Platyope Fischer von Waldheim, 1820

Chigray, Svetlana N., Nabozhenko, Maxim V., Chigray, Ivan A. & Abakumov, Evgeny V., 2022, A revision of the Palaearctic Pimeliini (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae): a comparative analysis and systematic position of Eastern European and Asian taxa with dorso-lateral eyes, European Journal of Taxonomy 809, pp. 1-71 : 35-43

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.5852/ejt.2022.809.1719
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:A754493E-5466-4479-B515-AABEDDE09D93
DOI	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6885354
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FC8666-5548-FFAC-503F-BA10FEFAFAA3
treatment provided by	Felipe
scientific name	Platyope Fischer von Waldheim, 1820
status

Treatment

Genus Platyope Fischer von Waldheim, 1820

Figs 4E–F View Fig , 5–6 View Fig View Fig , 12C–F View Fig , 13A–D View Fig , 20–21 View Fig View Fig , 23F–G View Fig , 24D View Fig , 25A View Fig , 26H View Fig , 28D–E View Fig

Platyope Fischer von Waldheim, 1820 : fig. 15.

Homopsis Semenov, 1893: 258 (type species Homopsis grumi Semenov, 1893 , by monotypy).

Platyope – Solier 1836: 10. — Lacordaire 1859: 178. — Jacquelin du Val 1861: 261. — Reitter 1893: 204, 247. — Semenov 1893: 249, 262. — Semenov-Tjan-Shansky 1907: 177. — Kühnelt 1957: 85. — Skopin 1962: 258–260, 280 (larvae). — Medvedev 1965a: 359; 1990: 122; 1992: 624, 633. — Ren & Yu 1999: 67–68. — Ren & Dong 2001: 296–297, 300. — Abdurakhmanov & Nabozhenko 2011: 39, 81, 83.

Homopsis – Semenov-Tjan-Shansky 1907: 178. — Schuster 1935: 27. — Kühnelt 1957: 85. — Ren & Dong 2001: 297. Syn. nov.

Type species

Tenebrio leucographa Pallas, 1781 (= Tenebrio leucogramma Pallas, 1781 ), by monotypy.

Species included

Platyope altaiensis Ren & Wang, 1993 , P. bairinana Ren & Dong, 2001 , P. balteiformis Ren & Wang, 1993 , P. granulata Fischer von Waldheim, 1820 , Platyope grumi ( Semenov, 1893) comb. nov., P. korgasica Wu & Huang, 2005 , P. korlaensis Fan & Huang, 2005 , P. leucogramma (Pallas, 1781) , P. mongolica Faldermann, 1835 , P. ordossica Semenov-Tjan-Shansky, 1907, P. pointi Schuster & Reymond, 1937 , P. proctoleuca chinensis Kaszab, 1962 , P. proctoleuca proctoleuca Fischer von Waldheim, 1820 , P. qitaiensis Wu & Huang, 2005 , P. trichophora Ren & Dong, 2001 , P. unicolor Zubkov, 1829 , P. victor Schuster & Reymond, 1937 . Species below are listed from the west (Europe) to the east ( Mongolia, China) distribution.

Diagnosis

Body black, elongate-oval ( Figs 4E–F View Fig , 5G–I View Fig , 6 View Fig ), weakly flattened dorsally, densely covered with recumbent grey, yellowish, cream or white setae; elytra often with striped or mixed spotted and striped pattern partly or completely. Sometimes ( P. ordossica ) body dorsally glabrous ( Fig. 6B View Fig ). Body completely or partly granulated, each granule with spine or strong seta. Body length 9–15 mm. Eyes circular, very weakly convex in dorsal view; surface behind eyes partly concealed by anterior margin of pronotum.

Pronotum transverse (1.7–2.3× as wide as long) ( Figs 4E–F View Fig , 5G–I View Fig , 6 View Fig , 12C View Fig , 13A View Fig ), usually widest before middle, covered by coarse, moderate ( Fig. 12C–D View Fig ) or large ( Fig. 13A–B View Fig ) semispherical tubercles. Anterolateral angles from weakly ( P. leucogramma ) ( Fig. 4E–F View Fig ) to strongly ( P. grumi ) ( Fig. 5G–H View Fig ) projecting. Disc of pronotum distinctly and deeply ( Figs 4E View Fig , 5G, I View Fig , 6A View Fig ) or weakly ( Fig. 6B View Fig ) depressed in middle, or pronotum without wide depression in middle ( P. granulata ) ( Fig. 5I View Fig ). Prosternum short before procoxae, with deep ( P. grumi ) or weak and wide triangular depression along anterior margin. Prosternal process not raised between procoxae ( Fig. 5A–C View Fig ), sometimes slightly protruding beyond procoxae ( P. grumi ) ( Fig. 5D–F View Fig ). Procoxal cavities externally open, postcoxal bridge discontinuous in middle ( Fig. 25A View Fig ).

