Coelioxys (Rhinocoelioxys) paraguayensis Schrottky

Filho, Léo Correia Da Rocha & Packer, Laurence, 2015, Revision of the Neotropical subgenera Coelioxys (Platycoelioxys) Mitchell and C. (Rhinocoelioxys) Mitchell (Hymenoptera; Megachilidae) with the description of one new species, Zootaxa 3941 (2), pp. 151-203 : 176-179

Coelioxys (Rhinocoelioxys) paraguayensis Schrottky

( Figs 9 A–L, 10, 16B, 16H, 17B, 17H)

Coelioxys paraguayensis Schrottky, 1909: 262 . Coelioxys rostrata Friese, 1921: 447 . syn. nov.

Diagnosis. The combination of mandible not unusually flattened, clypeus with an apicomedial tuberculate process, mesoscutellum with a posteromedian process and apical margin of S5 with a fringe of long brown setae is sufficient to separate females of this species from all others except. C. barbata from which it can be differentiated by its weakly swollen, dull and densely punctate ocellar region (strong swollen, shiny and sparsely punctate ocellar region in C. barbata ). It also has an emarginate apical margin to S5, which is entire in C. barbata . Males differ from all the other in the subgenus by the following character combination: Hypostomal concavity with a larger patch of short hairs, mesoscutellum triangular and lacking a longitudinal median ridge and T1 red across entire width. The ocellar area in C. paraguayensis males, as in females, contrasts with the shiny, sparsely punctate and strongly swollen ocellar area in C. barbata males. Additionally, C. paraguayensis ranges from Northern Brazil to North Argentina whereas C. barbata occurs only in northern South America, from French Guiana to Panama.

Redescription. Female. (PCYU). “ PARAGUAY: Cordillera, Atyra, 25º 14.6855S 057º 15.092W, 18.i.2007 555ft., E. Willis”.

Measurements. Body length: 5.94 mm; forewing length: 4.27 mm; head width: 1.78 mm. Coloration. Black except as follows: Antenna dark brown; mandible, lateral margins of mesoscutum, mesepisternum, metepisternum dorsally, legs, sterna, pronotal lamella, T1, lateral surfaces of T2–T4 red to reddish; S5 dark brown towards the apex; tegula yellowish to light brown; wings subhyaline; veins brownish.

Pubescence. White, subappressed on: Paraocular area, supraclypeal area, clypeus basally, gena, mandible, labrum, complete transverse fascia on anterior margin of mesoscutum, mesosoma, legs, basal fascia of T1, apical fasciae of sterna, lateral margins of T6. Ocular hairs short (about 0.06 mm). Scattered erect, long, slender, brownish setae on paraocular area, supraclypeal area, clypeus, medially on mandible. Clypeus towards apex covered with short, thick brownish setae, darker at the apical margin. Frontal area covered with appressed pale hairs. Upper paraocular area with long, brown hairs distinct from those of adjacent regions, oriented mesad, apices of some hairs from each side almost meeting medially. Slender, erect, yellow setae and plumose white hairs arising from punctures on vertex and medially on mesoscutum. Thick, yellow setae on tarsi. T2–T5 apical fasciae composed of appressed, plumose, white hairs. Apical margin of S5 covered with long, thick, brown setae forming fringe.

Surface sculpture. Ocellar area densely, closely punctate, interspaces among punctures dull, shorter than the puncture diameter; vertex moderately densely punctate; mesoscutum, mesepisternum sculptured, punctures on disc of mesoscutum larger towards the sides, elliptical; mesoscutellum not densely punctate, interspaces among punctures larger than puncture diameter; axilla coarsely, densely punctate, without shining areas; T1 moderately densely punctate, interspaces among punctures shining, larger than the puncture diameter; pregradular areas of T2–T5 moderately densely punctate, interspaces shining, smooth; postgradular areas of T2–T5 shining, with sparse punctures forming transverse row with additional small punctures medioposteriorly, T6 densely punctate, punctures very small, well separated, more densely punctate apically; S1 punctate; postgradular areas of S2–S4 moderately densely punctate basally, sparsely towards apex, postgradular area of S5 sparsely punctate basally, more densely punctate towards apex.

