Ectoedemia pilosae Puplesis, 1984

Yagi, Sadahisa, Hirano, Nagao & Hirowatari, Toshiya, 2019, Taxonomic notes on the Ectoedemia suberis and angulifasciella species groups in Japan (Lepidoptera: Nepticulidae), Zootaxa 4706 (2), pp. 201-230 : 212-222

3. Ectoedemia pilosae Puplesis, 1984

( Figs. 38 , 42–44 , 54 , 60 )

Ectoedemia pilosae Puplesis, 1984: 123 .

Type locality: Primorskiy Kray, 20 km E Ussuriysk, Gornotayezhnoe ( Russia) .

Material examined. JAPAN. Hokkaido: 1 ♂, Makinouti, Nemuro , 29.vii.2001, H. Kogi, genitalia slide no. 6295 ; 7 ♂, 5 ♀, Sapporo , 24.iv–18.v.1959, T. Kumata ( SEHU) ; 1 ♂, Kitaurimaku Sikaoi , 23.vii.2012, H. Kogi, genita- lia slide no. 7520 ; 3 ♂, 3 ♀, Kannonzawa, Minami-ku, Sapporo , 2.x.2015 larvae on Agrimonia pilosa , ex. pupa 30.v–15.vi.2016, S. Yagi ; 1 ♂, Komasato, Chitose , 11.iv.2014, host: "Kinmizuhiki" [= Agrimonia pilosa ], H. Kogi ; 1 ♀, Sizukawa, Tomakomai , 26.iii.2013, host: "Kinmizuhiki" [= Agrimonia pilosa ] ; 1 ♂, 26.iii.2013, H. Kogi; 2 ♂, Kashiwabara, Tomakomai-shi , 1.x.2015 larvae on Agrimonia pilosa , ex. pupa 29.v–3.vi.2016, S. Yagi, genitalia slide no. SY224 ; 2 ♂, 1 ♀, Uenae, Tomakomai-shi , 5.x.2017, larvae on Agrimonia pilosa , ex. pupa 21–31.v.2018, S. Yagi ; 1 ♀, Futamata, Osyamanbe , 19.vii.2012, H. Kogi ; 8 ♂, 11 ♀, Omine, Oshamanbe, Yamakoshi-gun , 6.x.2017, larvae on Agrimonia pilosa , ex. pupa 9–13.v.2018, S. Yagi. Honshu: [Iwate Pref.] 4 ♂, 1 ♀, Matsuoyoriki , Hachi- mantai-shi, 16.x.2016, larvae on Agrimonia pilosa , ex. pupa 14–20.v.2017, S. Yagi; [Akita Pref.] 2 ♂, Chokai, Toshi, Nikaho-shi , 23.ix.2017, larvae on Agrimonia pilosa , ex. pupa 31.v–3.vi.2018, S. Yagi; [Nagano Pref.] 10 ♂, 7 ♀, Hirao Yamanouchi, Shimotakai-gun , 17.ix.2017, larvae on Agrimonia pilosae , ex. pupa 10.v–22.vi.2017, S. Yagi, DNA extraction No. SaY151 ; 1 ♀, Togakushi , 15.x.1986, host: "Kinmizuhiki" [= Agrimonia pilosa ], ex. pupa 25.v.1987, H. Kuroko ( OPU) ; 1 ♀, Osirakawa, Nagawamura , 11.vii.2004, B. W. Lee ( OPU) ; 2 ♂, 1 ♀, Oshirakawa, Matsumoto-shi , 8.x.2015, larvae on Agrimonia pilosa , ex. pupa 5.vi.2016, S. Yagi ; 2 ♂, 2 ♀, Tateshina-kogen , 2.x.1969, host: Agrimonia pilosa , ex. pupa 21.iv.1970, H. Kuroko, genitalia slide VU no. 2465 ( OPU) ; 1 ♂, Min- amijo, Anan, Shimoina , 26.x.2016, larva on Agrimonia pilosa , ex. pupa 29.v.2017, S. Yagi .

Male. Forewing length 1.8–2.2 mm (n = 20), wingspan 3.9–5.2 mm (n = 20). Female. Forewing length 2.0– 2.4 mm (n = 20), wingspan 4.5–5.3 mm (n = 20).

Diagnosis. This species can be distinguished from other described species of the angulifasciella group species by the pale color of the scape, the long cream-white hair-pencil (ca. 0.45 times as long as hindwing), and the forewing with strong silver reflections at the base. The thin triangular pseuduncus, slender sublateral process of transtilla, and slender median carina in the male genitalia are also useful in distinguishing it from other members of the angulifasciella group.

Barcode data. The DNA barcode of one specimen (BOLD: AAP1383) was generated and deposited in Gen- Bank with accession number LC467968 . The DNA barcode of this species is closest to that of " Ectoedemia Rosa- Taiwan " based on BLAST in GenBank, and the similarity between them is 94.07%.

Biology. The Japanese population utilizes Agrimonia pilosa Ledeb. var. japonica (Miq.) Nakai as the host plant. Eggs are depostied on the underside of the leaf. The leafmine starts as a contorted gallery with blackish frass, and later becomes a broad serpentine gallery with dense, narrow, blackish frass. Larvae light yellow, found between September and October, which indicates univoltinism.

Distribution ( Fig. 60 ). Japan: Hokkaido, Honshu, Kyushu; Russia: Far East; South Korea: Gangwon-do.

Remarks. Stigmella alikurokoi Kemperman & Wilkinson, 1985 , recorded as Stigmella sp. 2 in Owada et al. (2006), also utilizes Agrimonia pilosa in Japan. However, the two can be easily distinguished because E. pilosae makes a contorted mine whereas S. alikurokoi makes a linear mine. Moreover, E. pilosae is distributed in the cool temperate zone, whereas S. alikurokoi is distributed in the warm temperate zone. Therefore, these species do not occur sympatrically.

Figures

FIGURES 38–41. Adults of the Japanese Ectoedemia angulifasciella group, male 38. E. pilosae collected in Shimotakai-machi, Nagano Pref. 39. E. picturata collected in Ishikari-shi, Hokkaido Pref. 40. E. occultella collected in Kutchan-cho, Hokkaido Pref. 41. E. jacutica collected in Tomakomai-shi, Hokkaido Pref.

FIGURES 42–47. Male genitalia of the Japanese Ectoedemia angulifasciella group. 42, 43. E. pilosae, genital capsule with phallus removed (genitalia slide no. SY224). 44. Ditto, phallus (Genitalia slide No. SY224). 45, 46. E. picturata, genital capsule with phallus removed (Genitalia slide No. SY183). 47. Ditto, phallus (Genitalia slide No. SY287).

FIGURES 54–57. Leafmines of the Japanese species of the Ectoedemia angulifasciella group. 54. E. pilosae on Agrimonia pilosa. 55. E. picturata on Rosa hirtula. 56. E. occultella on Betula platyphylla. 57. E. jacutica on Aruncus dioicus.

FIGURES 58–63. Japanese distribution maps of Japanese species of the Ectoedmeia suberis and angulifasciella groups. 58. E. chasanella. 59. E. ortiva. 60. E. pilosae. 61. E. picturata. 62. E. occultellla. 63. E. jacutica.