Epsilonema

Fedyaeva, Maria A., Neretina, Tatjana V., Konovalova, Olga P. & Tchesunov, Alexei V., 2016, Two known and one new species of Draconematidae and Epsilonematidae (Nematoda, Desmodorida) from the White Sea, North Russia, Zootaxa 4121 (4), pp. 383-411 : 399-400

List of Epsilonema species (valid species in bold)

E. anulosum ( Verschelde & Vincx, 1992) Gourbault & Decraemer 1996 . Verschelde & Vincx 1992: 180–183, Figs 1 A–E (as Bathyepsilonema anulosum ); coast of Kenya, sand bank. Gourbault & Decraemer 1996: 139. Karssen et al. (2000) assumed E. anulosum as junior synonym of E. pustulatum ( Gerlach, 1952) .

E. byssicola Lorenzen, 1973 . Lorenzen 1973: 452 –456, Abb. 4 a–h, 5 a–h; Southern Chile, Chiloé Isl., sublittoral, byssus of bivalves Aulacomya ater on rocks.

E. costeriatum ( Murphy, 1963) . Murphy 1963: 250 –252, Fig. 2 (as Notochaetosoma costeriata ); Oregon, holdfast of Costeria costata.

E. cryptamphis Decraemer & Gourbault, 1987 . Decraemer & Gourbault 1987: 58 –60, Fig. 1; Caribbean Islands (Iles des Saintes, Guadeloupe, Grande-Terre, Le Moule), interstitial of sandy beaches.

E. cygnoides ( Metschnikoff, 1867) . Synonyms and records: see Gerlach & Riemann 1973: 270, Lorenzen 1973: 448 and Gourbault & Decraemer 1996: 139. The species is here assumed as species inquirenda – see discussion below.

E. cyrtum Steiner, 1931 . Synonyms and records: see Decraemer 1991 and Gourbault & Decraemer 1996: 139 -140.

E. dentatum Lorenzen, 1973 . Lorenzen 1973: 462–465, Abb. 9a–k; Southern Chile, Chiloé Isl., upper intertidal zone, coarse sand enriched with detritus. Lorenzen 1973: 465–466, Abb. 10a–i ( Epsilonema dentatum rugatum ); New Zealand, South Island, North Island, intertidal fine pebble.

E. docidocricum ( Steiner, 1931) . Steiner 1931: 327–328, text Fig. 30 a–b (as Prochaetosoma docidocricum ); Antarctic, depth 380 m. Decraemer 1991: 23–30, figs 1A–F, 2A–D, 3A–C, E–H, Table I; Antarctic, depths 89– 540 m.

E. enigmaticum Gourbault & Decraemer, 1994 . Gourbault & Decraemer 1994: 387 –391, figs 2–3; New Caledonia, supralittoral interstitial.

E. espeeli Verschelde & Vincx, 1994 . Verschelde & Vincx 1994: 79 –85, Figs 1–3, Table I; Kenya, river mouth, vicinity of mangroves.

E. exoticum Gourbault & Decraemer, 1994 . Gourbault & Decraemer 1994: 384 –387, Fig 1; Polynesia, Moorea Island and New Caledonia, supralittoral interstitial.

E. fernandinense Clasing, 1984 . Clasing 1984: 160 –162, Abb. 5 a–e, 6 a–d; Galapagos Island Fernandina, upper intertidal interstitial.

E. lasium Lorenzen, 1973 . Lorenzen 1973: 458 –460, Abb. 7 a–g; South Carolina, Bermuda Islands, intertidal coarse sand. Lorenzen 1992: 444 –446, Fig. 2 a–e; France, northern coast of Bretagne, salt marsh, sandy layer in ~ 5cm depth.

E. longispicula Decraemer, 1982 . Decraemer 1982: 13 –16, plate V, figs 1–6, plate VI, figs 1–4; Papua New Guinea, Laing Island, intertidal zone, between Halimeda .

