Dasyhelea paulistana Forattini & Rabello, 1957

Diaz, Florentina, Torreias, Sharlene R. S., Spinelli, Gustavo R., Ronderos, María M. & Unlp, 2014, A new species of Dasyhelea from Brazilian Amazonas and the description of the male of D. paulistana (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae), Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 54 (2), pp. 715-728 : 722-727

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.5281/zenodo.5300381
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:FFD37B73-2DB4-4538-8BBE-323AA68B13C1
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F7B30F-FF86-3F44-820A-298FFC1DE04C
treatment provided by	Marcus
scientific name	Dasyhelea paulistana Forattini & Rabello, 1957
status

Treatment

Dasyhelea paulistana Forattini & Rabello, 1957 View in CoL

( Figs 33 View Figs 33–43 –62)

Dasyhelea paulistana Forattini & Rabello, 1957: 245 View in CoL (pupa, female, Brazil).

Dasyhelea paulistana: WIRTH (1974) View in CoL : 17 (catalog of species south of the USA); BORKENT & WIRTH (1997): 57 (World catalog); BORKENT & SPINELLI (2000): 25 (catalog of species south of the USA); BORKENT & SPINELLI (2007): 61 (Neotropical catalog); BORKENT (2014): 69 (online catalog).

Type material. HOLOTYPE: ♀ (with ‘ex pupa’), BRAZIL: ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO: ciudade de São Paulo, Parque da Agua Funda , 5.xi.1954, O. P. Forattini & E. X. Rabello lgt. ( MNRJ).

Additional material examined. BRAZIL: AMAZONAS: 3 JJ 2 ♀♀ (all ‘ex pupa’), Iranduba, Ilha da Marchantaria , 28.vi.2005, D. Carrasco-Ferreira-Keppler lgt. ( INPA) ; 2 JJ 2 ♀♀ (all with ‘ex pupa’), Lago Grande , 03°14މ43.9ފS 59°58މ54.2ފW, 17.v.2011, Torreias-Ferreira-Keppler lgt. ( INPA) . ARGENTINA: CORRIENTES: 1♀, arroyo Pay Ubre , 29º01މ41.2ފS, 58º10މ26.6ފW, 66 m, 12.iii.2010, G. Spinelli lgt., sweep net ( MLPA) ; 1J (with ‘ex pupa’), Bella Vista, ruta Prov. 27 Km 54, 28º34މ30.7ފS, 59º02މ11.5ފW, 16.ix.2010, F. Díaz lgt. ( MLPA) ; 1J 1♀, rio Batel , 28º17މ44.1ފS, 58º01މ51.2ފW, 78 m, 8í 9.xii.2010, G. Spinelli lgt., sweep net ( MLPA) ; 2 JJ 2 ♀♀ (all with ‘ex pupa’), Estación Biológica Corrientes , esterito, 27º32މ51.8ފS, 58º40މ44.8ފW, 52 m, 9.xi.2011, Díaz-Marino lgt. ( MPLA) ; 2 JJ 1 ♀ (all with ‘ex pupa’), same date except: 10.xi.2011 ( MPLA) .

Diagnosis. Only Neotropical species of the grisea species-group with the following combination of characters: adults with female subgenital plate ovoid, and males with elongate, sinuate paramere hooked at tip, and aedeagus with V-shaped basal arch. Pupa with respiratory organ thick at the base and distal half tapering to a sharp apex, with 21–22 apical pores, and terminal processes twice longer than length of body of segment 9.

