Clinterocera ishikawai ( Kurosawa, 1973 )

Xu, Hao, Qiu, Jian-Yue & Huang, Guo-Hua, 2018, Taxonomy and natural history of the myrmecophilous genus Clinterocera Motschulsky, 1858 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Cetoniinae) from China and adjacent regions: revision of the C. jucunda species group, Zootaxa 4531 (3), pp. 301-352 : 318-319

Clinterocera ishikawai ( Kurosawa, 1973)

( Figs. 101–103 , 130–131 , 145 , 180 )

Callinomes ishikawai Kurosawa, 1973: 111 (type locality: Iriomote-jima Island, Ryukyu, Japan), figs. 1– 2 ♀ (holotype); Kurosawa 1985: 418, plate 76, fig. 9.

Clinterocera ishikawai (Kurosawa) : Sakai & Nagai 1998: 160, plate 4, figs. 81- 1 ♂, 81- 2 ♀; Krajčík 1999: 40; Fujioka 2001: 125; Smetana 2006: 299; Sakai & Fujioka 2007: 143, figs. 1– 15 ♂ & ♀ (parameres); Krajčík 2012a: 74; Sakai 2012: 319, plate 65, figs. 65- 3 ♂, 65- 4 ♀; Maruyama et al. 2013: 41, fig. [unnumbered] ♀; Bezděk 2016: 390.

Differential diagnosis. Ventral surface black, dorsal surface almost orange-red except the juxtascutellar marking black ( Fig. 130 ). The unique body coloration readily distinguishes this species from all others in the genus.

Description. General: Body length 16.8–18.0 mm; width 7.0–7.5 mm. Body black, dorsal surface largely orange-red. Body surface almost without tomentum, with numerous setiferous punctures; setae yellow, stubble like, short. ( Fig. 130 ). Head: Orange-red, but area around eyes black. Clypeus apical margin raised, frons evenly convex; surface with sparse, fine, setiferous punctures; punctures elliptic behind clypeal apex, rounded in frons. Antennal scapus strongly expanded, subflabellate; exterior surface tomentous, with dense, minute punctures; interior surface with many setiferous punctures in margins, setae slender. Mouthparts: Prementum black, or dark red; extremely expanded, scutellate; exterior surface matt, with dense, semicircular, setiferous punctures ( Fig. 131 ). Pronotum: Red, but a pair of dark spots near lateral margins. Nearly rounded hexagonal; margins slightly raised; anterior margin almost straight, slightly convex in medial in dorsal view; disc with sparse, minute, rounded, arcuate-striolate, setiferous punctures. Scutellum: Subtriangular, margins black, disc red. Surface with sparse, fine, rounded, arcuate-striolate, setiferous punctures. Elytra: Subrectangular; disc largely orange-red, juxtascutellar area and distal declivity black. Surface with sparse, fine, arcuate-striolae, setiferous punctures, denser in elytral declivity. Lateral tomentous spots small or absent ( Fig. 145 ). Metepisternum and metepimeron: Metepisternum without tomentum; metepimeron tomentous. Surface with dense, arcuate-striolate, setiferous punctures. Sternum: Preprosternal apophysis robust, slightly reflexed, with cluster of long setae on the apex. Metasternum surface with dense, arcuate-striolate, setiferous punctures in lateral portion; punctures rounded in middle portion. Abdomen: Shallow, longitudinal groove between male abdominal sternites III–V, female abdomen convex ( Fig. 131 ). Abdominal sternites surface with dense, fine, arcuate-striolate, setiferous punctures, and sparse, fine, annulatestriolate, setiferous punctures. Propygidium surface tomentous, with dense, setiferous punctures; terminal spiracla distinctly protruding. Pygidium: Distinctly convex, distal portion dark red. Surface heavily tomentous, with fine, round, setiferous punctures. Legs: Surface with dense, fine, sinuous striolae and arcuate, setiferous punctures. Tibiae slender. Protibia with a small, external denticle in apical portion; an indistinct protrusion near middle of outer margin, protrusion distinct in female; apical tooth of inferior ridge of male protibia elongate, tapering, curved downwards ( Fig. 145 ), this tooth short and indistinct in female. Mesotibia and metatibia with an indistinct protrusion near middle of outer margin; three distinct, acute protrusions in distal portion; two spurs slender, tapering. Coxa, trochanter, anterior side of profemora, posterior side of mesofemora and metafemora with tomentum ( Fig. 131 ). Tarsi with 4 tarsomeres, slender. Propretarsi short, acute. Parameres: Elongate, outer margins nearly parallel, distal portion slightly expanded, apex obtuse in apical view; interparameral split constricted.

