Clinterocera jucunda (Westwood, 1873)

Xu, Hao, Qiu, Jian-Yue & Huang, Guo-Hua, 2018, Taxonomy and natural history of the myrmecophilous genus Clinterocera Motschulsky, 1858 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Cetoniinae) from China and adjacent regions: revision of the C. jucunda species group, Zootaxa 4531 (3), pp. 301-352 : 304-305

Clinterocera jucunda species group

Diagnosis. The members of this species group are characterized by elytra flat, without costae; propygidial spiracle distinctly produced; pygidial surface heavily punctate; body surface covered with distinct tomentum in most species; dorsal surface matt, with numerous setiferous punctures.

Characterization of the Clinterocera jucunda species group (male). General: Body size small to middle (length 14.3–27.0 mm, width 5.7–10.0 mm). Body surface with dense or sparse, setiferous punctures; setae yellow, short or slender. Dorsal surface usually in orange, orange-red, red, and black; ventral surface black (except metasternum of C. bicolor dark red). Body surface of most species covered with more-or-less golden, khaki, or ashy tomentum; tomentum dull or light colored. Head: Clypeus apical margin raised, frons evenly convex; surface without tomentum or tomentous, with dense or sparse, fine, setiferous punctures; punctures elliptic behind clypeal apex, rounded in frons; setae yellow, short, stubble like. Antenna similar in all species. Antennal scapus strongly expanded, subflabellate; exterior surface tomentous with dense, minute, setiferous punctures; interior surface with many setiferous punctures in margins, setae yellow, slender. Mouthparts (similar in all species): Epipharynx rectangular, brown; lateral bristle crest brown, long ( Fig. 2 ). Mandibles with a cluster of brown, long setae in inner surface; outer surface with sparse, short setae ( Fig. 3 ). Maxillae strongly sclerotized, with several slender, long or short setae; galea curved, elongate, tapering; lacinia knife like; apical portion of cardo with dense, short setae; maxillary palpi dark brown, elongate ( Fig. 4 ). Prementum extremely expanded, scutellate; exterior surface matt, or tomentous with dense, semicircular, setiferous punctures; posterior margin of interior surface with sparse, yellow, long setae ( Fig. 5 ). Gula almost invisible, narrow, clad with sparse, brown, long setae on both sides. Pronotum: Subcircular, margins slightly raised; anterior margin almost straight, slightly convex in medial in dorsal view; disc with abundant to dense, minute, rounded, arcuate-striolate, setiferous punctures; setae yellow, short. Surface lightly, or heavily tomentous, lateral portion with or without a tomentous band. Scutellum: Subtriangular or nearly rounded hexagonal, tomentous. Surface with sparse, fine, arcuate-striolate, setiferous punctures; setae yellow, short. Elytra: Subrectangular; disc largely orange-red, or totally black; juxtascutellar area and elytral declivity black. Surface with abundant to sparse, fine, arcuate-striolae, setiferous punctures, denser in elytral declivity; setae yellow, short. Disc covered with tomentum, or without tomentum; elytral declivity with or without tomentous band; posthumeral portion and the middle of elytral declivity with or without tomentous spot. Metepisternum and metepimeron: More-or-less clad with tomentum in most of species; surface with dense, arcuate-striolate, setiferous punctures. Sternum: Preprosternal apophysis robust, slightly reflexed, with cluster of long setae on the apex. Mesometasternal process absent. Metasternum without tomentum, or with sparse tomentum; surface with dense, arcuate-striolate, setiferous punctures; punctures less dense in middle portion; disc flat. Abdomen: Shallow, longitudinal groove between abdominal sternites III–V. Abdominal sternites surface with dense, fine, arcuatestriolate, setiferous punctures; and sparse, fine, annulate-striolate, setiferous punctures. Surface with or without tomentum, sometimes only in posterior margin of some sternites. Propygidium surface punctate, heavily tomentous; terminal spiracla distinctly protruding. Pygidium: Distinctly convex. Surface with fine, round punctures; usually covered with tomentum. Legs: Mesocoxa almost touching. Surface with dense, fine, sinuous striolae and arcuate, setiferous punctures; setae yellow, short or slender. Tibiae usually slender, but thick in some species. Protibia with a small, external denticle in apical portion; a blunt protrusion near middle of outer margin; an apical tooth of inferior ridge elongate or short, tapering or blunt, curved downwards ( Figs. 28–38 ). Mesotibia and metatibia with a small, acute protrusion near middle of outer margin; three distinct, acute protrusions in distal portion; two spurs thick or slender, acute or blunt ( Figs. 39–61 ). Coxa, trochanter, anterior side of profemora, posterior side of mesofemora and metafemora, dorsal side of tibiae with sparse tomentum. Tarsi with 4 tarsomeres, slender or thick. Propretarsi short, acute. Parameres: Form simple, elongate, apex obtuse in apical view, interparameral split widened, or constricted; apex sharp in lateral view ( Figs. 62–83 ).

Sexual dimorphism. Female similar to male, but abdominal sternites convex; terminal abdominal sternite wider; pygidium more convex; blunt protrusion near middle of outer margin of protibia larger; the apical tooth of inferior ridge short and extended distad; tarsi somewhat shorter ( Figs. 39–61 ).

Distribution. Oriental Region.

Remarks. In the most recent work on the genus Clinterocera , C. hercules Jákl, 2017 was described from Vietnam based on females and placed into the C. jucunda species group ( Jákl 2017). After study of external structures and male genitalia, we reassign this species to the C. discipennis species group.

Figures

FIGURE 1–5. FIGURE 1. Composite illustration of tomentous areas on the dorsal surface of the Clinterocera jucunda species group. FIGURES 2–5. Mouthparts of the Clinterocera jucunda species group (example C. velutina new species). 2, epipharynx; 3, mandibles; 4, maxillae; 5, prementum.

FIGURES 28–38. Protibia and protarsi of Clinterocera (male). 28, Clinterocera brevifasciata new species (holotype); 29, C. davidis; 30, C. donckieri; 31, C. jucunda; 32, C. krikkeni new species (holotype); 33, C. nigra; 34, C. velutina new species (holotype); 35, C. vietnamensis new species (holotype); 36, C. yunnana; 37, C. raui; 38, C. sinensis new species (holotype).

FIGURES 39–61. Metatibia and metatarsi of Clinterocera (male and female). 39. Clinterocera bicolor; 40–41, C. brevifasciata new species (holotype and paratype); 42–43, C. davidis. 44–45; C. donckieri; 46–47, C. jucunda; 48–49, C. krikkeni new species (holotype and paratype); 50–51, C. nigra; 52–53, C. velutina new species (holotype and paratype); 54– 55, C. vietnamensis new species (holotype and paratype); 56–57, C. yunnana; 58–59, C. raui; 60–61, C. sinensis new species (holotype and paratype).

FIGURES 62–83. Male genitalia of Clinterocera (apical and lateral view). 62–63, Clinterocera brevifasciata new species (holotype); 64–65, C. davidis; 66–67, C. donckieri; 68–69, C. jucunda; 70–71, C. krikkeni new species (holotype); 72–73, C. nigra; 74–75, C. velutina new species (holotype); 76–77, C. vietnamensis new species (holotype); 78–79, C. yunnana; 80–81, C. raui; 82–83, C. sinensis new species (holotype).