Aleuromarginatus Corbett,1935

Dubey, Anil Kumar & Brown, Paul A., 2022, Six new species of Aleuromarginatus Corbett, 1935 and Paramarginatus sarawakensis Dubey gen. and sp. nov. (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) from Southeast Asia, Journal of Natural History 55 (41 - 42), pp. 2605-2649 : 2606-2611

Genus Aleuromarginatus Corbett,1935

Type species

Aleuromarginatus tephrosiae Corbett, 1935, p. 246 –247, by monotypy.

Diagnosis

In life, puparium usually found along the mid-vein or side veins on the underside of leaves and with a fringe of wax around the margin; elongate, oblong or elongate rectangular, slightly indented at anterior and posterior ends and at thoracic tracheal pore opening areas. Cuticle colour variable. Margin crenulate, teeth with swollen/glandular bases. Submargin with a row of papillae, submarginal papillae overlapping true marginal crenulations, and often difficult to resolve, often referred to as ‘a double row of teeth’ ( Corbett 1935; Ko et al. 1995). Thoracic and caudal tracheal pore opening areas modified with slightly reduced size of teeth. Longitudinal and transverse moulting sutures reaching margin. Dorsal disc with 21 pairs (11 cephalothoracic + 10 abdominal) of usually hook-shaped setae. Vasiform orifice subcordate to subcircular, not elevated; operculum transversely trapezoidal, covering anterior half of the vasiform orifice, lingula exposed, knobbed, not reaching beyond posterior margin of the orifice. Ventrally, lateral margin almost straight, legs not curved or C-shaped; antennae bases lateral to prothoracic legs, extending to outside of prothoracic legs. Apical pads on legs present or absent.

Distribution

Australia ( Carver and Reid 1996; Martin 1999); India ( David and Subramaniam 1976); China ( Wang et al. 2017); Taiwan ( Ko et al. 1995); Chad ( Cohic 1968); Malaysia ( Corbett 1935); Sulawesi (new record).

Remarks

The genus is reported for the first time from Sulawesi. In life, puparia of Aleuromarginatus and Corbettia have a fringe of wax around the body, but Corbettia differs from Aleuromarginatus in having a smooth or smoothly crenulate margin and 15 pairs (8 cephalothoracic + 7 abdominal pairs) of submarginal/subdorsal setae (excluding caudal pair), and in the bifurcation of the lateral longitudinal row of tubercles posteriorly.

Key to puparia of the Aleuromarginatus species of the world

1. Cuticle entirely black or with dark patterning; the inner posterior margin of vasiform orifice smooth, or if ridged, then submedian wax glands present on abdomen; eye spots generally absent ....................................................................................................................... 2

–. Cuticle pale, pale greenish, light yellow, brownish yellow, white, creamy white or translucent white; the inner posterior margin of vasiform orifice with ridges; eye spots always absent ........................................................................................................................................ 7

2. Margin crenulate; lateral longitudinal wax glands’ patches absent on abdomen; promesothoracic suture broad without transverse ridges.......................................................... 3

–. Margin smooth, lateral longitudinal wax glands’ patches present on abdomen ( Figure 6 ),c); pro-mesothoracic suture broad with transverse ridges ............... A. glandulis Dubey sp. nov.

3. Cuticle entirely black. Setae of outer row (except the anterior and posterior pairs) much closer to margin than to median line ( Figure 9 ), Figure 15 (a)). Eighth abdominal setae cephalolateral to vasiform orifice ( Figure 10 ), Figure 16 (g)) ................................... 4

–. Cuticle dark on the dorsal disc only. Outer row of setae much closer to median line than to margin. Eighth abdominal setae mediolateral to vasiform orifice ..................... ......................................................................................................................... A. nemciae Martin, 1999

4. Puparium broadly elongate oval, less than twice longer than wide; transverse pigmentation present on dorsum; lateral longitudinal furrows present; eye spots, if present, located on the lateral longitudinal furrows.............................................................. 5

–. Puparium oval or rectangular, twice longer than wide; transverse pigmentation lacking on dorsum; lateral longitudinal furrows absent; eye spots, if present, not located on the lateral longitudinal furrows................................................................................ 6

5. Transverse pigmentation absent on pro- to metathorax, abdominal segments III–VI and anterior and posterior area ( Figure 16 )); lateral longitudinal furrows absent; eye spots absent................................................... A. sulawesiensis Dubey sp. nov. Figure 10 (g)

––. Transverse pigmentation present on pro- to metathorax, abdominal segment III–VI and anterior and posterior area ( Figure 10 (g)); lateral longitudinal furrows present; eye spots present on lateral longitudinal furrows ( Figure 10 (g)) ............. A. martini Dubey sp. nov.