Description. Male ( Figs 33–37 View Figs 33–43 , 53–56 View Figs 53–61 ). Similar to female with the usual sexual differences. Flagellum as in Fig. 33 View Figs 33–43 . Palpus ( Fig. 34 View Figs 33–43 ) with segment 3 bearing scattered sensilla on surface; PR 1.83–2.16 (2.00, n = 9). Scutellum with 6 strong setae. Thorax, legs as in Fig. 35 View Figs 33–43 . Wing ( Fig. 36 View Figs 33–43 ) length 0.90–1.20 (1.03, n = 8) mm, width 0.24–0.36 (0.32, n = 8) mm, CR 0.39–0.40 (0.39, n = 8). Genitalia ( Figs 37 View Figs 33–43 , 53 View Figs 53–61 ): tergite 9 slightly tapering distally, not extending to level of apex of gonocoxite; apicolateral process stout, rounded, with subapical seta; cercus very small with 3í4 small setae; sternite 9 ( Figs 37 View Figs 33–43 , 54 View Figs 53–61 ) 0.4× longer than greatest width, posteromedian margin convex, broadly rounded. Gonocoxite stout, 1.9× longer than greatest width, with elongate, heavily sclerotized anteromedian process; gonostylus 0.8× longer than gonocoxite, narrow at base, nearly straight, slightly curved distally, with spur-like tip. Paramere and gonocoxal apodemes forming an asymmetrical structure ( Figs 37 View Figs 33–43 , 55 View Figs 53–61 ); gonocoxal apodemes stout, one narrowly connected with paramere, other separate; paramere elongate, sinuate, with hooked tip. Aedeagus ( Figs 37 View Figs 33–43 , 56 View Figs 53–61 ) 0.8× longer than greatest width; with slender, heavily sclerotized, V-shaped basal arch, from which arises pair of stout posterior, rounded expansions, each with heavily sclerotized inner margin, these margins pointed subapically and joined anteromesally, forming a slender U-shaped arch, basal arch extending to 0.3 of total length.

Female ( Figs 38–43 View Figs 33–43 ). Head dark brown. Eyes contiguous by width of 1–2 ommatidia. Antenna with flagellum ( Fig. 38 View Figs 33–43 ) pale brown; AR 0.96–1.03 (1.00, n = 6). Frontal sclerite subspherical with posteromesal slender projection ( Fig. 39 View Figs 33–43 ). Clypeus ( Fig. 40 View Figs 33–43 ) with 3 pairs of setae. Palpus ( Fig. 41 View Figs 33–43 ) pale brown; segment 3 with 6–7 subbasal capitate sensilla on anterior inner margin, PR 1.70–2.00 (1.78, n = 8).

Thorax. Scutum dark brown, scutellum pale with 6 strong setae. Legs pale brown; femora with mesal broad slightly infuscated band, knees dark, apex of hind tibia with 6 spines; foreleg TR 2.17–2.79 (2.35, n = 9), midleg TR 2.20–2.59 (2.41, n = 8), hind leg TR 2.16–2.50 (2.38, n = 8). Wing ( Fig. 42 View Figs 33–43 ), length 0.75–0.93 (0.85, n = 8) mm, width 0.33–0.45 (0.37, n = 8) mm, CR 0.39–0.46 (0.42, n = 8); membrane hyaline, densely covered macrotrichia; cubital fork at same level of the second radial cell. Halter pale brown.

Abdomen. Dark brown. Subgenital plate ovoid, as in Fig. 43 View Figs 33–43 ; posterolateral arms slender, angulate. Spermatheca rounded ( Fig. 43 View Figs 33–43 ) strongly pigmented, diameter 48 µm, neck oblique, stout, measuring 12 µm.