Structure. Ocellar area slightly swollen, nearly flat; clypeus produced apico-medially into tuberculate process. Mesoscutellum triangular, with rounded projection medially. Surface of mesoscutellum flat, without dorso-median ridge. Axilla short, acute apically. T6 subacute apically, without sulcus laterally. Dorso-median line of T6 obsolescent except forming elevated ridge apically with depressions lateral to the elevated ridge shallow, obsolescent. Apex of S5 emarginate. S6 slender, elongate, lateral margins convergent apically, subdentate, with two small, discrete notches subapically, tip subacute. Hemitergite 7 much longer than wide, area subtended by the marginal ridge narrow; apodemal region greatly produced anteriorly; lateral process reduced; spiracle close to apical margin of lamina spiracularis; lateral lamella wider than lamina spicularis. Dorsal arm of furcula long. Gonostylus subacute apically.

Male. (BBSL). “ BOLIVIA Santa Cruz, 11km, N Boyuibe 2900’ handnet, 4 Mar ’99 MIrwin F Parker, 20º23.75’S 63º22.22’W ”. “ Coelioxys (Rhin.) rostrata, Friese 1922 [sic] (=1921), Det. L. Correia da Rocha, Filho 2013, BBSL878172”.

Measurements. Body length: 5.42 mm; forewing length: 4.38 mm; head width: 1.98 mm. Coloration. As in female.

Pubescence. As in female except as follows: Face densely covered with whitish hairs, mandible only basally, hypostomal concavity with larger patch of short, white hairs anteriorly, posteromargin of hypostomal concavity with long, curved white hairs. Apical white fasciae of T2–T5 broadly interrupted medially, gradular grooves of T3–T6 conspicuously fasciate with short, appressed, plumose white hairs, gradular groove of T2 bare.

Surface sculpture. As in female except as follows: Postgradular areas of T2 and T3 with conspicuous, elliptical, transverse, densely punctate area medially on each side; T6 with very small punctures basally, punctate laterally, dorsal-median excavation densely punctate, dorsal ridges sparsely; postgradular area of S5 moderately densely punctate, interspaces among punctures shining.

Structures. As in female except as follows: Hypostomal concavity deeply concave, shorter than half length of compound eye. Spine-like processes of T5 separated from the surface of the tergum apically. Lateral processes of T6 pointed, acute, long, almost parallel to the tergum; dorsal processes short, broad, rounded apically; ventral processes long, acute. Apical impressed area of S4 interrupted by a pair of apicomedial extensions from disc, these extensions delimiting a flat U-shaped area, arms of the flattened process subequal or shorter than the distance that separates them. Apical rim of S4 bare medially, narrowly depressed. S5 canaliculate medially towards the apex. Apical margin of S5 simple, gradulus deeply angulate, almost reaching base. Gradulus of S6 indistinct, U-shaped, nearly reaching basal margin, pregradular areas narrow, elongate, weakly sclerotized on inner margins, strongly sclerotized along outer margins, narrowly acute at base, apical half of pregradular area densely setose, less setose on outer margins, postgradular area transparent medially, broad at base, basal membranous lip rounded. S7 obsolescent, represented by two small sclerites. S8 acute basally. Gonocoxa compressed laterally, with some long setae apically, slightly longer than penis valve in length.

Variation. In a few specimens from Northern Brazil the mesepisternum and metepisternum are black dorsally. The axilla in some specimens is rounded apically. In some females the tuberculate process on the clypeus is flattened dorsoventrally (contrasting to the rounded process observed at the syntypes of C. rostrata ).

Comments. Schrottky’s (1909) type specimen of C. paraguayensis is apparently lost ( Moure et al., 2012). However, from the description of the female of C. paraguayensis from Asunción, Paraguay it is clear that we have the same species as Schrottky. Distinctive characteristics are the tuberculate prominence of the clypeus and the bipartite apex of S5 with its fringe of dark hairs. Additional characters supporting our designation include the shape of the mesoscutellum, T6 and S6. All of these characteristics are the name as found in C. rostrata which is synonymized herein with C. paraguayensis .