Variation. Characters are stable, but lateral tomentous spots of few individuals are absent ( Fig. 130 ).

Type material. The holotype is labeled: Is. Iriomote / Shirahama / V.22.1973 / R. Ishikawa [white label] // HOLOTYPE / Callinomes ishikawai / Y. Kurosawa 1973 [red label] (female, NSMT, Figs. 101–103 ). The paratype is labeled: Aria, Iriomote-jima Island [in Japanese] / 30.VIII.1971 / S. Yamauchi [handwritten on white label] // PARATYPE [printed on white label] // Callinomes / ishikawai / Y. Kurosawa, 1973 / det. Y. Kurosawa, 1973 [handwritten on white label] // RUMF-ZI-18039 [printed on white label] // PARATYPE [printed on blue label] (male, RUMF, Figs. 130–131 , 145 ). The male paratype was misidentified as female by Kurosawa (1973).

Other material examined (1♀). JAPAN: 1♀ ( NSMT), Sonai, Iriomote , Okinawa, 13. IV. 1978, E. Nishida .

Distribution. Japan (Iriomote Island).

Natural history. Adults are found in April to August, most of them were captured in May ( Kurosawa 1973; Sakai & Nagai 1998; Sakai & Fujioka 2007; Maruyama et al. 2013).

Remarks. This remarkable species is endemic to the Iriomote Island where located in the southernmost point of Ryukyu and closed to Taiwan. Detailed morphological characters of Clinterocera ishikawai were illustrated in Sakai & Fujioka (2007), including the parameres.

Figures

FIGURE 180. Known distribution of the Clinterocera jucunda species group (inset map shows the distribution of C. heinrichi). Some records and collecting sites are not shown because there is no precise geographical information.

FIGURES 98–111. FIGURES 98–106. Type specimens of Clinterocera. 98–100, Clinterocera yunnana, male syntype and labels (photograph by Jan Krikken); 101–103, C. ishikawai, female holotype (greasy) and labels (photograph by Shan-Shan Liu); 104–106, C. raui, female holotype and labels (photograph by Antoine Mantilleri). FIGURES 107–111. Female habitus of Clinterocera bicolor. Arrow indicates a patch of tomentum near the anteapical umbone of the left elytron.

FIGURES 112–135. Male habitus of Clinterocera (typical form), dorsal and ventral view. 112–113, Clinterocera brevifasciata new species (holotype); 114–115, C. davidis (Fujian, China); 116–117, C. donckieri (Guizhou, China); 118–119, C. jucunda (Chiang Rai, Thailand); 120–121, C. krikkeni new species (holotype); 122–123, C. nigra (Taiwan); 124–125, C. velutina new species (holotype); 126–127, C. vietnamensis new species (holotype); 128–129, C. yunnana (Yunnan, China); 130–131, C. ishikawai (paratype); 132–133, C. raui (Hua Phan, Laos); 134–135, C. sinensis new species (holotype).

FIGURES 136–147. Male habitus of Clinterocera (typical form), oblique view. 136, Clinterocera brevifasciata new species (holotype); 137, C. davidis (Fujian, China); 138, C. donckieri (Guizhou, China); 139, C. jucunda (Chiang Rai, Thailand); 140, C. krikkeni new species (holotype); 141, C. nigra (Taiwan); 142, C. velutina new species (holotype); 143, C. vietnamensis new species (holotype); 144, C. yunnana (Yunnan, China); 145, C. ishikawai (Ryukyu, Japan, paratype); 146, C. raui (Hua Phan, Laos); 147, C. sinensis new species (holotype).