Menonvillea filifolia Fischer & Meyer (1835: 34)

Salariato, Diego L., Zuloaga, Fernando O. & Al-Shehbaz, Ihsan A., 2014, A revision of the genus Menonvillea (Cremolobeae, Brassicaceae), Phytotaxa 162 (5), pp. 241-298 : 273-274

13. Menonvillea filifolia Fischer & Meyer (1835: 34) . Menonvillea linearis DC. var. filifolia (Fisch. & C.A. Mey.) Rollins (1955: 43) . Type:— CHILE. Ex horto bot. Petropolitano (lectotype designated by V. Dorofeyev 2011 and herein, LE!; isolectotypes K 471802!, LE!).

Menonvillea angustifolia Presl (1944: 439) Type :— CHILE. 1832, Cuming s.n. (holotype PR; isotype GH!).

Annuals. Stems (7−)15−36(−46) cm, erect, usually simple at base, glabrous throughout or rarely sparsely pubescent, with simple, flat, slender trichomes to 0.5 mm long. Leaves sessile to subsessile; blade of basal and lowermost cauline leaves filiform, undivided or trifid into filiform segments, (2.5−)4−8(−10) cm × 0.5−1 mm, glabrous or sparsely pubescent, base attenuate, margin entire; upper cauline leaves smaller than basal ones, filiform, undivided. Racemes terminal or axillary, ebracteate, corymbose, elongated considerably in fruit, (2.5−)4− 10(−15) cm long; rachis glabrous or sparsely pubescent, straight in fruit; fruiting pedicels ascending, straight or slightly arcuate, 1.5−3(−4.5) mm long, sparsely pubescent with simple and slender trichomes. Sepals narrowly oblong, 4−5(−6.5) × 1−1.2(−1.5) mm, glabrous, erect, strongly saccate at base, caducous, margin membranous; petals yellowish, linear, (6.5)–7−11(−12) × 0.7−1(−1.4) mm, clawed, base conspicuously papillate; stamens tetradynamous; filaments free, erect, minutely papillate and not dilated and at base, 2−4−5(−6.6) mm long; anthers narrowly oblong, (0.9−)1−1.2(−1.5) mm long, sagittate at base; nectar glands 4, confluent, flat, petaloid. Fruits broadly ovoid to subglobose; valves 2-winged, (3.5−)4−5 × 3−4.4(−5) mm, deeply notched basally, slightly to deeply emarginate apically, with well-developed, somewhat tuberculate, oblong callus at center of dorsal side, often with abundant clavate papillae between callus and wing, sparsely papillate ventrally; wings (0.5−) 1−1.2 mm wide, conspicuously crenate to rarely entire, undulate; gynophore 0.5−1.5 mm long; style 0.8−2 mm long; stigma 2-lobed, slightly decurrent. Seeds ovate, 1.5−2(−2.2) × 0.9−1.1(−1.3) mm, wingless, slightly compressed; cotyledons incumbent.

Distribution and habitat:— Menonvillea filifolia is endemic to Chilean regions IV (Coquimbo), V (Valparaiso), Metropolitana de Santiago, and VI (Libertador General O´Higgins). It is found mainly at elevations between 20 and 1200 m ( Fig. 13C ).

Phenology:— Flowers from September to November.

Taxonomic notes:— Rollins (1955) considered Menonvillea filifolia a variety of M. linearis . However, it differs by being an annual (vs. perennial) with crenate or rarely entire, undulate (vs. entire) fruit wings and fruits valves usually densely covered with clavate papillae between the wings and on the tuberculate callus (vs. glabrous or only sparsely papillate between the wings and glabrous callus). It is closely related morphologically to M. marticorenae (see discussion under the latter).

Representative Specimens:— CHILE. IV Coquimbo: Prov. Choapa, Com. Canela, Valle Choapa, 8 October 1961, Schlegel 3830 ( CONC) ; Prov. Elqui, Com. Vicuña, Cuesta de Churqui , km 7 al 10 del camino de Vicuña a Hurtado, 31 October 1940, Wagenknecht s.n. ( CONC 93512 ) ; Prov. Limarí, Com. Ovalle, Corral Quemado, 5 October 1958, Jiles 3507 ( CONC) . V Valparaíso: Prov. Marga Marga, Com. Limache, Cerro Cruz, 27 September 1930, Garaventa 1676 ( BAA, CONC, SI) ; Prov. Petorca, Com. Cabildo, propiedad del Sr. Claudio Vicuña Subercaceux, cerca de Cabildo, 2 October 1955, Garaventa 8011 ( SI) ; Prov. San Felipe de Aconcagua , Com. Catemu, Catemu, September 1860, Herbarium Salesianum "Camilo Ortuzar Montt" 1698 ( CONC) , Prov. Valparaíso, Com. Viña del Mar, El Salto, Quebrada de Matthei , 4 October 1935, Behn s.n. ( CONC 21328 ) . Región Metropolitana de Santiago: Prov. Melipilla, Com. Curacaví, Curacaví, 1 October 1967, Zöllner 2031 ( CONC) ; Prov. Santiago, Com. Lo Barnechea , Cerro Provincia, November 1932, Grandjot s.n. ( CONC 21330 ) . VI Libertador O’Higgins: Prov. Cachapoal, Com. Las Cabras, Cocalán , October 1931, Grandjot s.n. ( CONC 929 ) ; Prov. Colchagua , without locality, no date, without collector ( SGO 78105) .

Figures

FIGURE 13. Distribution of species of Menonvillea sect. Menonvillea. A, M. chilensis. B, M. constitutionis. C, M. filifolia. D, M. flexuosa. E, M. linearis. F. M. litoralis. G. M. marticorenae. H, M. minima. I, M. orbiculata. J, M. pinnatifida. K, M. purpurea.