Floral Records. According to the label data, some females were collected on the flowers of Vitex negundo L. ( Lamiaceae ).

Host Records. Unknown.

Geographical Distribution. Argentina (Chaco), Bolivia (Santa Cruz), Brazil (Amapá, Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul, Pará, Paraíba, Santa Catarina, São Paulo), Paraguay (Concepción, Cordillera, Distrito Capital, San Pedro), Peru (Cusco) ( Fig. 12).

Material examined. Syntypes (2). BRAZIl. Amapá. 1 female ( ZMB). “Mazagão, 18.10.1900, Ducke”. “ Coelioxys rostrata, 1904 Friese Fr. det.”. “Zool. Mus., Berlin”. Pará. 1 female ( ZMB). “Obidos, 28.7.1902, Ducke”. “ Coelioxys rostrata, 1904 Friese Fr. det.”. “ Lectotypus ”. “ Type ”. “Zool. Mus., Berlin”.

Additional material: 1 female ( SEMC). “ UK ”. “#4”. “as det. 1982 in T. B. Mitchell, Collection”. ARGENTINA. Chaco. 1 male ( PCYU). “ ARGENTINA Chaco, Chaco N.P., S 26º53.252’ W 059º37.341’, 20.iv.2008, Sweep Net, A. Taylor PCYU-ATARG 118”. “CCDSB-06743 C10”. BOLIVIA. Santa Cruz. 1 female and 5 males (Ansfelden). “ BOLIVIA, Dep. Santa Cruz, Rio Seco, 300 m, Feb. 1962, leg. F. H. Walz”. 1 male ( BMNH). “ BOLIVIA, Santa, Cruz, Roboré, October 1959 ”. “ Coelioxys rostrata Fr., det. Mitch.”. 1 male ( SEMC). “ BOLIVIA Santa, Cruz Roboré, October 1959 ”. “ UK ”. “#37”. “ Rhinocoelioxys, as det. 1982 in, T. B. Mitchell, Collection”. “ SEMC 1177030, KUNHM-ENT”. 1 female ( SEMC). “ BOLIVIA Santa, Cruz Roboré, October 1959 ”. “ UK ”. “ rostrata ”. “ Rhinocoelioxys, as det. 1982 in, T. B. Mitchell, Collection”. “ SEMC 1177029, KUNHM- ENT ”. 1 female ( SEMC). “ BOLIVIA Santa, Cruz Roboré, October 1959 ”. “ Rhinocoelioxys, as det. 1982 in, T. B. Mitchell, Collection”. “ SEMC 1177013, KUNHM-ENT”. 1 female ( BBSL). “ BOLIVIA Santa Cruz, 16, km NW Mairana handnet, 19 Feb 1999 FDParker, 18º00.61’S 64º00.64’W ”. “ Coelioxys (Rhin.) rostrata, Friese 1922 [sic] (=1921), Det. L. Correia da Rocha, Filho 2013, BBSL 878164”. 1 male ( BBSL). “ BOLIVIA Santa Cruz, 11km, N Boyuibe 2900’ handnet, 4 Mar ’99 MIrwin F Parker, 20º23.75’S 63º22.22’W ”. “ Coelioxys (Rhin.) rostrata, Friese 1922 [sic] (=1921), Det. L. Correia da Rocha, Filho 2013, BBSL 878168”. 1 male ( BBSL). Idem, except “878172”. 1 male ( BBSL). Idem, except “878173”. 1 male ( BBSL). “ BOLIVIA Santa Cruz, Buena Vista, handnet, 23 Feb 1999 FDParker, 17º27.68’S 63º39.63’W ”. “ Coelioxys (Rhin.) rostrata, Friese 1922 [sic] (=1921), Det. L. Correia da Rocha, Filho 2013, BBSL 878169”. BRAZIL. 1 male ( ZMB). “ Brasil., Sello.”. “789”. Mato Grosso. 1 male ( ANSP). “Jan.”. “Chapada”. “ ANSP ”. “ Rhinocoelioxys, as det. 1982 in, T.B. Mitchell, collection”. “On loan from: Academy of Nat. Sci.