the details of the male and female reproductive system. Price (1939) distinguished C. magnaspinosus from other species in the genus by the large size of the dorsomarginal body sclerites and the relatively large haptor. The presence of a single papilla associated with the dorsal surface of each haptoral scallop ( Figs 5 , 6 E) in the marginal valve was not described by Price (1939) but it also serves to easily distinguish this species since it was not a character seen in any other species from the material examined here.

Figures

FIGURE 1. Haptoral accessory sclerites of Capsaloides species. A. C. cornutus, drawn from USNPC 35136. B. C. cristatus, drawn from USNPC 63597. C. C. hoffmannae, drawn from CNHE 0 0 2718. D. C. magnaspinosus, drawn from USNPC 35648. E. C. nairagi, drawn from USNPC 63599. F. C. perugiai, redrawn from Setti (1898). G. C. sinuatus, redrawn from Goto (1894). Scale bar: 100 m.

FIGURE 2. Nomarksi photomicrographs of the dorsomarginal body sclerites of Capsaloides species. For consistent comparison, the sclerites were photographed at the level of the anterior border of the ovary. A. C. cornutus, from USNPC 35136. B. C. cristatus, from USNPC 63597. C. C. hoffmannae, from CNHE 002718; note that the cusps of the sclerites cannot be seen well in this unflattened specimen and the body margin appears annulated. D. C. magnaspinosus, from USNPC 35648. E. C. nairagi, from USNPC 63599; note that the sclerites are distributed in a slightly zigzagged pattern. F. C. perugiai, from USNPC 63600 (specimen originally identified as C. tetrapteri). Scale bars: 20 m.

FIGURE 5. Capsaloides magnaspinosus. Whole adult parasite, ventral view. NB: For clarity, the intestinal caeca are not drawn. Abbreviations: aao, anterior attachment organ; as, haptoral accessory sclerite; bps, bifid posterior septum; cgp, common genital pore; dbs, dorsomarginal body sclerite; h, hooklet; p, pharynx; t, testis; v, vitellarium. Scale bar: 2 mm.

FIGURE 6. Capsaloides magnaspinosus. A. Light photomicrograph of the whole body, ventral view of mounted specimen. B. Scanning electron micrograph (SEM) of the whole body, ventral view. C. SEM of the anterior part of the body, ventral view, showing the 2 anterior attachment organs, mouth, vaginal pore (arrowhead) and papillate sinuous edge of body. D. Nomarski photomicrograph of the sinuous edge of the body showing small tegumental papillae (arrowhead). E. Nomarski photomicrograph of scalloped muscular marginal valve showing papillae associated with the dorsal surface of each scallop. Scale bars: A, B = 2 mm; C = 500 m; D, E = 100.

FIGURE 7. Capsaloides magnaspinosus. Magnified illustration of the male and female reproductive system, ventral view. Abbreviations: agr, accessory gland reservoir; magd, male accessory gland duct; mco, male copulatory organ; mcoc, male copulatory organ canal; mcos, male copulatory organ sac; o, ovary; oot, oötype; ov, oviduct; ovd, ovovitelline duct; tvd, transverse vitelline duct; v, vagina; vd, vas deferens; vp, vaginal pore; vr, vitelline reservoir; u, uterus. Scale bar: 500 m.