Pachyula Ogilby, 1898

Marceniuk, Alexandre Pires, Oliveira, Claudio & Ferraris Jr, Carl J., 2024, A new classification of the family Ariidae (Osteichthyes: Ostariophysi: Siluriformes) based on combined analyses of morphological and molecular data, Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 200 (2), pp. 426-476 : 471

Pachyula Ogilby, 1898

( Figs 1–3 , 38F , 49 )

Type species: Hemipimelodus crassilabris Ramsay & Ogilby, 1886 .

Diagnosis

Mesethmoid median portion very narrow (2, 2> 0); epioccipital visible dorsally (41, 0> 1); vomer anterior margin pronounced and acute (50, 0> 1); basioccipital lateral process absent with anterior and posterior portions equally developed (83, 1> 0); anteroventral portion of opercle subtrapezoidal, very short (127, 1> 2); metapterygoid one and a one-half times longer than deep in perpendicular section (135, 1> 2); posterolateral processes of urohyal short (160, 1> 0); third basibranchial chalice shaped (168, 0> 1); posterior margin of first epibranchial straight (181, 1> 0); first pharyngobranchial large and depressed (190, 0> 1); median crest associated with neural spine of fourth vertebra very high (202, 0> 1); Müllerian ramus robust (207, 0> 1); ventral surfaces of parapophyses of fifth and sixth vertebrae conspicuously concave (212, 0> 1); adipose fin-base long (222, 2> 1).

Ambiguous optimization: Mesethmoid medial notch narrow and deep (1, 0> 1); lateral horn of lateral ethmoid compressed and spatulate (11, 0> 1); Müllerianramusdistalone-thirdgentlycurved (208, 2> 1); posterior process of cleithrum very long (224, 0> 2).

Included species

Pachyula crassilabris Ramsay & Ogilby, 1886

Pachyula conorhynchus Weber, 1913 * sedis mutabilis.

Habitat and distribution: Freshwater, southern New Guinea ( Fig. 38 ).

Remarks

Total-evidence analysis confirms the validity of this genus, in agreement with previous morphological and molecular studies( Marceniuk and Menezes 2007, Betancur-R.2009, Marceniuk et al. 2012).

Figures

Figure 1. MP analysis.Subfamilies (SF) Galeichthyinae (pink), Bagreinae (bright blue), and Ariinae (dark blue). Tribe (T) Ariini (blue), Cathopsini (orange), Genidentini tribe nov. (brown), and Sciadeini tribe nov. (light green).Subtribe (ST) Ariina (light blue) and Doiichthyina (green). Incertae sedis taxa (IS) (red). Numbers over branches correspond to the bootstrap support.

Figure 2. ML analysis. Subfamilies (SF) Galeichthyinae (pink), Bagreinae (bright blue), and Ariinae (dark blue). Tribe (T) Ariini (blue), Cathopsini (orange), Genidentini tribe nov. (brown), and Sciadeini tribe nov. (light green). Subtribe (ST) Ariina (light blue) and Doiichthyina (green). Incertae sedis taxa (IS) (red). Numbers over branches correspond to the bootstrap support.

Figure 3. BI analysis.Subfamilies (SF) Galeichthyinae (pink), Bagreinae (bright blue), and Ariinae (dark blue). Tribe (T) Ariini (blue), Cathopsini (orange), Genidentini tribe nov. (brown), and Sciadeini tribe nov. (light green).Subtribe (ST) Ariina (light blue) and Doiichthyina (green). Incertae sedis taxa (IS) (red). Numbers over branches correspond to the bootstrap support.

Figure 38. Representative skulls, in dorsal view, and distribution of the subtribe Doiichthyina.A, Brustiarius nox, AUM 47488. B, Paracinetodus carinatus, AUM 47550.C, Cochlefelis spatula, AUM 50296. D, Nedystoma dayi, AUM 47500. E, Aceroichthys dioctes, AUM 47507. F, Pachyula crassilabris, AUM 47509. G, Pararius proximus, AUM 47486.H, Potamosilurus velutinus, AUM 47489.* marine, ** brackish waters, *** freshwater.

Figure 49. Pachyula crassilabris, AMS B 9961, New Guinea, type species of the genus.