Trichoderma adaptatum K. Chen & W.Y. Zhuang, 2017

Chen, Kai & Zhuang, Wen-Ying, 2017, Seven soil-inhabiting new species of the genus Trichoderma in the Viride clade, Phytotaxa 312 (1), pp. 28-46 : 33

Trichoderma adaptatum K. Chen & W.Y. Zhuang , sp. nov. Fig 2

Fungal Names: FN570314.

Etymology: The specific epithet refers to adaption of diverse living conditions.

Diagnosis. Colony fast-growing on CMD and PDA, slow-growing on SNA at 25 °C. Conidiophores trichoderma-like, phialides narrowly lageniform, conidia green, subglobose to ellipsoid.

On CMD after 72 h colony radius 65–66 mm and mycelium covering the plate after 3 d at 25 °C. Colony hyaline, radial, margin well defined, aerial hyphae common, more abundant with distance from the original inoculum. Conidiation noted after 2 d, formed on aerial hyphae and shrubs, shrubs mainly concentrated along the colony margin. Conidiophores symmetrical, trichoderma-like, numerous. Phialides solitary or paired or in whorls of 3–4, typically narrowly lageniform, sometimes ampulliform, (6.9–)9.0–13.8(–21.9) × 2.5–3.5 μm, l/ w 2.3 –5.0(–8.8), 1.7–2.8 μm wide at the base (n = 40). Conidia green, smooth, subglobose to ellipsoid, less commonly globose, 3.1–4.4(–5.3) × 2.8–3.6 μm, l/ w 1.0 –1.5 (n=40). No chlamydospores observed. No distinct odor, no diffusing pigment observed.

On PDA after 72 h colony radius 62–65 mm and mycelium covering the plate after 4 d at 25 °C. Colony radial, indistinctly zonate, margin well defined. Aerial hyphae abundant, forming a downy, zonate mat. Conidiation noted after 2 d, formed on aerial hyphae and tufts. No chlamydospores observed. No distinct odor, no diffusing pigment observed.

On SNA after 72 h colony radius 13 mm and mycelium covering the plate after 11 d at 25 °C. Colony hyaline, loose, margin well defined, aerial hyphae common. Conidiation noted after 3 d, formed in loose shrubs, first white, turning green after 4 d. No chlamydospores observed. No distinct odor, no diffusing pigment observed.

Strains examined: CHINA. Tibet: Linzhi , elev. 3258 m, isolated from soil, 21 November 2014, K. Chen TC408 (holotype HMAS 248800 , ex-type culture CGMCC 3.18321 ). ibid., K. Chen TC403 ( HMAS 248802 ) ; K. Chen TC404 ( HMAS 248803 ). CHINA. Beijing: Yanqing, Yudushan , elev. 926 m, isolated from soil, 8 July 2015, K. Chen TC734 ( HMAS 248801 ) ;

Notes: Trichoderma adaptatum was isolated from Tibet and Beijing, the areas have significantly different climates, which indicates that the fungus might be widely distributed in the county. In Fig 1 , T. adaptatum appeared as a separate terminal branch in the Viride clade, and is not closely related to any other species. Trichoderma tibetense is also from Tibet ( Chen & Zhuang 2016), but is distantly related and belongs to the Strictipile clade.

Figures

FIGURE 1. One of the most parsimonious trees based on the analysis of the combined RPB2 and TEF1 matrix, showing phylogenetic positions of the new species. From left to right: MPBP above 50%, MLBP above 70%, and BIPP above 90% are provided at the nodes.

FIGURE 2. Trichoderma adaptatum (HMAS 248800). A–C. Cultures at 25 °C (A. CMD, 7 d; B. PDA, 7 d; C. SNA, 20 d); D–K. Conidiophores and phialides (CMD, 3 d); L–M. Conidia (CMD, 3 d). Scale bars: A–C = 20 mm; D, G, H = 20 μm, E, F = 10 μm; I–M = 5 μm.