Scutellar shield not concealed by pronotum, triangular or rounded, elytra цШер triangular or oval impression around scutellar shield. Elytral humeral ribs consist of two or three confused rows of conical large ( Figs 4E View Fig , 5G View Fig , 6A View Fig , 13C View Fig ), small ( P. granulata ) ( Fig. 5I View Fig ) or combined ( Fig. 6B View Fig ) tubercles. Dorsal surface of elytra with several longitudinal rows of granules, sometimes granules located on slightly elevated ribs ( P. granulata , P. grumi ) ( Fig. 5G, I View Fig ), which connected by short transverse elevations. Therefore, a spotted pattern of dense setae in depressions between elevations is formed ( Figs 12E–F View Fig , 13C–D View Fig ).

Intercoxal process of the first abdominal ventrite 1.2–1.3 × wider than one metacoxa ( Figs 4F View Fig , 5H View Fig ).

Protibia wide and flattened, triangular, without projecting process at apex of outer margin, with strong teeth on outer margin ( Figs 26H View Fig , 28D–E View Fig ). Maximal length of teeth much shorter than maximal width of protibia. Teeth spinose or not, often spines abraded. Meso- and often metatibiae curved outward, with conical, coarse granules bearing spines and dense or sparse, long setae. Protibial terminal spurs moderately elongated, extending to protarsomere 4, subequal; longest mesotibial terminal spurs extending to or slightly not extending to apex of mesotarsomere 1; longest metatibial terminal spur not extending to apex of metatarsomere 1. Tarsal claws comparatively (compared to other genera) short, weakly curved outward.

Male genitalia ( Figs 20A–H View Fig , 21A–I View Fig )

Inner sternite VIII ( Figs 20H View Fig , 21I View Fig ) widely sclerotized on margins, V-shaped emarginated medially, densely pubescent; gland moderately long, sclerotized in apical third.

Spiculum gastrale ( Figs 20F–G View Fig , 21G–H View Fig ) arcuately connected at apex, slightly curved in lateral view; derivatives of inner sternite IX large, weakly oval, unevenly sclerotized, with membranous C-shaped area along outer margins; apical margins of these derivatives pubescent with long sparse setae.

Tegmen of aedeagus long and slender ( Figs 20A–C View Fig , 21A–C View Fig ), basal piece more or less longer than apical piece. Apical piece bare, weakly curved, fusiform, acutely angulate at apex; ventral apophyses presented, short; dorsal apophyses long, triangular, not merged. Basal piece slightly wider than apical piece. Median lobe with baculi not distinct, bifurcate or narrowly rounded apex and sub-acutely angulate base ( Figs 20D–E View Fig , 21D–F View Fig ).

Female genitalia

Spiculum ventrale ( Figs 20I View Fig , 21J View Fig ) long, with long common stem. Inner sternite VIII can be with long or short acutely angulate apophyses.

Ovipositor long, moderately sclerotized ( Figs 20J–L View Fig , 21K–M View Fig ). Coxite with not merged lobes. Baculi of lobe I transverse, narrow, strongly sclerotized only near middle of ovipositor; pair of lobe I forms cruciform sclerotization area ventrally together with median sclerotization of vulva; lobes I and II membranous; lobe III widely sclerotized; apical lobes fossorial, strongly sclerotized, flattened, subacutely angulate or widely rounded at apex. Coxite laterally and on inner side of apical lobe densely covered with very long setae.Apical margin of proctiger narrowly or densely rounded. Paraproct basally, proctiger and coxite densely pubescent with long setae.

Female genital ducts ( Fig. 23F–G View Fig ) Vagina strongly widened, sacciform, sometimes with poorly expressed bursa copulatrix, sometimes in apical third elastically turned back. Spermatheca short, single-tube ( Fig. 23F View Fig ) or with thick basal tube with tuft of small tubes at apex ( P. grumi ) ( Fig. 23G View Fig ). Accessory gland of spermatheca elongate, shortly constricted at base and with narrow basal duct, sacciform after this duct.

Notes

The genus Homopsis was described by Semenov (1893) based on the structure of the prosternal process, which is slightly raised and slightly protruding beyond the posterior margin of procoxae, in contrast with Platyope , which has the vertically rounded prosternal process, not raised in ventral aspect and not protruding beyond procoxae. Semenov (1893) placed Homopsis and Mantichorula in one couplet, as genera having protruding and raised prosternal process, in contrast to other genera of ‘Platyopidae’. In our opinion, the prosternal process in the latter genera is strongly different from each other. Mantichorula has a process that is strongly protruding, extending to mesoventrite and horizontally (in lateral view) flattened, while Homopsis has only a slightly protruding, angularly rounded prosternal process. Homopsis is very similar to Platyope and differs only by some species-rank characters, including the prosternal process, the structure of the pronotum, the elytra, the male and female genitalia (especially the ovipositors are similar). On the other hand, a single species of Homopsis has peculiarities in the structure of the female genital ducts: vagina elastically V-curved and spermatheca multi-tubed at the apex. However, the main congeneric character of Platyope and Homopsis is externally open procoxal cavities (postcoxal bridge is discontinuous in the middle). As a result, the following synonymy is proposed: Platyope Fischer von Waldheim, 1820 = Homopsis Semenov, 1893 syn. nov. Consequently, the following combination is proposed: Platyope grumi Semenov, 1893 comb. nov. (from Homopsis ).