Cladochaeta sororia (Williston, 1896)

Carvalho-Filho, Fernando Da Silva, Pirani, Gabriela & Kloss, Thiago Gechel, 2018, A new species and notes on unusual natural history of Cladochaeta Coquillett, 1900 (Diptera: Drosophilidae), Zootaxa 4410 (3), pp. 483-496 : 491-494

Cladochaeta sororia (Williston, 1896)

( Figs. 7 , 9 , 31–34 )

Drosophila sororia Williston, 1896: 408 ; Sturtevant, 1921: 87 (redescription); Wheeler, 1970: 79.30 (catalogue); Wheeler, 1981: 66 (catalogue).

Cladochaeta sororia: Vilela & Bächli, 1990: 14 , Figs. 9 , 10 , 144, 153 (new combination, lectotype designation, redescription); Grimaldi & Nguyen, 1999: 107 –108, Figs. 51, 52, 54, 56, 70 (redescription of male and description of female); Tidon & Almeida, 2016: 722 (catalogue).

Material examined. BRAZIL: Pará: Belém , urban garden, 1°25'51.19"S; 48°27'11.73"W, F.S. Carvalho Filho [collector], 28.V.2014 (3 ♂♂) ; 18.III.2015 (1 ♂); 26.III.2015 (1 ♂); 28.IV. 2 0 15 (2 ♂♂), 27.IV.2016 (4 ♂♂), 20.I.2017 (6 ♂♂), 17.V.2017 (2 ♂♂ and 1♀),.

Distribution. NEOTROPICAL—Colombia (Valle del Cauca), Costa Rica (San José), Brazil (Pará), Ecuador (Chimborazo), Nicaragua (El Rama), Panama (Canal Zone, Darien), Peru (Madre de Dios), St. Vicent, Trinidad (Arima), Venezuela (Montes).

Comments. This is one of the most widely distributed species of Cladochaeta in South America ( Grimaldi & Nguyen 1999), but this is the first record from Brazil, where it was easily found in a garden of an urban residence. It was usually found flicking the wings on leaves of the introduced plant Ixora coccinea (Rubiaceae) and the invasive Solanum americanum (Solanaceae) .

Illustrations of the terminalia of this species were presented by Vilela & Bächli, (1990) and Grimaldi & Nguyen (1999).

Figures

FIGURES5–7. Wings of Cladochaeta. 5. C. caxiuana sp. nov., holotype. 6. C. caxiuana sp. nov., male paratype; 7. C. sororia male.Scale bars = 0,5 mm.

FIGURES 8–9. Antennae of Cladochaeta. 8. C. caxiuana sp. nov. holotype male. 9. C. sororia male. (Abbreviations: ap f. = apical fork; d-1. = first dorsal branch; d-2. = second dorsal branch; d-3. = third dorsal branch; d-4. = fourth dorsal branch; flgm 1. = first flagellomere; scp.= scape; ped. = pedicel; vent br.= ventral branch).Scale bars = 0.1 mm.

FIGURES 31–34. Cladochaeta sororia (Williston, 1896). 31. Habitus, lateral view. 32. Habitus, dorsal view. 33. Head, lateral view. 34. Head, anterior view.Scale bars = 0.5 mm

FIGURES 10–15. Cladochaeta caxiuana sp. nov. 10–13. Terminalia of holotype male.10, 11. Terminal view. 12, 113. Lateral view.14–15. Terminalia of paratype female. 14. Terminal view.15. Terminal oblique view.(Abbreviations:as = apical sternite; at = apical tergite; cerc = cercus; ep = epandrium; hip = hipandrium; hy = hypoproct; phall = phallus; phallap = phallapodeme; ps = penultimate sternite; pt = penultimate tergite; surst = surstylus). Scale bars = 0.1 mm.