6. Pupal outline rectangular; subdorsum smooth; submargin with transverse scallops. Eye spots absent ............................................................................ A. marginiquus Martin, 1999

–. Pupal outline ovoid; subdorsum densely reticulate; submargin without scallops. Circular eye spots present lateral to cephalic pair of setae........ A. nigrus Martin, 1999

7. Subdorsum/submargin with small, usually hook-shaped setae, not reaching beyond margin; caudal setae smaller than the vasiform orifice ........................................................ 8

–. Subdorsum/submargin with five pairs of exceptionally long setae, reaching beyond pupal margin ( Figure 1 ), Figure 2 (a)); caudal setae longer than the vasiform orifice........................................................................................................ A. asymmatricis Dubey sp. nov.

8. Anterior marginal setae present .................................................................................................... 9

–. Anterior marginal setae absent .................................................................................................... 12

9. Body broadly oval; longitudinal moulting suture reaching the margin; submedian pair of setae present; vasiform orifice with a comb of teeth .................................................... 10

–. Body almost rectangular; longitudinal moulting suture not reaching the margin; submedian pair of setae absent on meso-, metathorax and on abdominal segments I–VI; vasiform orifice without a comb of teeth ........... A. serdangensis Takahashi, 1955

10. Dorsal surface not studded with small circular papillae .................................................... 11

–. The whole of the dorsal surface studded with small rounded tubercles ............... .............................................................................................................. A. bauhiniae Corbett, 1935

11. Puparium light yellow; 24–27 crenulations in 0.1 mm; paired row of subdorsal papillae present; 19 pairs of dorsal setae .......................................... A. thrumurthiensis David, 1988

–. Puparium transparent white; 21 crenulations in 0.1 mm; paired row of subdorsal papillae absent; 21 pairs of dorsal setae ..... A. kalakkadensis P.M.M. David and B.V. David, 2007

12. Posterior margin of vasiform orifice notched ........................................................................ 13

–. Posterior margin of vasiform orifice not notched ................................................................. 14

13. Transverse moulting suture terminating at subdorsum; tubercles on subdorsum randomly distributed, varying in size; a pair of longitudinal subdorsal ridges present ......................................................................................................... A. moundi Martin, 1999

–. Transverse moulting suture reaching margin, merging with small submarginal lines; tubercles on subdorsum arranged in transverse rows, almost uniform sized; paired longitudinal subdorsal ridges absent ............................................ A. millettiae Cohic, 1968

14. Lateral longitudinal furrows or rows of tubercles present on submedian area ....... 15

–. Lateral longitudinal furrows or rows of tubercles absent on submedian area .............. ...................................................................................................................... A. tephrosiae Corbett, 1935

15. Puparium elongate or elliptical, length less than three times the width ................... 16

–. Puparium narrowly elongate, more than three times longer than the width; prominent circular eye spots present on the prothorax ............................................................................... ......................................................................................................................... A. shihmenensis Ko, 1995

16. Puparium elongate; dorsal surface with fewer than 22 pairs of dorsal setae ........... 17

–. Puparium elliptical; dorsal surface with 22 pair (11 pairs each on cephalothorax and abdomen) of dorsal setae ..... ........................................................... A. dielsianae Wang and Xu, 2017

17. Paired lateral longitudinal furrows on submedian area made up of tubercles ....... 18

–. Paired lateral longitudinal furrows on submedian area not made up of tubercles, smooth ........................................................................................................................................................... 20

18. Vasiform orifice circular or subcircular; lingula concealed; elongate oval fold absent at base of each marginal tooth; a row of subcircular papillae/tubercles absent along the bases of marginal teeth .................................................................................................................. 19

–. Vasiform orifice longer than wide, apically narrow; lateral margin almost straight, inner margin with coarse teeth; lingula exposed; elongate oval fold present at base of each marginal tooth; a row of subcircular papillae/tubercles present along the bases of marginal teeth; caudal furrow marked by differentiated minute tubercles ........................ ................................................................................................................... A. corbettiaformis Martin, 1985

19. Vasiform orifice inner margin smooth ( Figure 4 )); operculum completely filling the orifice; submedian tubercles extending towards subdorsum on abdominal segments V and VI ........................................................................................................ A. frim Dubey sp. nov.