-Phila: November 27, 2013 Loan #: 30.69”. 1 male ( BMNH). “Passy site, work place”. “ BRAZIL: Mato Grosso, 12°50’S., 51°47’W., 15.III.1968, O.W. Richards.” “R.S. & R.G.S., Expedition, B.M. 1968-260”. “ Coelioxys rostrata Friese, Pe J. S. Moure 1972 ”. Mato Grosso do Sul. 1 male ( ANSP). “April”. “Corumbá”. “12.2”. “ ANSP ”. “ Coelioxys rostrata Friese , as det. 1982 in, T.B. Mitchell, collection”. “On loan from: Academy of Nat. Sci.-Phila: November 27, 2013 Loan #: 30.69”. Pará. 1 male ( ZMB). “Obidos, 28.7.1902, Ducke”. “ Coelioxys faroensis, 1913 n . Friese Fr. det.”. 1 male ( ZMB). “Amazonas, Faro, 12. 1905”. “ Coelioxys faroensis, 1913 n . Friese Fr. det.”. “ Holotypus ”. “Zool. Mus., Berlin”. Paraíba. 1 female ( SEMC). “ BRAZIL – Paraíba, Santa Luzia, Mun. Serra, do Brandão dos Chandoca, 4/ 8 December 1955, (Sebastião Medeiros)”. “ UK ”. “ Coelioxys rostrata Friese , as det. 1982 in, T. B. Mitchell, Collection”. “ret.1”. “ SEMC 1177012, KUNHM-ENT”. Santa Catarina. 1 male ( USNM). “St. Catharina, Brazil ”. 1 male ( USNM). Idem, except “6300”. São Paulo. 1 female ( PCYU). “ BRASIL São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto USP Campus, 1–9/xii.2011 L. Packer”. 1 female ( RPSP). “Ribeirão Preto, SP – BRASIL, SF-23, 48-21d”. “ 11-XI-1975, M. Mazucato leg.”. I female ( RPSP). Idem, except “ 11-XI-1975 ”. 4 females ( RPSP). “GENÉTICA, F.M.R. PRÊTO ”. “RIBEIRÃO PRÊTO, S. Paulo – BRASIL, 3- XI-1969, Col. R. Zucchi”. “em flor de, Vitex negundo ”. “ Coelioxys , sp. não descrita, Det. Moure-1970”. 1 female ( PCYU). “ BRASIL São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto USP Campus, 1–9/xii.2011 L. Packer”. 1 male ( BBSL). “Piracicaba, Sao Paulo Bz, XI-6-72 ”. Coelioxys (Rhin.) rostrata, Friese 1922 [sic] (=1921), Det. L. Correia da Rocha, Filho 2013, BBSL 878167”. PARAGUAY. Concepción. 1 female ( PCYU). “ PARAGUAY, Concepción, 8km S. Vallemi, 1.ii.2007 485ft., E. Willis”. “ Coelioxys (Rhinocoelioxys) sp., det. T. Griswold”. San Pedro. 1 male ( AMNH). “ PARAG. – SAN PEDRO, Cororó – 2.94, Arriagada”. PERU. Cuzco. 2 males ( BMNH). “ PERU: Rio Apuri-, mac 68 k w Cusco, 2,400 m. 23.iv.83, C. & M. Vardy, B.M. 1983-217”.

Figures

FIGURE 9. Coelioxys paraguayensis. Female (A – F): A. Lateral view, B. Dorsofrontal view of head (for clypeus tubercle flattened, C. Frontal view of head (for clypeus tubercle rounded), D. Dorsal view of mesoscutum and mesoscutellum, E. Dorsal view of T 6 and S 6, F. Ventral view of S 5. Male (G – L): G. Frontal view of head (for ocular hairs), H. Dorsal view of subocelar area, I. Lateral view of head and mesosoma, J. Dorsal view of T 2 and T 3, K. Dorsal view of metasoma, L. Ventral view of S 4 and S 5. (Scale bar = 1.5 mm).