E. mangrovense Clasing, 1984 . Clasing 1984: 184 –165, Abb. 7 a–j; Galapagos Island Santa Cruz, mangrove habitat.

E. margaritatum Decraemer & Gourbault, 1987 . Decraemer & Gourbault 1987: 60 –62, Fig. 2 ; Caribbean Islands ( Guadeloupe, Jamaica), interstitial of lagoonal sediments and sandy beach.

E. meunierorum Decraemer & Gourbault, 1987 . Decraemer & Gourbault 1987: 62 –65, Fig. 3–4 ; Caribbean Islands (Iles des Saintes, La Désirade, Guadeloupe), sandy beach interstitial waters.

E. multispiralum Raes et al., 2003 . Raes et al. 2003: 59 –64, Figs 6 , 7 , Table 2 ; North-East Atlantic, Porcupine Seabight, depth 1005 m, top of coral mound.

E. oodamphis Decraemer & Gourbault, 1987 . Decraemer & Gourbault 1987: 65 –67, Fig. 5 ; Caribbean Island Martinique, sandy beach interstitial waters.

E. paralasium Decraemer & Gourbault, 1987 . Decraemer & Gourbault 1987: 67 –70, Fig. 6 ; Caribbean Island Guadeloupe, sandy beach interstitial waters.

E. parvospina Decraemer, 1982 . Decraemer 1982: 10 –13, Plate III, Figs 1–7, Plate IV, Figs 1–4; Papua New Guinea, Laing Island, lagoon, depth 3/4th m, between Halimeda .

E. pustulatum ( Gerlach, 1952) . Gerlach 1952: 358 –360, Abb. 24 a–d (as Bathepsilonema pustulata); Mediterranean, Cannes, Küstengrundwasser. Karssen et al. 2000: 685 –693, Figs 1–4; sand beach of Malaga, Mediterranean; synonymization of Epsilonema anulosum ( Verschelde & Vincx 1992) .

E. serrulatum Lorenzen, 1973 . Lorenzen 1973: 456 –458, Abb. 6 a–g; Southern Chile, Chiloé Isl., intertidal zone, coarse sand enriched with detritus.

E. spinulosum ( Lorenzen, 1992) . Lorenzen 1992: 442 –444, Fig. 1 a–c (as Bathyepsilonema spinulosum ); France, northern coast of Bretagne, salt marsh, sandy layer in ~ 5cm depth.

E. steineri Chitwood, 1935 . Steiner 1916: 575–579, Fig. 17 a–d, Taf. 26 (as Rhabdogaster cygnoides ); Barents Sea. (Nec Rhabdogaster cygnoides sensu Metschnikoff 1867 & Rhabdogaster cygnoides sensu Schepotieff 1908 ). Chitwood 1935: 54.

Figures

FIGURE 2. Draconema ophicephalum, details. A: female anterior body; B: male anterior body; C: female reproductive system; D: male copulatory organs; E: male posterior body; F: posterior adhesive tube from a lateroventral row. Scale bars: A, B 50 Μ m; C, E 100 Μ m; D 50 Μ m; E, F 10 Μ m.

FIGURE 3. Draconema ophicephalum, Scanning Electron Micrographs. A: male, entire; B: female head, dorsal view with cephalic adhesive tubes; C: male head, apical view; D: male labial region; E: posterior adhesive tubes; F: female, vulva region. Scale bars: A 100 Μ m; B, C, E, F 10 Μ m; D 3 Μ m.

FIGURE 4. Prochaetosoma marisalbi sp. n., entire. А: paratype female; В: holotype male. Scale bar 300 µ m.

FIGURE 5. Prochaetosoma marisalbi sp. n., details. А: holotype male, anterior body; В: paratype female, anterior body; С: paratype female, reproductive system; D: holotype male, posterior body. Scale bars: 50 Μ m.

FIGURE 6. Prochaetosoma marisalbi sp. n., Scanning Electron Micrographs. A: male, entire; B: female head, dorsal view; C: male head, apical view; D: male labial region; E: head, lateral view; F: male, arrays of posterior adhesive tubes. Scale bars: A 100 Μ m; B, C, E 10 Μ m; D 3 µ m; F 30 Μ m.

FIGURE 7. Epsilonema steineri, entire. A: male; B: female. Scale bars 100 Μ m.