–. Vasiform orifice inner margin with prominent teeth ( Figure 14 )); operculum leaving posterior half of orifice exposed; submedian tubercles not extending towards subdorsum on abdominal segments V and VI ( Figure 14 )) ....................................................................... ................................................................................................................................ A. similis Dubey sp. nov.

20. Third abdominal setae always submedian in position .............. A. frim Dubey sp. nov.

–. Third abdominal setae or the left-side seta alone transpositioned on subdorsum while the right-side seta submedian in position .............................................................. .............................................. A. pseudokallarensis P.M.M. David and B.V. David, 2007

21. A pair of minute setae absent on submedian area of abdominal segment VII, but present on segment VI on submedian area, placed in line of longitudinal row of setae on abdominal segments II–VI ....................................................................................................... 22

–. A pair of minute setae present on submedian area of abdominal segment VII, located outside, not in line with, the longitudinal row of setae on abdominal segments I, III– VI ................................................................................................................ A. dalbergiae Cohic, 1969

22. A pair of longitudinal suture-like folds present on submedian area of dorsal disc; vasiform orifice longer than wide (69 × 56 µm); lingula knob-like ........................................ ................................................................................ A. kallarensis David and Subramaniam, 1976

–. A pair of longitudinal suture-like folds absent on submedian area of dorsal disc; vasiform orifice longer than wide (65–90×55–75 µm); lingula rectangular .................... ............................................................................................................................ A. littoralis Martin, 1985

Figures

Figure 1. Aleuromarginatus asymmetricis Dubey sp. nov., holotype (a, c, d) and paratype (b) puparium, line drawings: (a) dorsal and ventral views; (b) abdominal depressions, setae; (c) posterior abdominal area, caudal setae; (d) legs and antenna.

Figure 2. Aleuromarginatus asymmetricis Dubey sp. nov., holotype (b, c, h) and paratype puparium (a, d–g) puparium: (a) dorsal view; (b) dorsal and ventral views; (c) margin, thoracic tracheal pore area; (d) cephalothorax; (e) abdominal segments, depressions, submedian setae; (f) posterior abdominal area, vasiform orifice; (g) caudal fold, ventral setae; (h) antenna, prothoracic leg.

Figure 4. Aleuromarginatus frim Dubey sp. nov., holotype puparium: (a) dorsal view; (b) abdominal segments, submedian setae; (c) cephalothorax, thoracic tracheal comb; (d) vasiform orifice.

Figure 6. Aleuromarginatus glandulis Dubey sp. nov., holotype puparium: (a) dorsal and ventral views; (b) cephalothorax, eye spots; (c) abdominal segments, wax glands; (d) thoracic tracheal comb; (e) vasiform orifice; (f) ventral fold, setae.

Figure 9. Aleuromarginatus martini Dubey sp.nov., holotype puparium:(a) dorsal view; (b) antenna; (c) abdominal segments I and II, submedian pores; (d) posterior abdominal area.

Figure 10. Aleuromarginatus martini Dubey sp. nov., holotype puparium, line drawings: (a) dorsal view; (b) margin; (c) abdominal segments, sutures; (d) eye spots on prothorax; (e) vasiform orifice, posterior abdominal setae; (f) eighth abdominal setae; (g) eye spot on lateral longitudinal line. Arrow – eye spot.

Figure 14. Aleuromarginatus similis Dubey sp. nov., holotype puparium: (a) dorsal view, tubercles, setae; (b) abdominal segments I–IV; (c) margin, submargin; (d) abdominal segments V–VIII; (e) posterior abdominal area; (f) vasiform orifice; (g) ventral setae; (h) antenna, female; (i) prothoracic leg, antenna, male.

Figure 15. Aleuromarginatus sulawesiensis Dubey sp. nov., holotype puparium, line drawings: (a) dorsal and ventral views; (b) margin; (c) abdominal segments, depressions, setae; (d) vasiform orifice; (e) legs and antenna. VS- ventral setae.

Figure 16. Aleuromarginatus sulawesiensis Dubey sp. nov., holotype puparium: (a) dorsal and ventral views; (b) cephalic margin; (c) thoracic tracheal pore area; (d) abdominal subdorsal area; (e) abdominal segments, depressions, submedian setae; (f) posterior abdominal area; (g) vasiform orifice.