Female pupa ( Figs 44–48, 51 View Figs 44–52 ). Total length 2.12–2.46 (2.32, n = 6) mm. General coloration of exuvia pale brown. Dorsal apotome ( Fig. 45 View Figs 44–52 ) 2.11× broader than long, surface smooth with wrinkles on its margins, anterior margin concave, posterior margin rounded with subapical rounded tubercle; dorsal apotome sensilla ( Fig. 45 View Figs 44–52 ), one short, thin seta, other campaniform sensillum; DAL 0.096 –0.120 (0.10, n = 6) mm; DAW 0.216 –0.240 (0.228, n = 6) mm; OW/OL 2.00–2.50 (2.29, n = 6). Cephalothorax surface smooth, length 0.780 –0.960 (0.860, n = 8) mm, width 0.570 –0.650 (0.60, n = 9) mm. Cephalothoracic sensilla as follows: two dorsolateral cephalic sclerite sensilla ( Figs 46 View Figs 44–52 , 57 View Figs 53–61 ), one short seta, one campaniform sensillum; three anterolateral sensilla ( Figs 46 View Figs 44–52 , 57 View Figs 53–61 ), one medium-sized, thin, hyaline seta, one short seta, one peg; two anteromedial sensilla ( Figs 46 View Figs 44–52 , 57 View Figs 53–61 ), one long, thin seta, other short seta; dorsals ( Figs 47 View Figs 44–52 , 58 View Figs 53–61 ): D-1-T, D-2-T, D-4-T absent, D-3-T short, thin seta, D-5-T campaniform sensillum, supraalar (SA-2-T) campaniform sensillum. Respiratory organ ( Figs 44, 48 View Figs 44–52 ) pale brown, thick at base, distal half tapering to a sharp apex, 3.7× longer than broad, surface smooth, with 21–22 apical pores; RO 0.132 –0.160 (0.152, n = 8) mm, RO width 0.036 –0.048 (0.038, n = 8) mm; pedicel ( Fig. 48 View Figs 44–52 ) yellowish, smooth, pedicel length 0.020 –0.024 (0.023, n = 9) mm, P/RO 0.090 –0.166 (0.148, n = 8). Two clypeal/labral sensilla, CL-1-H one long, thin seta, CL-2-H short seta ( Fig. 59 View Figs 53–61 ); two ocular sensilla, O-1-H medium-sized, thin seta, O-2-H campaniform sensillum ( Fig. 59 View Figs 53–61 ). Abdominal segments covered with very small spinules. Abdominal segment 1 ( Fig. 60 View Figs 53–61 ) with sensilla as follows: D-2-I peg; D-4-I, D-7-I, D-8-I campaniform sensilla; 3 lateral sensilla, L-1-I medium-sized seta, L-2-I, L-3-I short, thin setae. Second abdominal segment similar to ¿rst. Segment 4 with sensilla pattern ( Fig. 61 View Figs 53–61 ) as follows: D-2-IV peg; D-4-IV, D7-IV campaniform sensilla, D-8-IV medium-sized, thin seta, all located on flattened tubercles; L-1-IV, L-3-IV medium-sized, thin setae, L-2-IV, L-4-IV campaniform sensilla, all located on triangular tubercles; two ventral sensilla, V-5-IV medium-sized, thin seta, V-6-IV short, thin seta, both located on flattened tubercles. Segment 9 ( Figs 44, 51 View Figs 44–52 ) 2.75× longer than width, ventral surface with many spinules; length 0.40–0.43 (0.41, n = 9) mm, width 0.14–0.19 (0.16, n = 9) mm. Terminal process ( Fig. 51 View Figs 44–52 ) straight, 2× longer than length of body of segment 9, tip pointed, base wide with two setae, one long, thin, hyaline seta on small rounded base, other medium-sized, stout seta on rounded tubercle; length 0.23–0.28 (0.25, n = 9) mm.

Male pupa ( Figs 49–50, 52 View Figs 44–52 ). Similar to female with sexual differences: Total length 2.05–2.61 (2.41, n = 4) mm. Exuviae pale brown. Dorsal apotome with DAL 0.11–0.13 (0.12, n = 6) mm; DAW 0.24–0.27 (0.25, n = 6) mm, OW/OL 1.82–2.20 (2.02, n = 6). Respiratory organ, RO length 0.16–0.19 (0.17, n = 7) mm, RO width 0.04 (n = 7) mm; pedicel length 0.024 (n = 8) mm, P/RO 0.12–0.15 (0.13, n = 7). Cephalothorax length 0.93–1.23 (1.02, n = 7) mm, width 0.66–0.75 (0.68, n = 7) mm. Clypeal/labral sensilla and oculars as in Fig. 49 View Figs 44–52 . Segment 1 as in Fig. 50 View Figs 44–52 . Segment 9 ( Fig. 52 View Figs 44–52 ) length 0.41–0.47 (0.44, n = 8) mm, width 0.14–0.22 (0.20, n = 8) mm; terminal process ( Fig. 51 View Figs 44–52 ) length 0.23–0.30 (0.27, n = 8) mm.

Distribution. Brazil (São Paulo, Amazonas), Argentina (Misiones, Corrientes).

Discussion. Dasyhelea paulistana perfectly ¿ts in the grisea species-group as it was de¿ned by WAUGH & WIRTH (1976), and is very similar to the Nearctic species D. chani Wirth & Linley, 1990 . However, the latter species can be distinguished from D. paulistana by the male with sternite 9 exhibiting a concave posteromedian projection, paramere with a subapical tuft of setae and the basal arch of aedeagus with caudomedian expansions from which arises a slender, bi¿d, wing-like plate. The female differs in the rectangular subgenital plate with anterior margin concave and in the spermatheca with oblique neck. Finally, the pupal respiratory organ is amber in colour, with a hyaline tip and bearing 16 pores.